Oxygen is a required component of the gasification process, and the hydrogen will be used to enhance the quantity and quality
of the synthetic fuel produced.
A pilot plant in Dresden has started production
of the synthetic fuel Audi e-diesel using water, CO2 and green power — i.e., power - to - liquid (PtL).
Accelergy Corporation has begun production
of a synthetic fuel from coal and biomass, to be evaluated by the United States Air Force (USAF) as the industry benchmark for 100 % synthetic jet fuel.
The first 200 l
of synthetic fuel have now been produced from solar energy and the air's carbon dioxide by Fischer - Tropsch synthesis under the SOLETAIR project.
To date, natural oil still serves as our primary source of fuel, even though a much cleaner alternative exists in the form
of synthetic fuel.
If researchers have a better understanding of the production process
of synthetic fuel, the balance could tip the other way.
For example, the Department of Energy was promoting development
of synthetic fuels from coal, tar sands and oil shale.
Combining the gasification process with Rentech's unique application of proven syngas conditioning and clean - up technology and the patented Rentech Process based on Fischer - Tropsch chemistry, Rentech offers an integrated solution for production
of synthetic fuels from biomass.
A plant in North Dakota that was conceived as part
of a synthetic fuels project in the 1970s takes the excess carbon, in the form of carbon dioxide, and pipes it through to an oil field in Saskatchewan, where it is used to force oil to the surface.
«For example, some environmentalists suggested that all development
of synthetic fuels be terminated until sufficient information becomes available to permit adequate strategic decisions to be made.
As in so many other realms of its research, Exxon studied a potential future
of synthetic fuels while recognizing that carbon dioxide could be a powerful factor in its business decisions for decades to come.
SOEC cells with a proton - conducting electrolyte can operate at lower temperatures and can be used to produce different kinds
of synthetic fuels.
The syngas can then be used for power generation in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants or as a raw material in the chemical industry, for example in the production
of synthetic fuels.
Brandt found that the Shell ICP production process has GHG emissions that are similar to those from tar sands production in Alberta; and that the mining and retorting process has emissions significantly in excess
of synthetic fuels produced from coal and over 4 times the emissions from conventional oil (Table 2).
Not exact matches
Suncor provides a good, diversified example
of the sector — Suncor markets oil sands products from a variety
of operations, both mining and in situ operations, and sells both diluted bitumen and
synthetic products including diesel
fuel.
Minimizes energy consumption by 30 - 70 % per unit
of land by eliminating the energy required to manufacture
synthetic fertilizers, and by using internal farm inputs, thus reducing
fuel used for transportation
Particularly daunting is the production or acquisition
of large volumes
of organic compost for fertilizer;
synthetic fertilizers are not allowed due to high fossil
fuel use in their manufacture and their limited use in promoting healthy soil.
Energy consumption in agriculture includes the direct consumption
of fossil energy (e.g.
fuel and oil), as well as indirect energy consumption (e.g. from the production
of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides).
In order to compare farming systems, they are subdivided into emissions due to burning
of oil and
fuel (direct energy) and the use
of oil and
fuel for the production and transport
of fertilizers, machinery and
synthetic pesticides (indirect energy).
Mark Doriski: Along those same lines, we have a
synthetic lubricant called SpectraSyn Elite that allows us to improve
fuel efficiency both at low temperatures, when you first start up any kind
of machinery — for example, an automobile — and also at high temperatures.
Continental jet 516 — a two - engine Boeing 737 - 800 — completed a two hour test flight out
of Houston today with one engine powered by a 50 - 50 blend
of regular petroleum - based jet
fuel and a
synthetic alternative made from Jatropha and algae.
Ten years later, no one knows what was in the cloud
of gases released by the combustion
of all that jet
fuel and building material but science has revealed what was in the dust — cement, steel, gypsum from drywall, building materials, cellulose from paper,
synthetic molecules from rugs, glass fibers and human hair from the long decades
of the two towers» use, among other items.
«Oil companies have processes to turn this [syngas] into gasoline, diesel
fuel and jet
fuel,» said Rich Masel, CEO
of Dioxide Materials and a retired professor, pointing out how companies like BP PLC have operated
synthetic fuel facilities for 20 years, albeit using natural gas instead
of recycled carbon as a feedstock.
Whether for supersonic fighter jets or commercial airliners, the aviation world has begun a quest for the
fuel of the future, transitioning away from petroleum - derived JP - 8 and Jet A varieties to Fischer - Tropsch
synthetics or biofuels.
Fossil Blends The Air Force, meanwhile, plans to certify its entire fleet
of aircraft on Fischer - Tropsch process
synthetic fuels derived from methane or coal by 2011 and plans to purchase enough such
fuel to power at least 50 percent
of the fleet in the continental U.S. by 2016.
Yet a third player in the emerging algae
fuel market is
Synthetic Genomics, the brainchild
of genomics guru Craig Venter, who beat the U.S. government in sequencing the human genome and at a fraction
of the cost.
Some energy experts worry that the scale
of the incentives could lead to a repeat
of the disastrous effort 30 years ago to underwrite a
synthetic fuels industry.
«You can do
synthetic biology to produce a product, and they tend to be products either that evolution would not have selected for — like a
fuel, for instance — or that evolution would not select to produce enough
of — engineering microbes to produce artemisinin.»
As part
of the largest investment in coal -
fueled synthetic natural gas plants in history, the central Chinese government recently has approved construction
of nine large - scale plants capable
of producing more than 37 billion cubic meters
of synthetic natural gas annually.
Australian scientists have paved the way for carbon neutral
fuel with the development
of a new efficient catalyst that converts carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air into
synthetic natural gas in a «clean» process using solar energy.
«New way to prevent genetically engineered and unaltered organisms from producing offspring: «
Synthetic incompatibility» could boost safety and effectiveness
of applying genetic engineering to control invasive species, produce
fuel, prevent disease and more.»
Thanks to the organism's creation,
synthetic biologists are learning more about customizing cells, such as for development
of highly effective drugs and energy alternatives to fossil
fuels.
As Jiang explained, the efficiency
of coal conversion technologies remains low, and coal - derived liquid
fuels or coal - based
synthetic gas have lost their price advantage due to falling prices for conventional energy sources.
Working in his lab in UD's Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rosenthal and doctoral student John DiMeglio have developed an inexpensive catalyst that uses the electricity generated from solar energy to convert carbon dioxide, a major greenhouse gas, into
synthetic fuels for powering cars, homes and businesses.
How many
of these
synthetic trees worldwide would be needed to soak up the 22 billion tons
of CO2 produced annually from fossil
fuels?
A case in point is the field
of chemical nanomotors [5], where a
synthetic micro - or nanostructure immersed in a chemical
fuel can self - propel and even show chemotaxis (see Fig. 2).
The third is gasification, in which liquid or solid
fuels are first turned into
synthetic natural gas; CO2 from the conversion
of the gas can be siphoned off.
There are actually a number
of companies that are now using
synthetic biology on E. coli and other microbes to try to make
fuel.
If the researchers succeed in creating their
synthetic bacteria, they will be closer to conceiving artificial creatures that could be used to mitigate some
of society's greatest problems, among them climate change and overdependence on fossil
fuels.
«Power - to - liquid: 200 liters
of fuel from solar power and the air's carbon dioxide: Pilot plant produces first
synthetic fuel from solar power and the air's carbon dioxide / KIT spin - off ineratec supplied key component.»
Together with other project partners, KIT and INERATEC also study decentralized production
of high - quality
synthetic fuel from air and renewable power under the «Power - to - X» Kopernikus project funded by the Federal Ministry
of Education and Research.
«What we're doing is opening up, in a more serious way, a pathway to
synthetic fuels from air,» says David Keith, the former University
of Calgary physicist who is the company's founder and executive chairman.
Prior to joining at the DOE JGI, Dr. Yoshikuni was a co-founder and Chief Science Officer at a clean technology start - up, Bio Architecture Lab, Inc. where his significant achievement was using
synthetic biology to develop the first microbial platform technologies enabling to unlock the potential
of macroalgae as highly environmentally sustainable and cost - effective biomass for the production
of renewable
fuels and chemicals.
JBEI has pioneered the development
of advanced routes to the production
of fuels from sugars for use in blendstocks by using
synthetic biology.
Primus Green Energy Inc., developer
of a proprietary process to produce gasoline and other
fuels from biomass and / or natural gas (earlier post), will provide financial support to engineers at Princeton University for general research on
synthetic fuels, which will include... Read more →
A team
of researchers led by University
of Amsterdam (UvA) chemists has developed new Fischer - Tropsch catalysts — consisting
of ultra-thin cobalt shells surrounding inexpensive iron oxide cores — that can be used to produce
synthetic fuels from natural gas and biomass.
A research collaboration between South Africa - based Sasol and the Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the University
of Pretoria (UP) has led to the commissioning
of high - tech equipment to gain better insights into the properties and performance
of synthetic diesel
fuels.
The announcement
of an altered bacterium with
fuel - production abilities is the latest breakthrough in the fast - expanding field
of synthetic biology.
A core group
of 15 commercial airlines has signed non-binding memoranda
of understanding (MOUs) for negotiating purchases from two different producers
of synthetic jet
fuel: AltAir
Fuels LLC and RenTech Inc..
The validation flight was conducted using a 40:60 mix
of Rentech's
synthetic jet
fuel with conventional Jet A
fuel in one
of two engines on an Airbus 319 aircraft.