One of the study's author's, Dabo Guan, professor of climate change economics at the University of East Anglia's School of International Development, UK, says the growth in the carbon footprint
of the urban middle class and the rich in China is a big problem that has to be tackled.
Twenty percent of lower income White students in city schools read proficiently in eighth grade, as do more than half
of urban middle class White students.
Her behavior and conversations are so typical
of the urban middle class artist of this generation, even if somewhat inflated.
Not exact matches
Trudeau and his ministers know the
urban middle - and upper -
middle -
class Canadians that form the core
of their political constituency are sensitive about housing.
This population will increasingly live in
urban areas and have a rising
middle class, both
of which mean more meat consumption.
Half the country is now
urban and half
of them are
middle -
class, a stark change from even 37 years ago, when 82 % was rural.
McKinsey has predicted that more than half
of China's
urban households will be in the upper
middle class by 2020, compared to 14 % in 2012.
Analysts point to the growth
of an
urban «
middle class,» composed
of favoured members
of the Workers» Party and military, official, entrepreneurial, and technical elites.
Similarly, the
urban population is projected to grow about 1.6 % per year over this period, and this can be used as a proxy for growth
of the
middle class to a lower bound
of 3 billion.
For instance, says Kaus, Loury wants blacks to accept responsibility for their lives as individuals and not as members
of a racial tribe, while he at the same time calls on
middle -
class blacks to act as though they are responsible for the tribe, especially those members
of the tribe who are in the
urban underclass.
Perceiving a stark and growing contrast between respectable
middle -
class families and the «teeming broods»
of new immigrants in the
urban centers, progressive leaders turned to eugenic science to control what seemed the otherwise uncontrollable plight
of the poor.
In Aleppo, one
of Syria's most war - torn cities, his job as a truck driver once provided a four - room house and a
middle -
class,
urban life.
Thus, the rural and
urban poor are much less likely to marry and stay married than their
middle - and upper -
class peers, therefore losing out on the social, economic, and moral benefits
of marriage.
In countries in the South, faced with the alliance between international capital, the comprador bourgeoisie and part
of the
middle class, the alternative consisted in using joint programmes and actions to bring together the different grass - roots groups such as workers, peasants, the informal sector, movements
of the
urban poor, co-operatives, minority ethnic groups, and also the vulnerable
middle classes, students, etc..
The liberalization
of the economy under Congress's leadership in 1991through such measures as eliminating tariffs and restrictions on private business - created a new constituency for the traditionally pro-business BJP: the rising
middle class in
urban centers.
But it is accepted by almost everyone
of influence, as well as by the
urban middle class and most young people.
To be more specific, I am thinking
of a group
of Christians — mostly white,
middle class,
urban, highly educated, mainline Protestants — who belong to what I earlier referred to as the restless to radical post-affluent
class now surfacing at strategic points within the socio - economic order.
On the other side were Parliament, the growing
urban middle classes, many
of the lesser gentry, the Puritans, and the extreme Protestants.
The article takes the focus off the prosperous women whose child - care situations raised anxious questions when they were being considered by President Clinton for appointment as U.S. attorney general and instead examines a group it sees as the largest group
of mothers frustrated in seeking good day care:
middle -
class working mothers in
urban areas where nearly all the available caregivers are undocmented foreign workers.
This seems surprising when one looks at the statistics — after all, the developing
middle class, an indicator
of a more
urban and modernizing society, is still a minority (perhaps 300 million
of China's 1.3 billion population), albeit a fast - growing one, and China remains a very poor country in terms
of per capita GDP, as well as substantially rural.
Studies
of environmental consciousness tend to focus on
urban middle classes, giving the false impression that rural populations are either unaffected, do not know or do not care.
[7] The theses have variously included postulations
of selfishness (both through arguments
of relative unwillingness to self - sacrifice for a political cause as well as selfishness along rural /
urban and
class divides, most notably the disinterest
of middle class Africans to engage in political demonstration), nationalism (manifested through the fear
of being called an imperialist), illiteracy and lack
of access to technology, and forgetfulness
of «Black Africa.»
«This has been a critically important issue for working and
middle -
class families and a priority
of the governor's since his days with the federal Department
of Housing and
Urban Development,» she said.
The vibrant
middle class that once defined
urban life moved to the suburbs or exurbs long ago and, with the notable exception
of New York City, an influx
of well - educated young professionals has not made up for that exodus.
Most research on children's understanding
of the natural world has come from
middle -
class, European American children living in
urban or suburban communities, typically located close to universities.
I grew up in
urban India in a
middle class family, the daughter
of two hard - working professional parents, both physicians.
Although some reports suggest that nutrition trends in the northeast have been improving, 23 and others are documenting the rise in obesity in the
middle class, 24 chronic malnutrition remains endemic and has advanced from the northeast's poorest rural areas to the
urban peripheries.25 The standard food intake pattern in Brazil is based on rice or manioc, beans, coffee, bread, beef and, increasingly, sugar in the form
of soft drinks and fruit juices, 26 none
of which (except for beef liver) are noteworthy for their vitamin A content.
Few Iranian films have tried to realistically depict both the
urban middle and lower
classes, and fewer still with the complexity
of story telling and depth
of characterization in Asghar Farhadi's impressive third feature, Fireworks Wednesday.
In this fast - moving, densely plotted black dramedy, a faux scandal raised by an ambitious web TV editor comes close to destroying a number
of lives, offering a masterful panorama on
urban,
middle class China.
The first
of these components is Walter Mosley's original novel which transplants traditional noir archetypes from a strictly
urban environment to the African American
middle -
class.
Claustrophobically sexual, the tale involves a young, upper -
middle -
class woman named Helen (Virginia Madsen, in a career - best turn) who, in the course
of studying the customs
of the tenement - dwellers
of Chicago's Cabrini - Green housing development, finds herself the inamorata
of the Candyman (Tony Todd): the manifestation
of an
Urban urban legend, a black man lynched in another time for having the temerity to fall in love with a white w
Urban urban legend, a black man lynched in another time for having the temerity to fall in love with a white w
urban legend, a black man lynched in another time for having the temerity to fall in love with a white woman.
Though he pointed out that some Negroes were managing to move into the
middle class, he focused on documenting what he argued was the deteriorating situation
of impoverished black families in the inner cities: «The family structure
of lower
class Negroes is highly unstable, and in many
urban centers is approaching complete breakdown.»
In the
middle of the last decade, in
urban communities across America,
middle -
class and upper -
middle -
class parents started sending their children to public schools again — schools that for decades had overwhelmingly served poor and (and overwhelmingly minority) populations.
The district consists
of high - poverty to
middle -
class schools, rural, suburban, and demographically diverse
urban schools — including one where over 60 languages are spoken.
Once home to a prosperous
middle -
class population, the area is now the scene
of classic
urban blight.
With these new shopping malls, young people in Hasköy, who, thanks to the media, could envision how the
middle class regarded them, that is those living in the «slums,» suddenly had to battle the ostracizing, discriminatory, degrading gaze
of the
middle class [14] not just in
middle class urban spaces, but also in their own neighborhood.
The
middle class and
urban journalists have been forced to encounter people completely unlike themselves — or at least perceived as such — in this part
of the city they have never had to go to, that they have always heard about from a distance.
Hasköy youth, who are not considered a part
of normal Turkey, who are excluded both from the labor market and the imaginary
urban culture, return to the
middle class spaces they are cast out from like boomerangs to scare off the
middle class.
Andrew Weiss was walking in the halls
of his Miami
middle school among hundreds
of preteens rushing to
class when Harvard Graduate School
of Education dean Kathleen McCartney called to let him know he was an
Urban Scholar Fellow.
LACES» results stand out even more because the school has many
of the challenges that often sink
urban schools into the lower - performing category and anchor them there: a predominately
urban, minority population; large
classes (the average is 29 students in
middle - school
classes, 34 in high school); few computers, no computer lab, and a building that was new when Franklin D. Roosevelt served as president.
The growing black
middle class soon joined the exodus, leaving
urban schools with the difficult task
of educating the majority
of the nation's poor and minority students.
The return
of many white, upper -
middle -
class, educated parents — and their young children — to city centers has caused some
urban districts, like those in Philadelphia, Chicago, and Boston, to actively encourage these families to send their children to local district schools.
Should an
urban district pander to white,
middle -
class families — at the expense
of poor, minority families — in order to boost the achievement
of all schools?
Afforded the influence
of bourgeois peers, they transcend the limits
of the
urban classroom — and they do so without systematic injury to their
middle -
class schoolmates; the poor win, and the rich don't lose.
In Arizona, a state that has always had charter schools that draw
middle -
class students, there is evidence that, on average at least, charters are not doing any better at raising student achievement than district schools; outside
of urban areas, they appear to do a bit worse.
The idea
of middle -
class parents tapping into
urban charters is unsettling.
This finding has led some to dream about economically integrating every
urban public school with «a strong core
of middle -
class students,» as Kahlenberg puts it.
According to a 2002 study
of children in Dane County, Wisconsin, by
urban - policy consultant David Rusk, low - income children at schools with a
middle -
class majority scored 20 - 32 percent higher on standardized tests compared with what their scores would be at schools with a lower percentage
of middle -
class students.
In
urban areas especially, the supply
of good schools hasn't nearly kept pace with the demand, and the old standbys for
middle -
class parents (moving or paying private school tuition) have become less viable options in a «down» economy going through a housing crisis.
A scholarship tax credit appeals to a diverse coalition
of supporters: economically disadvantaged, working -
class, and
middle -
class voters; African American and Hispanic clergy and parents;
urban Catholics, Orthodox Jews, and evangelical voters; and a large swath
of the labor - union movement (a scholarship tax credit proposal in New York is supported by 30 labor unions).