This article was originally published with the title «Seeing is Hearing: New
Type of Synesthesia Discovered»
This confounding of perception — called synesthesia — was thought to affect at most about 4 percent of the population, but University College London psychologist Jamie Ward has uncovered the best evidence yet that we may all have a
bit of synesthesia.
Tammet's experience with numbers is an
example of synesthesia, a puzzling phenomenon in which a certain type of stimulus triggers a hallucinatory perception.
While scientists are still uncertain about the exact
mechanisms of synesthesia, many believe that it's caused by a kind of cross-wiring of the neurons and synapses in the brain, so a sensation in one area automatically sets off a perception in another.
While the
concept of synesthesia has been recorded since at least the early nineteenth century, it was only in the 1980s that research into the phenomenon really started to take off and since the»90s has been the subject of research papers and novels.
In a form
of synesthesia known as grapheme to color synesthesia, letters or numbers may be perceived as inherently colored, while in ordinal linguistic personification, numbers, days of the week and months of the year evoke personalities.
Indeed, Sathian notes that one study suggests that a popular brand of refrigerator magnets had an influence on what letter - color associations people with this form
of synesthesia developed.
Thus, understanding the
origins of synesthesia may help people with dyslexia or other learning differences, or people who have lost their sight or hearing and are trying to engage in sensory substitution for rehabilitation.
Sathian and collaborator Lynne Nygaard, professor of psychology, are exploring the neural bases of cross-modal correspondences and
of synesthesia using brain imaging studies.
Recent research, however, has documented the
reality of synesthesia and is beginning to make headway into understanding what might cause such unusual perceptions.
A biological determinant may be partially at work in certain
cases of synesthesia, because the condition tends to run in families; moreover, nearly six times as many women as men report synesthesia.
Now scientists have stumbled on a previously unknown form
of synesthesia in which visual flashes or movements trigger perceptions of sound.
A new phenomenon was identified by researchers from the University of Skövde in Sweden and the University of Turku in Finland, who have successfully used hypnosis to induce a functional
analogue of synesthesia.
Of the various
manifestations of synesthesia, the most common involves seeing monochromatic letters, digits and words in unique colorsthis is called grapheme - color synesthesia.
To test whether this
aspect of his synesthesia aids his numerical memory, neuroscientists Vilayanur Ramachandran, Shai Azoulai, and Edward Hubbard at the University of California, San Diego, gave him a series of memory tests in which he had 3 minutes to memorize 100 digits and their locations in a 10 by 10 array.
The most common form
of synesthesia appears to be when someone sees a letter, number or word as a particular color - for example a synesthete might see the word car as sky blue and the number 5 as light green.
The condition presents on a spectrum, with those affected experienced varying different
levels of synesthesia.
He has chromesthesia, a form
of synesthesia where a person associates a sensation (usually hearing) with color.
A colorful, cross-cultural
novel of synesthesia, moving abroad, and self - discovery, Rapeseed was named a finalist for Book of the Year in General Fiction by Foreword Reviews.
With sound and vision in one
display of synesthesia, Child of Eden brings simple, yet intuitive controls together with unique visuals and music that adapts to your playing style.
This seems as clear a statement of the
notion of synesthesia, utilized by many of the historical avant - gardists, specifically Kandinsky, as one could render.
When you allow this freedom, you just might pull an all - nighter or two, blackout in a
blur of synesthesia, experience some brief infighting that leads to a healthy reconciliation and considerations of future processes, and wake up in innovative territory having accidentally uncovered a new line of business.
Cultivating his own
sort of synesthesia, Bavington assigns musical notes to tones of color and compositional elements, so that his paintings seem to pulsate and reverberate with rhythmic bands of synthetic polymer paint.
His whole lecture on brain function is interesting, but the bit on his (world first) scientific
explanation of synesthesia begins at about minute 18, easily found thanks to the nifty Adobe Flash popup contents bar (once you're past the annoying intro music).
The researchers categorize vEAR as a
type of synesthesia, a brain condition in which people's senses are combined.
According to curator Sarah Schmerler, «Like the act of singing in a karaoke club, they might be a bit wonky, off - register — and I hope, induce a
bit of synesthesia.
The ridiculousness is expounded by the glam sixties jazz and future - retro stylings, and for us it's far closer to any
concept of synesthesia than Rez.
One of the most common forms
of synesthesia is when people involuntarily see particular colors in connection with letters, numbers or sounds.
Nevertheless, and beyond the demonstrated ability to rapidly induce — and cancel — a form
of synesthesia, one should avoid drawing general conclusions until further research is carried out.
«There may be other forms
of synesthesia, such as seeing colours for sounds, or hearing sounds in response to visual motion, that are present in non-human animals,» says Hubbard.
I could not find any instances where a synesthete experienced exactly what Robbie Brownlaw does in The Fallen (he sees colored shapes «falling out» of the person's mouth indicating their emotions) but it would seem that such a visual experience is pretty close to that of seeing auras around people - which some scientists now believe could be a form
of synesthesia.
And the artist often speaks of the aroma of various subjects: «the aroma of geography» or «the aroma of memory,» almost like he has a form
of synesthesia, where he can smell intangibles.
This last gives you a glimpse of what a form
of synesthesia might be like, where, in this case, each letter of the alphabet is seen as having a particular colour.