Sentences with phrase «of tumor subtypes»
«Carefully defining the molecular landscape of these tumor subtypes may guide us in pediatric precision medicine, to better treat children with brain tumors,» said Payal Jain, PhD, a postdoctoral researcher at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP).
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The study indicated that even a small period of breastfeeding reduces the risk of these stubborn tumors, which are more common in younger women and generally have a poorer prognosis than other subtypes of breast cancer.
The findings, which were demonstrated in several major subtypes of melanoma tumors (including BRAF and NRAS melanoma), could lead to drug development strategies that suppress the development of drug resistance.
Then we can look for different treatment options, guided either by a mutation unique to that person's cancer or perhaps unique to that subtype of tumor.
About 60 percent of rhabdomyosarcoma patients have tumors of the embryonal subtype, and about 25 percent have the alveolar subtype.
This method will facilitate the analysis of patient tumors and the selection of the most appropriate therapy based on the individualized features of each patient's cancer subtype.
When researchers screened a library of more than 200 drugs and related compounds for activity against embryonal subtype tumor cells from three patients, the most promising results involved drugs that increased oxidative stress in tumor cells.
«This indicates that therapies for high - grade gliomas should be personalized, that is, based on the tumor subtype instead of applying one treatment to all patients,» he says.
Little is known, however, about the metabolic pathways that drive the growth of individual glioblastoma subtypes — knowledge that is crucial for developing novel and effective targeted therapies that might improve treatment for these lethal tumors.
Horvath and Tell's research is the first reported study to compare breast cancer subtypes and gene expression patterns associated with STAT3 in the tumors of human patients.
Navin's team developed a new sequencing approach called Nuc - Seq, revealing that different subtypes of breast cancer displayed varied tumor diversity.
«What remains unclear is how the exact, same mutation can give rise to different subtypes of tumor.»
Andrechek's federally funded study looked at mice containing all subtypes and compared the makeup of the rodent tumors and the way the genes acted, known as gene expression, to human tumor data.
«Biology of childhood brain tumor subtypes offers clues to precision treatments: Researchers reveal differences among gene fusions in low - grade pediatric brain tumors.»
Different tumor subtypes can include glandular, which include the mammary glands, as well as squamous, which are very rare and involve epithelial cells that line the inside of the breast.
The study also analyzed tumors for expression of PD - L1, a cancer immunotherapy target, and found that sarcomatoid histology, a subtype of the mesothelioma, might be a good candidate for anti-PD-L1 therapy.
«In addition to having a higher prevalence of triple - negative breast cancers than Caucasian women — something that has been documented in previous studies — we found that African American women with breast cancer had a significantly higher prevalence of the TP53 driver mutation, basal tumor subtype and greater genomic diversity within tumors, all of which suggest more aggressive tumor biology,» says Tanya Keenan, MD, of the MGH Cancer Center, lead author of the study.
«In this study we've shown five distinct ways — by quantifying tumor burden, identifying disease subtype, cataloging mutations, predicting transformation and providing early warnings of recurrence — that circulating tumor DNA can yield potentially clinically useful information,» said Diehn.
The screening revealed coibamide A to be capable of killing many types of cancer cells, but Ishmael decided to focus subsequent studies on two types in particular — brain tumors, or glioblastomas, and a breast cancer subtype known as triple negative breast cancer.
About two - thirds of people with the germinal center subtype live for five years or more after diagnosis, while those with activated B - cell - like tumors have a poorer prognosis with current treatment regimes.
«If our findings are confirmed by additional studies, they may open doors to the development of targeted therapies against the tumor subtypes more likely to affect African Americans and potentially help reduce racial disparities in breast cancer.»
The number of mutations within each tumor and the prevalence of the basal - like and mesenchymal stem - like subtypes — all of which suggest more aggressive tumors — was also greater in the tumors of African American patients.
«Researchers inhibit tumor growth in new subtype of lung cancer: Insight into tumor suppressing and tumor promoting mechanisms offers potential for new treatments.»
«Areas of glioblastoma tumors correlate with separate subtypes of glioma stem cells.»
A team of UNC researchers and collaborating researchers from three other institutions — Washington University in St. Louis, the University of Utah and the BC Cancer Agency — designed this test that categorizes breast tumors into one of four main subtypes by looking at the expression of 50 genes.
Swanton says he hopes the findings will eventually lead to the development of a «rule book» on ccRCC tumor evolution that will allow clinicians to quickly identify which subtype a patient has and then provide an accurate prognosis.
Finally, 2 % of tumors were of the rare normal - like subtype, which couldn't be comprehensively studied with so few samples.
The authors undertook a higher - resolution survey of these associations within tumor subtypes, finding known driver events, such as amplifications of MYC, CCND1, ERBB2, and CCNE1 and deletions of PTEN and MDM2, as well as putative but suggestive events involving MDM1, MDM4, CDK3, CDK4, PI4KB, NCOR1, and others.
The Cancer Genome Atlas study encompasses more than 500 primary tumors representing the four intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer: Luminal A, Luminal B, Her2 - enriched, and Basal - like.
Tumors can also be assigned to subgroups on the basis of gene expression: a 50 - gene assay called PAM50 is widely used to classify tumors as one of 4 - 5 «intrinsic» subTumors can also be assigned to subgroups on the basis of gene expression: a 50 - gene assay called PAM50 is widely used to classify tumors as one of 4 - 5 «intrinsic» subtumors as one of 4 - 5 «intrinsic» subtypes.
Only three genes (TP53, PIK3CA, and GATA3) were mutated in 10 % or more of all tumors; grouping them by gene expression (intrinsic) subtype uncovered a number of subtype - specific events.
Although grouping of patients by subtype is an important first step toward developing personalized treatments, limited tumor subtyping resources are currently available.
The copy number high subtype was composed of mostly serous tumors, but included some endometrioid samples.
My laboratory studies the biology of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive subtype of brain tumors.
A common misconception about the research field is that a tumor stem cell is actually a subtype of stem cell and that hence, cancer derives from stem cells.
Doctors are already using drugs, such as Herceptin, that specifically target malfunctioning genetic pathways in tumors, but no such therapies are currently available for certain aggressive forms of the disease, such as the triple negative subtype.
The primary tumor location was an independent prognostic marker in patients with RAS wild - type metastatic colorectal cancer after adjusting for age, gender, synchronous / metachronous disease, consensus molecular subtype, and microsatellite instability and molecular status, according to the results of an analysis (abstract 3503) of data from CALGB / SWOG 80405 presented at the 2017 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting.
The researchers found that non-Hispanic white women were more likely to have smaller tumors, and more likely to have the less - aggressive HR + / HER2 - subtype of breast cancer, compared with African - American women, who were more likely to have large tumors, more likely to have the aggressive triple - negative breast cancer, and 40 to 70 percent more likely to be diagnosed at stage 4 of all subtypes of breast cancer.
A comprehensive genomic analysis of nearly 400 endometrial tumors revealed 4 novel endometrial tumor subtypes and also found similarities to other cancers.
For some types of cancer, the existence of certain subtypes had not been known until researchers began to profile the genomes of tumor cells.
There was also variation based on histology, with the highest rate of local recurrence at about a year after surgery seen in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST), followed by myxofibrosarcoma; both those types saw persistently elevated rates compared to other subtypes out beyond 5 years.
Breast Cancer Cell Line Classification and Its Relevance with Breast Tumor Subtyping Xiaofeng Dai, Hongye Cheng, Zhonghu Bai, Jia Li Journal of Cancer 2017; 8:3131 - 3141
The authors examined interactions between tumor proliferation levels (Ki67), histological categories, intrinsic subtype, and somatic alterations in these two categories of tumors.
«This comes at a time when unprecedented development of novel immune agents is intersecting with our deeper understanding of colorectal molecular subtypes and of the complexities of the tumor microenvironment.»
Cell lineage tracing analysis helped researchers identify early endothelial cells as the cell of origin for the tumor subtype.
A network of transcription factors may drive different subtypes of aggressive bladder cancer, allowing researchers to turn one type of tumor into another
Our experts leveraged enormous amounts of tumor profiling data to identify the validated therapies that are most likely to be effective against this subtype of NSCLC.
16) Lockwood WW †, Wilson IM, Coe BP, Chari R, Pikor LA, Thu KL, Solis LM, Nunez MI, Behrens C, Yee J, English J, Murray N, Tsao MS, Minna J, Gazdar AF, Wistuba II, MacAulay CE, Lam S, Lam WL (2012) Divergent genomic and epigenomic landscapes of lung cancer subtypes underscore the selection of different oncogenic pathways during tumor development.
Topics that will be explored include: • Cellular and developmental origins of pediatric cancer • Key findings of pan-cancer analysis efforts • Computational pipelines to analyze large - scale sequencing data • Opportunities for leveraging existing cancer genomics datasets • Strategies for integrative analysis of germline and somatic variants • Correlation of germline / somatic variation to clinical features such as tumor subtype.
The data presented in this article suggests that tumor subtype needs to be taken into account during treatment design as blocking angiogenesis and therefore increasing tumor hypoxia may be beneficial in the treatment of ER - α — negative breast cancer but could have catastrophic effects on ER - α — positive breast cancer.