Sentences with phrase «of water injection»

Representing a global engineering company in an ICC arbitration against Venezuela's national oil company, PDVSA concerning the termination of contracts for the operation of water injection platforms and counterclaims relating to maintenance of platforms.

One issue he stressed is the lack of coordination of water injection in the state's array of disposal wells:

From our side, I think the number - one move to allow higher compression ratios will be the development of water injection to reduce combustion temperatures — it's all about controlling knock or pre-ignition.

Future studies will focus on improving knowledge of fault lines in the region and gaining a better understanding of fluid pressure, specifically how the amount of water injection (both now and in the past) has impacted the geological mechanisms at work in the area.

Not exact matches

The process of fracking involves vertical and horizontal drilling, often for more than 10,000 feet below the surface, followed by the injection of millions of gallons of water, chemicals and sand at high pressures.

The Oklahoma Geological Survey has determined that the majority of recent earthquakes in central and north - central Oklahoma are very likely triggered by the injection of produced water in disposal wells.»

The basics: The water injection system reduces the consumption of combustion engines and increases performance.

Discovered several years ago by Japanese industry, this innovative technology allows for the use of up to 90 per cent less water to clean products — from floors to industrial machinery — through the injection of ultra-fine air bubbles into the water.

This project is critical to the future of Baghdad's oil industry as it will supply well injection water to six fields in southern Iraq to boost yields and slow depletion.

Creekstone Farms, a processor of premium Angus beef products, has received the award for their sourcing of a direct steam injection skid used for central hot water.

Bosch Packaging Technology has developed a new generation of pure steam generators and distillation units for the production of sterile, pyrogen - free pure steam or WFI (water for injection) offering optimised performance and energy efficiency.

The lightest 0.5 - litre PET bottle for still water known to KHS to date is the result of a cooperation between KHS and Canadian injection moulding machine manufacturer and market leader Husky.

The treatment of carpal tunnel during breastfeeding involves being aware of your hand position as you hold and breastfeed your baby, wearing hand splints, resting as much as possible, taking water pills to release fluid from the body, and getting steroid injections if necessary.

Other medical options include a spinal block, narcotics and sterile water injections (which is exactly what it sounds like: an injection of sterile water into certain trigger points in the lower back).

Applying a compress of ice water after the injection can help reduce swelling.

The guidelines include interventions provided to the mother — for example steroid injections before birth, antibiotics when her water breaks before the onset of labour, and magnesium sulfate to prevent future neurological impairment of the child, as well as interventions for the newborn baby — for example thermal care, feeding support, (e.g. kangaroo mother care, when babies are stable), safe oxygen use, and other treatments to help babies breathe more easily.

You can use gas and air in a birthing pool, but if you want a TENS machine or Pethidine injection, you'll have to get out of the water.

If you're really serious about avoiding pain medication, you must learn about and become comfortable with other coping methods, like the rebozo (a type of large cloth traditionally used in Mexican culture), visualization, and even lesser - known options like sterile water injections.

Use of injection wells - sending the flowback water back thousands of feet underground away from aquifers - has been common in more developed shale formations in the South and West.

Rather, most of the small earthquakes have been linked to injection wells, which dispose of huge quantities of water used to flush out oil and gas in extraction operations.

Thirteen men and seven women volunteered to undergo 20 minutes of constant pain, caused by an injection of highly - concentrated salt water into their jaw muscles.

«The OGS considers it very likely that the majority of recent earthquakes, particularly those in central and north - central Oklahoma, are triggered by the injection of produced water in disposal wells,» it wrote in a statement.

Charles Sturt University is also set to receive a cash injection to support research into food, soil and water challenges faced by Australia and the rest of the world.

One explanation may be that as high - pressure pockets from wastewater injections continue to spread underground like a drop of water on a paper towel, they encounter new and sometimes larger faults.

There are fewer injection wells in the East, however, so much of the waste from drilling in the Marcellus Shale was initially discharged into surface waters.

The injection of so much cold water, they say, could lead to a stratification of the water column, with warm water buried underneath cold surface water.

An injection of aluminum - 26 into the nebula that formed the solar system could have influenced the amount of water on Earth.

California officials have ordered an emergency shut - down of 11 oil and gas waste injection sites and a review more than 100 others in the state's drought - wracked Central Valley out of fear that companies may have been pumping fracking fluids and other toxic waste into drinking water aquifers there.

A 2012 ProPublica investigation of more than 700,000 injection wells across the country found that wells were often poorly regulated and experienced high rates of failure, outcomes that were likely polluting underground water supplies that are supposed to be protected by federal law.

«The operation of an enhanced geothermal system uses the injection of a fluid (water or carbon dioxide) to extract thermal energy from the rock located a few thousand metres below the surface, and whose permeability has been improved or stimulated previously with fracturing processes,» explains César Chamorro, one of the authors.

In particular, said Ellsworth, daily reporting of injection volumes, and peak and average injection pressures would be a step in the right direction, as would measurement of the pre-injection water pressure and tectonic stress.

It has long been understood that earthquakes can be induced by impoundment of water in reservoirs, surface and underground mining, withdrawal of fluids and gas from the subsurface, and injection of fluids into underground formations.

Injection of water vapor makes the ozone layer sensitive to global warming and geoengineering

Oil well operators used more than 80 billion gallons of water in California last year in «enhanced» oil recovery techniques such as steam injection and water flooding, which help bring heavier, thicker crude to the surface.

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is a set of methods that use external fluids such as gas and soluble agents like water to recover the oil can not be extracted by conventional means and is divided into four main groups: thermal, chemical, miscible gas injection and microbial.

Each thrush was weighed, equipped with a radio transmitter, and given an injection of water containing two stable isotopes.

A study published today in Science explains how wastewater injection sites — areas where toxic water left over from oil drilling and fracking processes is injected into the ground between impermeable layers of rocks to avoid polluting freshwater — could be driving the sharp increase in the sometimes - disastrous earthquake events.

Fracking relies on the high - pressure injection of water, sand, and other chemicals to create microfractures in rock formations, thereby making it easier to draw out oil and gas.

A swift injection of boric acid into the cooling water can also mop up neutrons and stop the reaction.

Through a bit of geologic alchemy, the injection shattered rock like a baseball hitting a windowpane, pushing natural gas and oil out of the rock and into the pipe when the water was pumped back out.

Much of that water returns to the surface and is stored in lined pits or closed tanks for recycling or injection in underground storage caverns offsite.

Water can be kept liquid, for example, at temperatures more than 300 degrees Fahrenheit above its boiling point, because it needs a onetime injection of energy to start vaporizing.

«The model shows that a pressure differential develops along one of the faults as a combined result of high fluid injection rates to the west and high water removal rates to the east,» said Matthew Hornbach, SMU associate professor of geophysics.

They used the model to estimate stress changes induced in the area by two wastewater injection wells and the more than 70 production wells that remove both natural gas and significant volumes of salty water known as brine.

The water well was a few miles away from the leaking injection well site, but environmental officials said the contaminants discovered in the water well were unrelated, mostly because they didn't include the level of sodium typical of brine.

«EPA recognizes that more can be done to enhance drinking water safeguards and, along with states and tribes, will work to improve the efficiency of the underground injection control program.»

In a 2000 case that wasn't caused by injection but brought important lessons about how fluids could move underground, hydrogeologists concluded that bacteria - polluted water migrated horizontally underground for several thousand feet in just 26 hours, contaminating a drinking water well in Walkerton, Ontario, and sickening thousands of residents.

Man - made include human - generated changes to the water table, including dam construction, and industrial activities involving the injection or removal of fluids from the subsurface.

Despite continuous injection of a large amount of very cold (− 15 ◦ C) water in these pure freshwater experiments, substantial portions of the ocean interior become warmer.

It is supplied in pre-filled syringes containing lyophilized antigen to which 1 mL of sterile water was added as diluent before injection.