That's interesting because previous brain imaging studies
of synesthetes have suggested that they might have an abnormally high number of neuronal connections.
Not exact matches
The
synesthetes had one
of the most common forms
of the condition, which blends the perception
of sound and color.
No particular genetic variant was shared across all
synesthetes in all three families, suggesting there is no single «synesthesia gene» or set
of genes.
Other forms
of synesthesia exist, which some mirror - touch
synesthetes also may have, Medina says.
How similar were the responses
of the 45
synesthetes to what they actually saw?
What makes synesthesia different from drug - induced hallucinations is that synesthetic sensations are highly consistent: for particular
synesthetes, the note F is always a reddish shade
of rust, a 3 is always pink or truck is always blue.
When shown a display consisting
of monochromatic digits, we found that a
synesthete could quickly find the target because for him was orange but was green (see image).
In contrast,
synesthetes — who reported hearing sounds such as beeps or taps in time with the visual signals — distinguished matching from nonmatching rhythms 75 percent
of the time.
Synesthetes report having unusually good memory for things such as phone numbers, security codes and polysyllabic anatomical terminology because digits, letters and syllables take on such a unique panoply
of colors.
The researchers presented four self - professed
synesthetes and 10 nonsynesthetes with 100 pairs
of Morse code — like rhythmic sequences, each composed
of either auditory beeps or flashes
of white on a black background.
But
synesthetes also report making computational errors because 6 and 8 have the same color and claim to prejudge couples they meet because the colors
of their first names clash so hideously.
In one task, they presented
synesthetes with an array
of equally - spaced letters and digits.
California Institute
of Technology neuroscientists Melissa Saenz and Christof Koch confirmed the existence
of hearing - motion synesthesia, as they dubbed it, by creating a task at which the
synesthetes would have an advantage.
«We all, unconsciously, link together music and vision, but only
synesthetes are consciously aware
of these links,» he says.
He has suggested that such sensory crossover occurs normally in the limbic system, the most primitive, subconscious part
of the brain, but only
synesthetes, due to quirks in blood flow or some other anomaly, are aware
of it.
One was designed by
synesthetes to accompany a piece
of music; the other was designed by nonsynesthetes.
As I understand it, the
synesthete experiences these cross-sensory perceptions in a very real sense - they are not «in the mind's eye» but experienced physically and consistently (e.g. hearing a particular piece
of music would trigger a particular taste every time).
Almost any combination
of the senses is possible - there are
synesthetes who...
The most common form
of synesthesia appears to be when someone sees a letter, number or word as a particular color - for example a
synesthete might see the word car as sky blue and the number 5 as light green.
Almost any combination
of the senses is possible - there are
synesthetes who experience sound in response to smell, others who experience smell in response to touch, and occasional incidents where three or more senses are involved.