RUSH Turbulence: RUSHing leaves a disruptive wake
of turbulent air behind ABILITY Touchdown: Timed boost landings are more effective TRAIT Spiral: Earn RUSH directly from performing barrel rolls
VORTEX — Turbulence: RUSHing leaves a disruptive wake
of turbulent air behind — Touchdown: Timed boost landings are more effective — Spiral: Earn RUSH directly from performing barrel rolls
To my eyes, it seemed that there was still quite a lot
of turbulent air flowing around the body of the Civic, but the quality of my aerodynamic analysis could be one of the reasons why I shoot cars for a living rather than design them.
VORTEX — Turbulence: RUSHing leaves a disruptive wake
of turbulent air behind — Touchdown: Timed boost landings are more effective — Spiral: Earn RUSH directly from performing barrel rolls
At the planet's equator is a layer
of turbulent air flow, which smoothes out at higher latitudes, notes Fred Taylor, a University of Oxford physicist and interdisciplinary scientist for the Venus Express mission.
Not exact matches
Felder shoots off the end
of the ramp, leaning into the
turbulent air above the white valley.
The lasers themselves could be located up to a few hundred meters away from the radioactive source, Isaacs said, as long as line -
of - sight was maintained and the
air was not too
turbulent or polluted with aerosols.
The researchers found that on windy nights it wasn't possible to measure the cooling effects
of the green spaces beyond their boundaries as there was too much
turbulent mixing
of the
air; but on calm warm nights they estimate that a network
of green spaces
of around 3 - 5 hectares each situated 100 - 150 m apart would provide comprehensive cooling for a city with a climate and characteristics similar to London.
An instrument - laden light aircraft penetrated the towering smoke plume
of the fire, registering an 80 mile per hour updraft
of hot, buoyant
air, followed by a
turbulent downdraft.
Congressional leaders back in the politically
turbulent 1970s managed to pass sweeping laws to ensure clean
air and water, protect endangered species and keep toxic substances out
of everyday household products.
That thin layer
of turbulence acts as a lubricant that allows the rest
of the
air to flow smoothly all the way around the ball, minimizing the size
of the
turbulent wake and the drag — a phenomenon known as the drag crisis.
Above a certain speed — measured by a parameter called the Reynolds number, which accounts for ball's size and the
air's viscosity — the
air on the surface
of the ball itself becomes
turbulent.
Derived from a Spanish word meaning «direct» or straight ahead,» it describes a forward - moving band
of turbulent weather that feeds on the warm, moist
air in front
of it, creating a cycle
of warming and cooling that can whip up violent winds and drive itself for hundreds
of miles in a single direction.
Uneven heating
of the ground and
air generates
turbulent airflows that keep sediment aloft.
Dominique Martinez, a researcher at the Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications, commenting on the study in Nature, notes that when encountering odor plumes in
turbulent air, the rate
of information gain may be similar to chemotaxis» concentration gradient.
«The hexagon is just a current
of air, and weather features out there that share similarities to this are notoriously
turbulent and unstable,» Andrew Ingersoll, a Cassini imaging team member at the California Institute
of Technology in Pasadena, said in a statement.
«The hexagon is just a current
of air, and weather features out there that share similarities to this are notoriously
turbulent and unstable,» Andrew Ingersoll, a Cassini imaging team member at the California Institute
of Technology, said in a statement in 2013.
And in order to increase airflow into the side mounted radiators the
turbulent air that exits from the wheel arches is directed into larger
air - intakes ahead
of the rear wheels, within the intakes the radiators, which are the same size as those in a 650S, have been tuned through four - degrees to increase efficiency.
Turbulent and disruptive
air built up within the front wheel arches is accelerated out through the opening in the back
of the front wheel arches.
The aerodynamic work is similarly extensive, with an 80 - percent larger front splitter complete with F1 - style end plates, new side skirts that settle
turbulent air created by the front wheels, larger side
air intakes to feed the intercoolers (tilted outward to enhance efficiency) and,
of course, the larger airbrake.
This sharp styling line defines the tunnel base and keeps
turbulent air from below out
of the tunnel itself.
This is the world's first draught - stop system that enables different comfort levels to be selected for two occupants, as the driver and passenger can individually pivot the units to the centre
of the vehicle in a flash, thus taming
turbulent air flow from the rear.
It's not just a warm - weather car, either, with heated seats and the airscarf warm -
air vent integrated into the headrests
of the seats, optional ventilated seats (maybe) and the option (yes, for sure)
of a small, glass wind - stopper that slots between the rollover bars to stop
turbulent air hitting people in the backs
of their heads.
Further back, the floor also features an additional small vane directly ahead
of the rear tyres to direct
air away from the
turbulent area.
In place
of exhaust pipes, there are rear vents that help to channel
turbulent air from the rear wheel arches into the vehicle's wake, as well as a rear diffuser.
There's also Airguide, a new draught - stop system consisting
of pivoting transparent plastic layers attached to the reverse
of the roll - over bars — the driver or passenger can swing them to the centre
of the vehicle in a flash to tame
turbulent air flow.
In the
turbulent air behind the arrival
of the 641bhp Lamborghini Urus, we can now tell you that there's a plug - in hybrid on the way, too.
The lack
of rain or clouds meant there was no
turbulent air.
Whether the installation represents the
turbulent journey associated with cancer diagnosis or the infinite life
of plastic garbage in our oceans, the installation's place suspended in the
air serves as a symbolic reminder that pollution and cancer are issues hanging over all
of our heads.
In Gallery II, a large, wall - based sculpture
of colorful ceramic disks on rotating arms titled, THIS ONE GOES OUT ACROSS THE SEMAPHORE SPECTRUM, simultaneously takes form as a double solar system model or an antiquated signal device used to communicate
turbulent atmospheric conditions to pilots in
air or at sea.
It is conceivable that
turbulent mixing
of the
air will produce small pockets
of air with higher formation rates, in a same fashion as
air with different impurities did in the experiments
of Enghoff et al..
If Victor wasn't so stupid & trollish I would suggest Rob Painting's «How Increasing Carbon Dioxide Heats The Ocean» over on SkS and, by way
of preparation, the added quote from IPCC AR5 WG1 3.4.1 «The net
air — sea heat flux is the sum
of two
turbulent (latent and sensible) and two radiative (shortwave and longwave) components.»
4) CO2 has a molecular weight
of 12 + O2 = 44 so it 50 % heavier than
air but that is not enough to cause it separate out, particularly in the
turbulent conditions
of the troposphere.
Professor Giles Harrison, who led an international research team including scientists from the University
of Reading's Meteorology department, the Met Office and the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, said: «The sky is often full
of clues to weather changes, and asperitas provides distinctive visualisation
of complex and
turbulent air motions in the lower atmosphere.»
So while the general idea
of turbulence in
air is correct, your calculation underestimates the tendency for
turbulent flow.
Using the Reynolds number above in your calculation, you can see that
turbulent flow in
air would happen (at a height
of 1m above ground) at a velocity
of 0.0315 m / s.
The
air itself is mainly just limiting the rate
of heat loss, more
turbulent mixing and a higher flow rate just enhances the rate
of loss.
One
of the most important factors in cloud dynamics, for example, is entrainment, which is when convecting clouds take environmental
air and fold it into themselves as they are rising — a
turbulent exchange
of air between clouds and their environment.
Turbulent mixing
of warm
air downward likely more common in recent years due to roughness changes, urbanization, sensible heat flux from warm, dark, irrigated vegetation etc..
Personally, I don't think the difference between
turbulent and laminar flow is all that significant for this issue: In either case, you're going to be mixing
air of one temperature («outside») with
air of another («inside»).
Low pressure, high temperature
air will always have the lowest density and rise to the top, and because
air is a poor conductor
of heat the
air will stratify hot on top down to cooler on the bottom — an inverted lapse — until one gets to a
turbulent zone that turns over diurnally.
But a source
of great complexity in our spinning,
turbulent, inhomogeneous
air is the fact that it is largely heated from below, differentially by latitude, by surface properties, by cloud cover, and by time
of day and time
of year.
Weather in the boundary layer is quite similar to the rest
of the troposphere, but it's generally windier (more «
turbulent») and the
air tends to have more water content.
They are calculated as daily
turbulent air - sea fluxes over global oceans with a spatial resolution
of 0.25 ° in longitude and latitude.
The
air - sea interface «is typically the most
turbulent part
of the ocean,» Clayson said.
Instantaneous
turbulent thermal transfer is the result
of instantaneous vertical movement (
of air or water), multiplied by the thermal energy content.
You can have a long period
of cold
air at the surface with little
turbulent mixing and little energy transfer, followed by a short period
of a warm surface and lots
of turbulence and energy transfer - ending with a time average
of warm over cold, but a time average
of upward energy transfer.
Still spinning turbines should create
turbulent mixing
of the warmer
air at circa 100M with the cooler ground surface.
This layer embeds most
of the planetary boundary layer (PBL), which is affected by the surface friction and
turbulent mixing, whereas the
air above represents the free atmosphere (Schneider and Dickinson 1974).
It is going to be noisy,
turbulent when big trucks go by, and the
air will be full
of particulates and carcinogenic diesel fuel.