Former orphans also had lower
levels of vasopressin in both scenarios, he says, which could help explain why they have difficulty making friends.
Little is known about the effects
of vasopressin in human males, but, says Hamer, «there's every reason to think the same principle will apply — although one gene probably won't turn a Bill Clinton into a model of fidelity.»
A new study in the current issue of Biological Psychiatry suggests that women are particularly susceptible to the pain - relieving placebo
effect of vasopressin.
«Among adults with septic shock, the early
use of vasopressin compared with norepinephrine did not improve the number of kidney failure - free days.
Previous research with captive male prairie voles, which form lifelong bonds with a single partner, indicated that the animals had high levels
of vasopressin receptors in the ventral pallidum, a brain region closely associated with the reward system.
If your Vasopressin receptors are too short, you don't receive the
amount of Vasopressin needed to maintain a relationship as outside temptations come in.
What the researchers found was that maternal plasma copeptin — an inert, stable biomarker
of vasopressin secretion with a substantially longer half - life in the blood than vasopressin — is a clinically useful biomarker that predicts preeclampsia.
«I
think of vasopressin as something that promotes the animal being active, brave, and investigating things,» Karen Bales, a behavioral neuroscientist at the University of California at Davis, told Susan Kuchinskas at the Huffington Post.
Those women with lower acute stress and lower dispositional anxiety benefit most from the administration
of the vasopressin agonist.»
The group has demonstrated that
infusion of vasopressin into pregnant mice causes all of the major symptoms of preeclampsia.
In particular, they examined different forms of the promoter
region of the vasopressin V1a receptor gene (AVPRIA), known as DupA and DupB.
«By the same token, we may one day learn that enhancing this top - down control might be a way of regulating meal size without interfering with baseline appetite or with the pleasure of taking the first bite of something delicious,» Andermann said, adding their high - tech methodology will allow them to further investigate the neurons directly «upstream»
of the vasopressin neurons.
In their experiments, Andermann and Lowell watched as the
activity of vasopressin - releasing neuron rapidly decreased — within seconds — when water was presented to water - restricted rodents, before they even drank it.
In the Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease Study, copeptin, the C - terminal portion of the
precursor of vasopressin and reliable marker of arginine vasopressin secretion, was shown to be associated with the risk of future diabetes in women but not in men (48).
Conveniently, Larry Young's laboratory at Yerkes National Primate Research Center has been investigating the
functions of vasopressin receptors in voles.
Thompson RR, George K, Walton JC, Orr SP, Benson J. (2006) Sex - specific
influences of vasopressin on human social communication.
They have also suggested that a single, intranasal
dose of vasopressin may produce lasting effects on some social responses.
We are also characterizing the neural circuits through which vasotocin, the ancestral
homologue of vasopressin, promotes context - dependent social withdrawal in male goldfish, as well as the receptor mechanisms that underlie its ability to have different behavioral effects in different social contexts.
This research shows for the first time that the retina has its own
population of vasopressin - expressing cells which communicate directly to the SCN and are involved with regulating the circadian rhythm.
This mechanism involves brain secretion
firstly of vasopressin which acts directly to produce more concentrated urine and secondly adrenal gland secretion of cortisones which work through the parathyroid gland to raise blood calcium levels (not intestinal calcium levels which are actually helpful).
Diabetes insipidus is caused by a
lack of vasopressin, the antidiuretic hormone that controls water resorption by the kidneys.
Early
use of vasopressin to treat septic shock did not improve the number of kidney failure - free days compared with norepinephrine, according to a study appearing in the August 2 issue of JAMA.
A similar trend likely exists in human fathers, to the point some researchers think elevated
levels of vasopressin in dads helps explain why they tend to be more tactile and stimulatory with infants as opposed to soothing and comforting (as is more typical with moms).
Dr. Luana Colloca, Associate Professor at University of Maryland, along with colleagues at the National Institute of Mental Health and Weill Cornell Medical College, recruited 109 healthy participants to study the placebo
effects of vasopressin.
And, as it turns out, increased levels
of vasopressin and oxytocin lubricate the brain's reward system — and feelings of pleasure — for social interaction.
But the fact is something in the genetic make up and hormones of baby boys expose them to a higher risk of autism than girls (for those who can not sleep without knowing so those weird medical terms, girls tend to have lower levels
of vasopressin and higher levels of natural oxytocin).
Although these findings do not support the use
of vasopressin to replace norepinephrine as initial treatment in this situation, the confidence interval included a potential clinically important benefit for vasopressin, and larger trials may be warranted to assess this further,» the authors write.