For example, it is often useful to view the short - end
of the yield curve as being primarily influenced by growth, with the long - end mostly reflecting inflation expectations.
You would be speculating on different points
of the yield curve as your bond aged.
Not exact matches
Especially since the recent behavior
of Japan's key financial market variables (stock indices, the
yield curve and the yen's exchange rate) could be seen
as a sign
of support for reflationary policies.
Since then, longer rates have come closer to being overtaken by short rates, a phenomenon known
as yield curve inversion, which has been a reliable precursor
of past recessions.
«The
yield curve is not nearly
as much
of a concern
as I might have pointed to a couple months ago,» Evans said in Chicago after a speech, in response to a reporter's question.
NEW YORK, Nov 28 - The Federal Reserve faces the challenge
of standing by
as financial markets «correct»
as the central bank trims its asset holdings, U.S. hedge fund manager David Tepper said on Tuesday, adding he was surprised the bond -
yield curve was so flat.
«If the Fed continues to raise rates according to our forecast and the term premium does not recover, the
yield curve would invert by the end
of 2019, potentially
as early
as June
of next year,» they write in a note.
The
yield curve - the plot
of all
of the
yields on Treasury securities
of maturities from four weeks to 30 years - is used
as a signal
of economic health
of the economy.
But the bank has taken more extreme measures, such
as ramping up purchases to more than 40 percent
of the market overall and saying it would control the
yield curve by keeping the 10 - year government bond
yield around 0 percent.
A flattening
yield curve moving toward an inverted
curve traditionally has been seen
as a sign
of a...
Achievement
of these goals was considered by the HRC
as very challenging, even aggressive, given the expected modest economic growth for 2007 for the financial services industry, the impact and duration
of the on - going flat / inverted
yield curve (meaning short - term interest rates that are virtually equal to or exceed long - term interest rates, thus lowering profit margins for financial services companies that borrow cash at short - term rates and lend at long - term rates), potentially higher credit losses, fewer available high - quality, high -
yielding loans and investment opportunities, and a consumer shift from non-interest to interest - bearing deposits.
As a result, the
yield curve flattened and by the end
of December was near inversion for the first time in a decade.
These include financials, which should benefit from a steepening
yield curve, but also segments
of the consumer space and «old economy» companies in sectors such
as industrials and energy.
No corporate issuer, or class
of issuers, is ever likely to be able to provide a
yield curve as well - defined and liquid
as that
of the Commonwealth.
Even
as rates rise in general, the influence
of central banks and expectations for inflation can create short term movements in the
yield curve that can be exploited using systematic style premia.
Bond market geeks refer to this
as a «flattening
of the
yield curve,» meaning that shorter - term interest rates rose while longer - term interest rates fell.
When growth is strong and inflation is falling,
as happened during the 1980s, you could indeed have a «bullish flattening»
of the
yield curve (Federal Reserve Bank
of San Francisco).
The difference between long - term and short - term interest rates is known
as the «slope
of the
yield curve», or «the term spread.»
The Barron's article pointed this out
as well, citing London - based «G+E conomics» head Lena Komileva: «A surplus
of investment funds looking for returns in low -
yield global markets results in a cap on longer - term
yields and a flat
yield curve.»
Also, I've mentioned previously that the long end
of the
yield curve today is probably being influenced by international forces,
as rates are lower overseas.
As the Federal Reserve raises rates, the short end of the yield curve has risen, as one would expec
As the Federal Reserve raises rates, the short end
of the
yield curve has risen,
as one would expec
as one would expect.
The long end
of the
yield curve has risen
as well, perhaps on expectations
of faster inflation.
Dave Altig
of MacroBlog fame suggests NY Fed's Arturo Estrella
yield curve primer: The Yield Curve as a Leading Indic
yield curve primer: The Yield Curve as a Leading Indic
curve primer: The
Yield Curve as a Leading Indic
Yield Curve as a Leading Indic
Curve as a Leading Indicator.
To some extent, stock market action also implies expectations for slower economic growth, though interest rate signals, such
as a flat
yield curve, are more suggestive
of slow growth than stock market action is, and we've yet to see a substantial widening
of credit spreads that would suggest imminent recession.
On the short - side
of the
yield curve, the consensus seems to interpret the Federal Open Market Committee's recent use
of the word «gradual»
as an indication that it will allow inflation to run higher than 2 % in order to make up for the last 20 years
of below - target growth.
Secondary real estate cities outside
of core gateway cities such
as New York, London, Tokyo, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Paris, Hong Kong, Sydney, Seoul, and Shanghai continue to provide opportunities for
yields in markets and asset types that fall farther along the risk
curve than those available in gateway markets that are saturated.
One
of the indicators some economists have their eye on right now is what's known
as the flattening
yield curve — or the difference between long - term and short - term Treasury
yields.
Ashwin Alankar
of Janus Henderson published his latest article «Brace for Steeper
Yield Curves as the Wolves Return,» which highlighted grey wolf's role in maintaining a delicate balance in Yellowstone's ecosystem by keeping population
of herbivores in - check, which in - turn reduced risks
of overgrazing
of young brush and trees in the park.
With the exception
of the very front end
of the
yield curve, Canadian government bond
yields declined,
as did spreads on investment grade corporate bonds.
US Treasury
yields which have been in the focus in the last days are slightly lower today, especially regarding the longer end
of the
curve,
as core durable goods orders came in much lower than expected, even
as the less reliable headline number beat the consensus estimate.
These involve the investor borrowing at the short end
of the
yield curve, particularly in those countries where rates have been very low, such
as the United States, Japan and Switzerland, and investing either further out along the
yield curve or in countries where interest rates have been relatively high, such
as Australia and the United Kingdom.
If Fed liftoff does occur this fall
as I expect, it's most likely to manifest in what is referred to
as a flattening
of the
yield curve.
In doing so, investors are taking on a range
of risks such
as exposure to changes in the shape
of the
yield curve, credit spreads or exchange rates.
As usual, I don't place too much emphasis on this sort of forecast, but to the extent that I make any comments at all about the outlook for 2006, the bottom line is this: 1) we can't rule out modest potential for stock appreciation, which would require the maintenance or expansion of already high price / peak earnings multiples; 2) we also should recognize an uncomfortably large potential for market losses, particularly given that the current bull market has now outlived the median and average bull, yet at higher valuations than most bulls have achieved, a flat yield curve with rising interest rate pressures, an extended period of internal divergence as measured by breadth and other market action, and complacency at best and excessive bullishness at worst, as measured by various sentiment indicators; 3) there is a moderate but still not compelling risk of an oncoming recession, which would become more of a factor if we observe a substantial widening of credit spreads and weakness in the ISM Purchasing Managers Index in the months ahead, and; 4) there remains substantial potential for U.S. dollar weakness coupled with «unexpectedly» persistent inflation pressures, particularly if we do observe economic weaknes
As usual, I don't place too much emphasis on this sort
of forecast, but to the extent that I make any comments at all about the outlook for 2006, the bottom line is this: 1) we can't rule out modest potential for stock appreciation, which would require the maintenance or expansion
of already high price / peak earnings multiples; 2) we also should recognize an uncomfortably large potential for market losses, particularly given that the current bull market has now outlived the median and average bull, yet at higher valuations than most bulls have achieved, a flat
yield curve with rising interest rate pressures, an extended period
of internal divergence
as measured by breadth and other market action, and complacency at best and excessive bullishness at worst, as measured by various sentiment indicators; 3) there is a moderate but still not compelling risk of an oncoming recession, which would become more of a factor if we observe a substantial widening of credit spreads and weakness in the ISM Purchasing Managers Index in the months ahead, and; 4) there remains substantial potential for U.S. dollar weakness coupled with «unexpectedly» persistent inflation pressures, particularly if we do observe economic weaknes
as measured by breadth and other market action, and complacency at best and excessive bullishness at worst,
as measured by various sentiment indicators; 3) there is a moderate but still not compelling risk of an oncoming recession, which would become more of a factor if we observe a substantial widening of credit spreads and weakness in the ISM Purchasing Managers Index in the months ahead, and; 4) there remains substantial potential for U.S. dollar weakness coupled with «unexpectedly» persistent inflation pressures, particularly if we do observe economic weaknes
as measured by various sentiment indicators; 3) there is a moderate but still not compelling risk
of an oncoming recession, which would become more
of a factor if we observe a substantial widening
of credit spreads and weakness in the ISM Purchasing Managers Index in the months ahead, and; 4) there remains substantial potential for U.S. dollar weakness coupled with «unexpectedly» persistent inflation pressures, particularly if we do observe economic weakness.
As the
yields on these bonds change, the «shape»
of the
yield curve changes.
The long end
of the UST
curve is already just
as unenthused
as ever, while the short end expects higher
yields on money substitutes.
Due to this historical correlation, the
yield curve is often seen
as an accurate forecast
of the turning points
of the business cycle.
In Australia, we have come to think
of the downward sloping
yield curve as the norm, and banks have developed cash management - type products to cater for those wishing to capitalise on high short term interest rates.
In April, the long end
of the
yield curve underperformed, and
as municipal bonds have more
of their interest rate exposure coming from the long end, this contributed to their underperformance.
Bernanke has become known for his quote that he would be willing to throw money out
of helicopters to keep an economy from falling into deflation; he is also known
as an advocate
of managing the entire
yield curve actively, not just short - term rates
as is the traditional domain
of central banks.
I think over the past 10 years, due to the zero - interest - rate policies by the global central banks, we have had a massive amount
of debt issuance that's occurred
as investors had been encouraged to go out the
curve or down the credit
curve in order to seek income, seek
yield.
Japan's 10 - year
yield was capped at 0.10 %
as the Bank
of Japan intervened to maintain its
yield curve control policy.
In any case, investors should keep in mind that the stock market's reaction to Fed cuts has historically been dependent on other conditions such
as valuations, economic expectations and the slope
of the
yield curve.
But we prefer shorter - duration Treasuries,
as policy shifts that steepen global
yield curves make us cautious
of longer - duration U.S. government bonds.
It's known
as a
yield curve inversion and typically a sign
of a coming recession.
Since mortgage rates are tied to the longer end
of the Treasury
yield curve,
as those rates rise, we may see demand impacted from higher mortgage rates.
Hence, a flat
yield curve can be seen
as a yardstick
of ineffective policy normalization focusing on the «wrong part
of the term structure.»
As I understand it, and still consider myself a student
of the market (and will most likely always have this approach, to keep me humble) the overall
yield curve is a good indicator.
Thus the
yield curve flattens,
as the pace
of rising two - year
yields has been greater than that
of 10 - year
yields.
And so the
yield curve could possibly approach inversion, but it may or may not occur or stay there very long because at that stage
of the game, the flattening
of the
yield curve will greatly intensify all the other effects — the reduction in the reserve, monetary, and credit aggregates,
as well
as the weakness in velocity.