Taking into account the range
of uncertainty in the forecast, it is very likely that 2015 will be one of the warmest years in a series dating back to 1880.
Then, almost as a joke: «The OBR notes that there is a higher than usual degree
of uncertainty in this forecast.»
Over decades, improvements in observations of the present climate, reconstructions of ancient climate, and computer models that simulate past, current, and future climate have reduced
some of the uncertainty in forecasting how rising temperatures will ripple through the climate system.
Not exact matches
The majority
of banks and economists have
forecast a UK recession
in the wake
of Britain's shock decision to leave the European Union, as investment and trade suffer from the
uncertainty around the country's future.
Singapore downgraded its
forecasts on economic growth and exports for 2016 after confirming a contraction
in output
in the third quarter, raising the risk
of a recession amid fresh
uncertainty around global trade under U.S. President - elect Donald Trump.
However, given the
uncertainties caused by the financial crisis, the Harper Government introduced the «risk adjustment factor»
in its October 2010 Update
of Economic and Fiscal Projections, whereby the average
of the private sector economic
forecasts for nominal GDP was adjusted downwards for fiscal planning purposes.
Including a risk factor
in the PBO
forecast to allow for
uncertainties in achieving spending reductions would eliminate the PBO
forecast of a surplus
in 2015 - 16
Apart from the
uncertainty associated with the risks noted above and the lack
of credible prudence
in the budget projections, we continue to believe that the
forecast for «other revenues» is overstated and that for «direct program expenses» is understated.
Both studies came to the same basic conclusion: that the risks and
uncertainties involved
in budget
forecasting were simply too large to allow for a high level
of forecast accuracy.
While the industry waits for metals prices and demand to pick up again — which some
forecasts are predicting could start
in the second half
of 2009 — Ryan Montpellier, executive director
of the Mining Industry Human Resources Council (MiHR) is hoping the bad news and
uncertainty don't scare too many people off.
It's also the greatest source
of uncertainty in the overall
forecast.
Since the average error
in a 2 - day
forecast is about 90 miles, it is important to remember that the models may still have additional shifts, and one must pay attention to the NHC cone
of uncertainty.
Powell has
in the past expressed a view that Fed communication «should do more to emphasize the
uncertainty that surrounds all economic
forecasts, should downplay short - term tactical questions such as the timing
of the next rate increase, and should focus the public's attention instead on the considerations that go into making policy across the range
of plausible paths for the economy.»
Overall, the IMF's prediction for global growth
of 3.1 %
in 2016 remained subdued, with the institution citing the
uncertainty created by the United Kingdom's decision to leave the European Union (EU) and slower - than - expected US growth as restraining factors since its last set
of forecasts in April.
Moreover, for all the
uncertainties of long - term population
forecasting, the likely change
in size and composition
of a national population can be predicted over the course
of the coming calendar year with far greater certainty than can changes
in the harvest, the gross national product, the unemployment rate, the foreign exchange rate, or the demand for any particular product.
But there is
uncertainty associated with all the
forecasts and some forecasters are trying to estimate the extent
of that
uncertainty, which
in turn can be used to calculate probabilities
of particular events (hung parliament, largest party, etc..)
The severity
of that decline is likely to be a short term response to heightened
uncertainty - even the severe
forecast on Britain leaving the single market only suggests a 2.4 % rise
in unemployment from where it would have been
in 2018.
These changes happen
in every electoral cycle and are the reason that decades
of forecasts of new settlements, moulds being broken and unprecedented
uncertainty are usually wrong.
«While there is some
uncertainty regarding the size, position and timing
of this year's hypoxic zone
in the Gulf, the
forecast models are
in overall agreement that hypoxia will be larger than we have typically seen
in recent years.»
But although Velders and other scientists routinely acknowledge the
uncertainty in their
forecasts, «that's not what politicians do,» says Durwood Zaelke, president
of the Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development
in Washington, D.C., which backed aggressive HFC reductions.
As we mentioned briefly, that leads to a «sweet spot» for
forecasting of a couple
of decades into the future where the initial condition
uncertainty dies away, but the
uncertainty in the emission scenario is not yet so large as to be dominating.
In September, the observed CO2 concentration
of 401.01 was slightly below our central
forecast, but still within our published
uncertainty bounds.
While there is always
uncertainty in population projections, Australia's total population as well as the number
of births is
forecast to grow over the long term [13].
Furthermore, we unequivocally find statistically significant correlations
in out -
of - sample international and emerging markets similar to those we find
in U.S. markets, although the timing signal has unsurprising
uncertainty in any
forecast of alpha (it's pretty noisy).
In Andrew Revkin's article today entitled «In Greenland, Ice and Instability», there is the quote: Eric Rignot, a longtime student of ice sheets at both poles for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said he hoped the public and policymakers did not interpret uncertainty in the 21st - century forecast as reason for complacency on the need to limit risks by cutting emission
In Andrew Revkin's article today entitled «
In Greenland, Ice and Instability», there is the quote: Eric Rignot, a longtime student of ice sheets at both poles for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said he hoped the public and policymakers did not interpret uncertainty in the 21st - century forecast as reason for complacency on the need to limit risks by cutting emission
In Greenland, Ice and Instability», there is the quote: Eric Rignot, a longtime student
of ice sheets at both poles for NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said he hoped the public and policymakers did not interpret
uncertainty in the 21st - century forecast as reason for complacency on the need to limit risks by cutting emission
in the 21st - century
forecast as reason for complacency on the need to limit risks by cutting emissions.
There are
uncertainties in parts
of the general circulation models used to
forecast future climate, but thousands
of scientists have made meticulous efforts to make sure that the processes are based on observations
of basic physics, laboratory measurements, and sound theoretical calculations.
-- A new post on ClimateEthics.org argues, as others have before, for another uncomfortable reality: Complacency is not an ethical response to the persistent
uncertainty clouding
forecasts of harmful impacts from the continuing buildup
of human - generated greenhouse gases
in the atmosphere.
I contacted Dr. Alley last night to see where he'll focus
in coming years, and he stressed the importance
of two things — bridging the persistent gap between scientists and the public on climate and working to reduce persistent
uncertainties in climate
forecasts: Read more...
In other words, it is possible that the the climate system does exhibit some kind of long - term chaos in some circumstances, but that the forcing is strong enough to wipe out any significant uncertainty due to initial conditions — at least if one is content to forecast statistical quantities such as, for example, decadal mean January temperatures in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar perio
In other words, it is possible that the the climate system does exhibit some kind
of long - term chaos
in some circumstances, but that the forcing is strong enough to wipe out any significant uncertainty due to initial conditions — at least if one is content to forecast statistical quantities such as, for example, decadal mean January temperatures in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar perio
in some circumstances, but that the forcing is strong enough to wipe out any significant
uncertainty due to initial conditions — at least if one is content to
forecast statistical quantities such as, for example, decadal mean January temperatures
in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar perio
in some suitably large region, or perhaps temperature variances or quartiles taken over a similar period.
A new post on ClimateEthics.org argues, «Complacency is not an ethical response to the persistent
uncertainty clouding
forecasts of harmful impacts from the continuing buildup
of human - generated greenhouse gases
in the atmosphere.»
Interpretation
of the ensemble, including successive
forecasts, helps assess
uncertainty and confidence
in the
forecast.
The models don't by any means capture the
uncertainty in their
forecasts, and their are a large number
of other sources
of uncertainty in the models used to
forecast emissions from concentrations).
Gernot Wagner, an economist at the Environmental Defense Fund and Co-author
of «Climate Shock,» which focuses on why
uncertainty in warming
forecasts is no reason to relax, sent these thoughts:
For example, a storm embedded
in a confluent large - scale flow (i.e. one whose streamlines tend to converge) will generally have less directional track
forecast uncertainty, though the timing
of the progress
of the storm along its track may suffer.
However if the
uncertainty is
of the same order as the signal
in the
forecast (scenario if you will) then the meaning
of the
forecast is pretty much nil.
In comparing the track forecasts for Isaac with that for Katrina, he noted how much of what is called the «cone of uncertainty» — the wide area over which the track could range — had shrunk in comparing the forecasts seven years apar
In comparing the track
forecasts for Isaac with that for Katrina, he noted how much
of what is called the «cone
of uncertainty» — the wide area over which the track could range — had shrunk
in comparing the forecasts seven years apar
in comparing the
forecasts seven years apart.
Develop models and probabilistic
forecasting tools to quantify
uncertainties in the atmospheric drivers, surface characteristics, and soil properties that control the timing and extent
of permafrost thaw
in the next few decades and centuries.
Professor Curry has led debate
in the science community about the process
of reviewing climate change, including giving testimony before the US house subcommittee on environment this year, remarking on the many large
uncertainties in forecasting future climate.
Limited visibility on the amount
of capacity
in upcoming auctions
in some markets present a
forecast uncertainty, the IEA adds.
While climate science can effectively inform us about the range
of possible consequences
of a warming world, there is a large amount
of irresolvable
uncertainty inherent
in climate
forecasting.
In fact, most uncertainties in the alarmist pseudo-science are internal contradictions and consequences of its shoddy practices: cherry picking data, making conclusions based on statistically insignificant observations, declaring trends based on variations that are within error margins, relying on computer models that contradict principles of the information theory, forging forecasts for unreasonably long time periods, etc
In fact, most
uncertainties in the alarmist pseudo-science are internal contradictions and consequences of its shoddy practices: cherry picking data, making conclusions based on statistically insignificant observations, declaring trends based on variations that are within error margins, relying on computer models that contradict principles of the information theory, forging forecasts for unreasonably long time periods, etc
in the alarmist pseudo-science are internal contradictions and consequences
of its shoddy practices: cherry picking data, making conclusions based on statistically insignificant observations, declaring trends based on variations that are within error margins, relying on computer models that contradict principles
of the information theory, forging
forecasts for unreasonably long time periods, etc..
[20] This problem becomes particularly severe for
forecasts of the weather about 10 days
in advance, [21] particularly if model
uncertainty is not accounted for
in the
forecast.
You have to remember that the 5 year
forecast is derived from a large number
of individual runs each with slightly different starting conditions matching the range
of the observational
uncertainty in the real starting conditions.
Initial condition
uncertainty arises due to errors
in the estimate
of the starting conditions for the
forecast, both due to limited observations
of the atmosphere, and
uncertainties involved
in using indirect measurements, such as satellite data, to measure the state
of atmospheric variables.
Improvements
in seasonal
forecasting practice arising from recent research include accurate initialization
of snow and frozen soil, accounting for observational
uncertainty in forecast verification, and sea - ice thickness initialization using statistical predictors available
in real time.
Edward Epstein recognized
in 1969 that the atmosphere could not be completely described with a single
forecast run due to inherent
uncertainty, and proposed a stochastic dynamic model that produced means and variances for the state
of the atmosphere.
Since that time three or four years ago, there has been no comfortable way for the scientific community to raise the spectre
of serious
uncertainty about the
forecasts of climatic disaster... It can no longer escape prime responsibility if it should turn out
in the end that doing something
in the name
of mitigation
of global warming is the costliest scientific mistake ever visited on humanity.
-LSB-...] Internationally known
forecasting pioneer Scott Armstrong
of the Wharton School at the Ivy League University
of Pennsylvania and his colleague Kesten Green Monash University
in Australia: «As shown
in our analysis experts»
forecasts have no validity
in situations characterized by high complexity, high
uncertainty, and poor feedback.
There is significant
uncertainty in both
of these
forecasts.
My experience
in working extensively with temperature measurements and temperature
forecasting leads me to believe that our best estimates
of global temperature anomalies based on surface measurements have a much larger degree
of uncertainty than has been implied by most users
of these estimates.