Not surprisingly, this leads to conflicts between those independents and manufacturers of appliances, because of the intellectual property rights over the machinery and consumables (e.g.
generic producers
offering coffee pads compatible with Nespresso [1]-- and Senseo [2]- coffee machines and contesting the IP - rights in question, or — in the
alternative — claiming that the refusal to license the IP - right is an abuse of a dominant position [3]-RRB- and associated litigation (e.g. the Toshiba / Katun - case over advertisement of
generic consumables which referred to the brand of the machinery).