Sentences with phrase «of volcanic effects»

To me, this indicates that they really have found a more fundamental issue, since it affects (positively) two seemingly distantly - related issues in one stroke: ENSO is not being well - modeled and this affects the length of plausible pauses and the magnitude and duration of volcanic effects.

There are tons of studies — ranging from paleoclimate studies to studies of volcanic effects, etc. that constrain climate response and which generally yield results consistent with the models.

Not exact matches

I also opted for chocolate chunks instead of chips which gave a unique shape to the cookie as well as a delicious volcanic chocolate effect.

Besides knowing a lot more about the transport of volcanic aerosols in the atmosphere, modern researchers had communications lines and satellites so that news of an eruption could be relayed quickly and the effects noted as they unfolded.

Benca irradiated 18 - inch - tall, bonsai - like pines with UV - B dosages up to 13 times stronger than on Earth today, simulating the effects of ozone depletion caused by immense volcanic eruptions that occurred at the end of the Permian Period.

Using a 3D atmospheric model, the researchers separated the effect of the chemicals from those of weather and volcanic emissions, which can also destroy ozone.

Besides SSCE, scientists have also been investigating stratospheric sulfur injections — firing sun - reflecting aerosols into the air, similar to the cooling effect after a volcanic eruption — and cirrus cloud thinning, where you thin the top level of clouds, which have a warming effect on the planet.

Proposals to reduce the effects of global warming by imitating volcanic eruptions could have a devastating effect on global regions prone to either tumultuous storms or prolonged drought, new research has shown.

Sustaining fresh water and energy resources; mitigating the effects of natural hazards such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, severe weather, landslides, coastal erosion, and solar flares; and dealing with the consequences of global warming and sea - level rise are issues that affect all populations, regardless of gender, ethnicity, or cultural traditions.

The new movie «Pompeii» reconstructs one of the most famous volcanic eruptions in history with unprecedented «3D» special effects — but even the best visuals can't help if the science is wrong — so how geological accurate is the movie?

To determine whether declining pollutants deserve credit for the recovery, the researchers used a 3D atmospheric model to separate the effects of the chemicals from those of weather, which can affect ozone loss through winds and temperature, and volcanic eruptions, which deplete ozone by pumping sulfate particles into the upper atmosphere.

The team thinks a combination of fluid and solid tidal heating effects may best explain all the volcanic activity observed on Io.

Major volcanic eruptions can have a significant effect on the flow of the biggest rivers around the world, research shows.

Volcanic eruptions and solar variations were still plausible causes of change, and some argued these would swamp any effects of human activities.

In this case, researchers are attempting to re-create the effects of volcanic eruptions to artificially cool Earth.

In addition to forecasting the weather, the authors hope that these insights will lead to improved models for global warming, ozone depletion and the effects of volcanic eruptions.

First, volcanic eruptions produce major quantities of carbon dioxide (CO2), a gas known to contribute to the greenhouse effect.

The atmospheric effects of volcanic eruptions were confirmed by the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, in the Philippines.

A new reconstruction of Antarctic ocean temperatures around the time the dinosaurs disappeared 66 million years ago supports the idea that one of the planet's biggest mass extinctions was due to the combined effects of volcanic eruptions and an asteroid impact.

The team also showed for the first time that this recovery has slowed somewhat at times, due to the effects of volcanic eruptions from year to year.

Interestingly, some scientists argue that without the cooling effect of major volcanic eruptions such as El Chichn and Mount Pinatubo, global warming effects caused by human activities would have been far more substantial.

Researchers know that large amounts of aerosols can significantly cool the planet; the effect has been observed after large volcanic eruptions.

Some geologists speculate that massive volcanic eruptions covering areas as large as modern continents triggered the release of methane buried in the ocean floor, causing a greenhouse effect.

The after - effects of this volcanic outburst are still being felt today, as earthquakes like the 5.8 magnitude quake centered near Mineral, Va. in 2011 still rumble through the faults weakened by the volcanoes.

«We might use the method to look at the seismic effects of groundwater extraction, volcanic inflation and all kinds of other things that we may not be detecting in the GPS data.»

But the simulations also reveal that the technique, which mimics the short - term cooling effects of volcanic eruptions, could chill the planet if overdone.

For the first time, this study allowed researchers to analyse the effects of the climate change on the forest nutrient cycles, and states that Pyrenean forests can register these episodes chemical mark at a global scale (for instance, volcanic eruptions in remote areas) and the effects of gas emissions into the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution.

In the study entitled «The effect of giant lateral collapses on magma pathways and the location of volcanism,» authored by F. Maccaferri, N. Richter and T. Walter, all working at GFZ, in section 2.1 (Physics of earthquakes and volcanoes), the propagation path of magmatic intrusions underneath a volcanic edifice has been simulated by means of a mathematical model.

Scientists have long known of the cooling effect of major volcanic eruptions, which spew large amounts of light - scattering aerosols into the stratosphere.

The combined effects of pyroclastic flows, volcanic ashes and tsunamis had disastrous results in the region.

A few years ago, he was trying to get people to take to his idea of how to mitigate global warming by pumping sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, mirroring the cooling effect caused by large volcanic eruptions.

It's also now well understood that large volcanic eruptions have a short - term cooling effect, see GW FAQ: effect of volcanic activity (short - term being the key phrase, after Church et al Nature 2005, and also http://www.llnl.gov/str/JulAug02/Santer.html)

But despite that steady climb, not every year is warmer than the one before it, thanks to the vagaries of weather, the influence of natural climate cycles, and the effects of events like volcanic eruptions.

The widespread volcanic material suggests the presence of water - formed clay which can reduce friction — an effect seen on Earth at volcanoes in Hawaii.

«The researchers also calculated the likely effect of remediation on the ozone layer, but found that ozone depletion would be short - lived and similar to that resulting from natural processes such as large solar storms and volcanic eruptions.»

Foster and Rahmstorf (2011) used multiple linear regression to quantify and remove the effects of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and solar and volcanic activity from the surface and lower troposphere temperature data.

It is also well known that volcanic activity has a cooling influence, and as is well documented by the effects of the 1991 Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption.

At a recent conference, scientists explained how a major atmospheric circulation known as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was in a negative phase at the onset of the LIA, which amplified the cooling effect of a reduction in solar irradiance and volcanic activity.

Foster and Rahmstorf (2011) used a multiple linear regression approach to filter out the effects of volcanic and solar activity and ENSO.

Here, we show that the effective solar radiation (ESR), which includes the net solar radiation and the effects of volcanic eruption, has modulated this decadal ENSO - like oscillation.

Over the last 30 years of direct satellite observation of the Earth's climate, many natural influences including orbital variations, solar and volcanic activity, and oceanic conditions like El Nino (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) have either had no effect or promoted cooling conditions.

Volcanic eruptions and impacts from celestial bodies, like asteroids, have a near instantaneous effect, but very few of these one - time events are of sufficient size to impact the global climate for more than a few years.

Jupiter's giant, spectacular polar aurorae are created by the effects of the magnetic field of the planet combining with gases from the volcanic moon Io.

In Earth's past the trigger for these greenhouse gas emissions was often unusually massive volcanic eruptions known as «Large Igneous Provinces,» with knock - on effects that included huge releases of CO2 and methane from organic - rich sediments.

«While volcanic eruptions are natural events, it was the timing of these that had such a noticeable effect on the trend.

Thus to provide the clearest picture of the CO2 effect, we approximate the net future change of human - made non-CO2 forcings as zero and we exclude future changes of natural climate forcings, such as solar irradiance and volcanic aerosols.

The effects of aerosol injections are at least somewhat known, since volcanic eruptions produce aerosols naturally and have produced cooling in the past.

The power - packed cleanser, which combines activated charcoal, volcanic ash, kaolin clay, propolis and honey, has worked wonders clearing up my own breakouts without drying out my skin (a side effect of other acne face cleansers I've tried).

Contains - Alphabet (topic word for each letter)- Comic Summary (read a story and summarise it in comic form)- Hand (research a volcano in history and pull out main facts)- Imagination (descriptive writing prompt)- One Sentence Only (summarise each paragraph in a chosen text)- Positive and Negative effects (foldable sorting effects of volcanoes)- Storyteller (narrative writing prompt)- Structure of a volcano (information sheet for students to create a volcano diagram)- Types of volcano (foldable that involves matching names, description and picture)- Volcanic Eruptions Comprehension (information passage with questions)- Volcano cloze (information text with missing words about volcanoes)- Volcano explorer (gathering information from interactive voclano website)- Volcano Vocabulary (foldable involving matching topic words to definitions)- Witness vs. Scientist (foldable involving sorting statements)

In the coastal village of Amed, 10 miles (16 km) from Mount Agung, the effects of the volcanic rumblings on tourism are already being felt.