Initially these cut - off numbers were considered valid because they matched results that were obtained by a methodology that was unfortunately flawed: duodenal juice samples were placed in transport medium and posted to a laboratory for enumeration, and undoubtedly, the number
of viable organisms initially present were underestimated.
There is also no guarantee that yogurt will contain adequate numbers
of viable organisms that are alive and active.
Probiotics, for example, have been shown to ease symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and reduce diarrhea, but some supplements don't contain the number
of viable organisms listed on their labels; in a 2009 ConsumerLab.com report, nearly half of the probiotic products tested contained only 7 to 58 percent of the amount listed on the label.
Not exact matches
«We conclude that perhaps C wasn't part
of the first genetic material,» Levy says, because assembly into
viable organisms probably took much longer than that.
«Future studies are necessary to determine the incidence
of positive xenodiagnostic results for B. burgdorferi after antibiotic treatment, if these results represent
viable organisms or remnants
of infection, and whether these results can be related to ongoing symptoms in patients after therapy for Lyme disease,» they write.
By targeting RNA or protein subunits that have multiple sites for inactivation, but that are inextricably linked, this method allows for killing or disabling the RNA or protein without requiring the inhibition
of multiple pathways that might be used by the
organism to remain active and
viable (and thus, multiple drugs are not needed, as well).
These
organisms have sorted out their parents» differences and formed
viable species
of their own.
In a recent study in the journal Diseases
of Aquatic
Organisms, WSU scientists demonstrate for the first time that environmental DNA (eDNA) could provide a
viable solution to the problem.
«It's quite remarkable how these bacteria have pushed the lower limit
of what we consider to be a
viable organism,» said John Archibald, a microbiologist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Researchers at Michigan State University have built a molecular Swiss Army knife that streamlines the molecular machinery
of cyanobacteria, also known as blue - green algae, making biofuels and other green chemical production from these
organisms more
viable.
In the event that the culture and sensitivity test is not a
viable option, PCR might be successful in providing the name
of the bacteria or other
organism.
It means creating a community
of integrated buildings and systems that perform like natural nutrient cycles, an
organism or metabolism
of viable size and density to serve as urban - scale infrastructure.