While measurements of aerosol absorption in ultraviolet do not differentiate between the smoke, dust and ash aerosols, only volcanic clouds contain significant abundances of SO2, so satellite measurements of SO2 are especially valuable for unambiguous identification
of volcanic clouds.
These appear as particle - rich «fingers» descending from the base
of volcanic clouds and have commonly been observed during volcanic explosive eruptions.
Not exact matches
Yoshi: the first Nintendo character to get his own
cloud of volcanic ash.
In part on the strength
of the proposition that the description
of God's appearance on the sacred mountain in Exodus 19 presupposes
volcanic phenomena (a view supported by the guiding
cloud and pillar
of fire?)
A steady stream
of advice from local authorities, seemingly focusing on ways to make life difficult for teachers who have been stranded as a result
of the disruption
of travel arrangements by the
volcanic ash
cloud, continues to emerge.
Tomorrow would have marked the first
of 20 days
of strike action, further reducing BA's chances
of survival as it is beset by industrial action and the impact
of the
volcanic ash
cloud.
The eruption at the Puyehue - Cordón Caulle
Volcanic Complex, a chain
of volcanoes in Chile, spewed ash
clouds up to 45,000 feet into the air in early June.
The funnels — white circular
clouds that cast a shadow — appear everywhere, from the
volcanic summit
of Olympus Mons to the lowest craters.
In the United Kingdom, volcanologists work at the Exeter - based Met (formerly meteorological) Office, modeling the drift
of volcanic ash
clouds in the atmosphere.
Oppenheimer and his colleagues get called on during
volcanic crises to help with ground - based remote sensing
of ash
clouds.
Besides SSCE, scientists have also been investigating stratospheric sulfur injections — firing sun - reflecting aerosols into the air, similar to the cooling effect after a
volcanic eruption — and cirrus
cloud thinning, where you thin the top level
of clouds, which have a warming effect on the planet.
Flashes
of lightning in
volcanic ash
clouds may have helped set the stage for life on Earth.
Hallis previously used hydrogen isotope ratios in
volcanic basalt rocks to conclude that Earth's water may in fact have been part
of the very dust
cloud from which the planet first condensed.
Researchers also use the application to display the movement
of volcanic ash
clouds, which can pose a serious threat to airplanes.
Since 1991 the atmospheric physicist has been developing a sensor to warn pilots about
volcanic ash
clouds up to 100 kilometres ahead
of their plane so they can thread a safe path around it.
Volcanologist Andrew McGonigle walks through
clouds composed
of mist, steam, carbon dioxide (CO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on Vulcano, an active
volcanic island off the coast
of southern Italy.
Certain low - frequency activity may signal that a volcano is likely to spout an ash
cloud, a column
of jagged
volcanic sand that can reach as high as 30,000 feet.
«With the OMPS instrument, the
volcanic cloud is mapped as Suomi NPP flies directly overhead and then as it looks back, it observes three vertical slices
of the
cloud,» said Eric Hughes, a research assistant at the University
of Maryland, who is working with Krotkov at NASA Goddard.
Knowing both the physical location and the altitude distribution
of aerosols in the
volcanic cloud allow more accurate forecasts in the days, weeks and months after an eruption.
«The capability
of mapping the full extent
of a three - dimensional structure
of a moving
volcanic cloud has never been done before,» said Nickolay A. Krotkov, physical research scientist with the Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory at NASA Goddard.
At the conference this week, he intends to suggest that bands seen by Venus Express in the lowest layer
of cloud, about 45 km above the surface, could be
volcanic ash, a striking signature that future balloon missions could confirm.
On the ground, information from aircraft with AVOID technology would be used to build an accurate image
of the
volcanic ash
cloud using real time data.
Homo sapiens, by contrast, lived on the fringes beyond the range
of the
volcanic ash
clouds.
They got 10 pages in Science, which is a lot, but in it they cover radiation balance, 1D and 3D modelling, climate sensitivity, the main feedbacks (water vapour, lapse rate,
clouds, ice - and vegetation albedo); solar and
volcanic forcing; the uncertainties
of aerosol forcings; and ocean heat uptake.
«Since the giant sodium nebula that they create varies over periods
of months to years, the source
of the variability is probably not the symmetrical sputtering
cloud, but the streaming - wake source that waxes and wanes with
volcanic activity on Io,» explained Jody Wilson, CSP senior research associate and a study co-author.
There is only one date for the South Holidaymakers en route to Bali have been left stranded in Darwin after their flights were cancelled because
of a
volcanic ash
cloud over
How many people can say they've fought a shark in the water or sped away from a
volcanic cloud of ash?
From all our public areas and rooms, our guests will enjoy expansive views
of the pristine arid savanna
of the adjacent Galapagos National Park by looking north, to extinct
volcanic cones shrouded in mist, mountains covered with lush tropical
cloud forests, and green pasture farms by looking to the south - west; along with a 270 degree view
of the infinite Pacific Ocean with nearby islands as a backdrop.
Rich
volcanic soil, gentle breezes, plenty
of sunshine, tropical showers, a natural afternoon
cloud cover — all combine to create perfect growing conditions.
Costa Rica tour highlights include a rainforest aerial tram ride, rainforest hikes,
volcanic hot springs, Pacific turtle nesting beaches, a Poas
Cloud Forest hike, Costa Rica birding tours, and exploration
of Manuel Antonio National Park.
A lingering
volcanic ash
cloud has forced the cancellation
of several flights from Bali, keeping thousands
of Australians stranded, and all flights to the island from Australia have been cancelled by Virgin, Qantas and Jetstar.
Three separate
volcanic surges forced a
cloud of smoke, steam, and
volcanic ash 4.7 miles into the air, according to Quartz.
An estimated 59,000 travelers have been stranded in Bali by the eruption
of Mount Agung, as a
cloud of volcanic ash has interrupted flights.Despite... Read More
From
cloud forests and aerial tram rides through the jungle canopy to hiking on level terrain through virgin rainforests with naturalist guides, or soaking in natural
volcanic hot springs below active volcanoes, or exploring some
of the most pristine tropical beaches in the world; in Costa Rica you are sure to enjoy the family adventure tour
of a lifetime.
Located about three hours by air from French Polynesia's main island
of Tahiti and steeped in both history and adventure, the Marquesas is a lost - in - time island chain
of dramatic
volcanic cliffs shrouded in mystical
clouds, and the final resting place
of the South Pacific's most famous artist.
An estimated 59,000 travelers have been stranded in Bali by the eruption
of Mount Agung, as a
cloud of volcanic ash has interrupted flights.
In the past three months, everything was running well in Bali, except for the two - day closure
of Ngurah Rai International Airport because
of volcanic ash
clouds.
Surrounding villages were covered in a
cloud of volcanic ash and multiple earthquakes brought down a shower
of small rocks.
Vast swathes
of dense rainforest, misty
cloud forest and
volcanic cones squeeze into this compact country, each dripping with tropical life, including three - toed sloths, howler monkeys and brightly billed toucans.
The
volcanic ash
cloud spewed by Mount Agung on the resort island
of Bali on Tuesday afternoon has not yet disrupted the operation
of Ngurah Rai International Airport.
Ricky explained that in the past three months, everything was running well in Bali, except for the two - day closure
of Ngurah Rai International Airport because
of volcanic ash
clouds.
The business travel specialist also experienced a rush
of corporations looking to get their staff back to work during the
volcanic ash
cloud crisis, which forced the closure
of European airspace.
It also involved a pyroclastic flow - a dangerous fast - moving hot
cloud of gas, ash and
volcanic matter.
We're in the
volcanic highlands on the Caribbean slope
of the country, about 25 miles from the
cloud forest in Monteverde.
Russell Craig, Manchester Airport's Head
of External Communications said: «It's fantastic to receive this recognition — during our recent experiences with snow and the
volcanic ash
cloud, Twitter became a vital channel.
The Children's Eternal Rainforest is the vibrant green heart
of approximately 250,000 areas
of protected forest in the
volcanic highlands
of Costa Rica, which larger area includes the
cloud forests
of Monteverde and the rainforest
of the Arenal Volcano near Fortuna.
Hundreds
of passengers are facing travel disruption after a
volcanic eruption in Indonesia sent ash
clouds over the region, forcing airlines to cancel flights to and from Northern Australia.
Summer is one
of the best times for an island tour, when a lack
of clouds and almost certain sunshine make the glistening ocean and rugged
volcanic landscape look even more beautiful than normal, so make sure you take your camera.
The dark
volcanic sands are as pristine and devoid
of any human debris, as the sky is from
cloud cover.
Some highlights are the wildlife watching at the Parque Nacional Corcovado, snorkelling at Playa Conchal, meeting monkeys at the Parque Nacional Manuel Antonio, bird - watching and crocodile spotting at the Parque Nacional Carara, getting among the fireflies at the Arenal volcano, exploring the
cloud forest around Monteverde and Santa Elena and hiking and horseback riding around the
volcanic mud pots, waterfalls and thermal pools
of the Volcan Rincon de la Vieja.