Sentences with phrase «of tumor vaccines»

We are leaders in the field of cancer immunotherapy and the development of tumor vaccines and new antibodies, working to activate the human body's own immune system to fight cancer.

Not exact matches

Led by Nina Bhardwaj, M.D., director of immunotherapy, the Personalized Genomic Vaccine trial uses the genetic sequence of a patient's tumor to create a customized vVaccine trial uses the genetic sequence of a patient's tumor to create a customized vaccinevaccine.

BioNTech hit the headlines in July when its experimental personalized cancer vaccine, tailored to the tumors of individual patients, kept disease in check in an early - stage clinical trial.

As researchers learn more about genetic profile of various cancers, other work is charging ahead to deliver personalized vaccines targeted to a patient's own tumor cells

Tanyi and colleagues therefore hope in future to enhance the effectiveness of their vaccine by combining it with other drugs that deactivate tumor anti-immune defenses.

Most cancer vaccines developed to date have been designed to recognize and attack a specific known molecule — such as a cell - surface receptor — that is likely to be found on cancerous cells in any patient with that type of tumor.

The personalized vaccine is made from patients» own immune cells, which are exposed in the laboratory to the contents of the patients» tumor cells, and then injected into the patients to initiate a wider immune response.

The vaccine harnesses the natural process of T - cell immunity to tumors, but enhances it to help overcome tumors» formidable defenses.

Each vaccine is essentially personalized for the individual patient, using the patient's own tumor which has a unique set of mutations and thus a unique presentation to the immune system.

Tumors typically have a repertoire of molecular defenses they can use to suppress or evade immune attacks, which is why cancer vaccines and immunotherapies have had mixed results in clinical trials to date.

As reported at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting in June, the vaccine, together with radiation and chemotherapy, prevented the brain tumor from reemerging after surgery for 12 months as compared with the typical six to seven months with no vaccine.

After years of speculation about the promise of cancer vaccines as a way to use the immune system against tumors, the United States will soon see its first cancer vaccine hit the market.

Moderna is also doing animal safety tests of a personalized cancer vaccine that would code for immune - activating proteins unique to a person's cancer cells, based on genetic sequencing of their tumor.

CTL119 manufacturing begins with a patient's own T cells, some of which are removed and then reprogrammed in Penn's Clinical Cell and Vaccine Production Facility with a gene transfer technique designed to teach the T cells to target and kill tumor cells.

To make the vaccine, cancer cells are harvested from a tumor after surgery and stripped of their proteins; then those proteins are cultured with dendritic cells, a subclass of white blood cells, drawn from the patient's blood.

The Cancer Vaccine Collaborative is working on treatments that target multiple cancer antigens, which should trigger a more aggressive immune response and increase the odds of defeating tumors.

Second, we believe the vaccine may be particularly beneficial for a group of patients with the HLA - A2 type, which suggests that as we move forward, there may be advantages in targeting this population,» said John Yu, MD, vice chair of the Department of Neurosurgery, director of surgical neuro - oncology, medical director of the Brain Tumor Center and neurosurgical director of the Gamma Knife Program at Cedars - Sinai.

In the new study, scientists built upon previous discoveries that a safe, non-reproducing vaccine strain of T. gondii could cure mice of several types of solid tumors, and identified which parasite proteins and which immunological pathways are required to break immune tolerance.

Principal Investigator John Morris, MD, clinical co-leader of the Molecular Therapeutics and Diagnosis Program for the CCC, co-leader of the UC Cancer Institute's Comprehensive Lung Cancer Program, professor in the division of hematology oncology at the UC College of Medicine and UC Health medical oncologist, says a number of antitumor vaccines have shown promise for causing immune responses against tumor antigens to improve patient outcomes.

In a 2011 vaccine trial of patients whose primary pancreatic tumors were surgically removed, «we found antibodies against annexin A2 in those who had received the vaccine and who also had demonstrated long - term, disease - free survival after receiving the vaccines,» explains Zheng.

This approach could be especially useful for delivering HIV vaccines and for stimulating the body's immune system to attack tumors, says Irvine, who is also a member of MIT's Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research.

To make the vaccine, researchers took a sample of a patient's tumors, which in this trial were made up of B cells (white blood cells that help the body battle disease and infection).

What's more, IL - 33 and the DNA vaccine augmented immunological responses in both CD4 helper T cells and CD8 killer T cells, with a large proportion of CD8 killer T cells demonstrating a further improvement in the ability of DNA vaccines to drive the immune system to kill tumor cells in animals.

DNA vaccines have been studied in animal models of viral, bacterial, and parasitic disease, as well as animal models of tumors.

Identifying those two molecular targets could help in the design of better vaccine strategies and tumor immunotherapies.»

When injected into mice that were then given a subsequent injection of lymphoma cells, the 3D vaccine generated a potent immune response and delayed tumor growth.

Compared to a bolus injection containing the same drugs and antigens (but no scaffold), the 3D vaccine was more effective at preventing tumor growth, with 90 % of mice receiving the 3D vaccine still alive at 30 days compared with only 60 % of mice given the bolus injection.

Another possibility that Irvine's lab is working on is developing treatments that could be used against tumors even when scientists don't know of a specific vaccine target for that type of tumor.

Using this approach as a template, researchers could substitute other types of antibodies and vaccines to target different tumors.

Antibodies stimulate the recruitment of additional immune cells that help to activate T cells; the vaccine stimulates proliferation of T cells that can attack the tumor; IL - 2 helps the T cell population to expand quickly; and the anti-PD1 molecule helps T cells stay active longer.

The resulting treatment consists of four parts: an antibody targeted to the tumor; a vaccine targeted to the tumor; IL - 2; and a molecule that blocks PD1, a receptor found on T cells.

In a previous study, investigators at the Cancer Institute showed that using a vaccine treatment for bladder and breast cancer tumors in laboratory models resulted in a reversal of the traditional immune blockade, as well as the development of tumor specific immunity throughout the body.

«Instead of administering a cancer vaccine to destroy tumors, we hope to modify the immune system to allow the patient's own tumor to act as a cancer vaccine,» said Hyung Lae Kim, MD, co-medical director of the Urologic Oncology Program and lead author of the study.

Forty days later, the tumors in the immunized mice were one - tenth the size of those in the animals that did not get the vaccine.

Patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treated with an experimental vaccine made from the patient's own resected tumor tissue showed an improved survival compared with historical patients who received the standard of care alone, according to an analysis of a phase 2 trial of this vaccine that was recently published in the journal Neuro - Oncology and accompanied by an editorial highlighting the importance of the trial.

Research from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey shows that the «first in human» series of vaccine injections given directly into a pancreatic cancer tumor is not only well tolerated, but also suggests an «encouraging» period of stable disease.

Applying this tool to the six patients» tumor samples yielded dozens of unique neoantigens for each patient's personal vaccine.

Most importantly, many of the T cells were able to recognize the tumor cells directly, demonstrating that the vaccine had triggered a tumor - specific immune response that could target the patient's tumor.

A personal cancer treatment vaccine that targets distinctive «neoantigens» on tumor cells has been shown to stimulate a potent, safe, and highly specific immune anti-tumor response in melanoma patients, report scientists from Dana - Farber Cancer Institute and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard.

To supply tumor cells for the vaccine, such patients would still have to undergo surgical removal of their tumors.

Scientists will probably have to find a way to make larger supplies of vaccine with a limited supply of tumor cells, Tanyi said.

Timed sequential treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and an allogeneic granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor - secreting breast tumor vaccine: a chemotherapy dose - ranging study of safety and immune activation.

The symposium features presentations by Philippa Marrack and John Kappler talking on the T cell repertoire; William Paul on interleukin 4 as a prototypic immunoregulatory cytokine; Timothy Springer on lymphocyte trafficking; Pamela Bjorkman on structural studies of MHC and MHC - related proteins, and Jack Strominger on peptide presentation by class I and II MHC proteins; Thierry Boon on genes coding for tumor rejection antigens, including the first tumor antigen, MAGE - 1; and Philip Greenberg on the modification of T cells for adoptive therapy by retroviral - mediated gene insertion Since then, the symposia series has attracted leading immunologists in the cancer vaccine and antibody fields, providing them with a comprehensive view of the promises and challenges in the development of cancer immunotherapies.

Yasuaki Tamura, working with colleagues in the laboratory of Pramod Srivastava, demonstrates that tumor - derived heat shock protein - peptide vaccines can be used to treat a wide array of pre-existing tumors in mice.

Being both tumor - specific and widely expressed in human tumors, MAGE - A3 is an ideal cancer vaccine target and will be the focus of many clinical trials, including the largest clinical trial ever conducted in lung cancer, MAGRIT, launched by GlaxoSmithKline in 2007.

As demonstrated by the breadth of clinical trial involvement shown above, CCIR members are testing the utility of immune checkpoint blockade in lymphoma (shown by Dr. Allison to be effective against melanoma), genetic engineering in cell therapy (e.g., CD19, CXCR2, TGF - β DNR), and TLR agonists or IL - 2 in vaccine formulations as well as some novel combination therapies, such as the infusion of tumor - reactive lymphocytes from HLA - matched donors who were vaccinated with a lymphoma idiotype.

Pramod K. Srivastava demonstrates the role of heat - shock proteins in tumor immunity and forms the company Antigenics (now Agenus) to explore their potential in cancer vaccines.

We need a new type of vaccine that uses select components of a microbe or tumor cell or other cause of disease, and administers these with other defined substances, such as adjuvants, that directly exploit immunology.»

Drew Pardoll, Glenn Dranoff, Elizabeth Jaffee, Hyam Levitsky, and colleagues conduct preclinical studies showing that a vaccine composed of tumor cells irradiated and genetically modified to produce immune system growth factor GM - CSF (granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor)-- which would become known as the therapeutic cancer vaccine GVAX — could induce potent, specific, and long - lasting anti-tumor immunity in multiple mouse tumor models.

The immune system usually fails to detect and attack cancerous tumors, and consequently many cancer treatments are currently being developed that stimulate the immune system to fight back (e.g. the growing field of cancer vaccines).