In other words, the EF defines carbon uptake in forests as the single mechanism for
offsetting human emissions of greenhouse gases from industrial activity to the atmosphere.
Not exact matches
Greenhouse gases can be attributed to about 0.9 °C
of this warming, but it has been partially
offset by about 0.3 °C cooling from
human aerosol
emissions.
Thus it is entirely unsurprising that these short - term effects all aligning in the cooling direction in recent years have
offset much
of the surface warming caused by
human greenhouse gas emissions.
All
of these studies find that
humans are responsible for close to 100 %
of the observed global warming over the past 50 years, and
human greenhouse gas emissions are responsible for close to 150 %
of the observed warming, with
human aerosol (sulfur dioxide - SO2)
emissions offsetting approximately one - third to one - half
of that
greenhouse warming.
So, in order to trigger another LIA, a new grand solar minimum would have to cause about 1 °C cooling, plus it would have to
offset the continued
human - caused global warming
of 1 to 5 °C by 2100, depending on how our
greenhouse gas emissions change over the next century.
If we add in the warming effects
of the other long - lived
greenhouse gases, the best estimate rises to 1.22 °C surface warming caused by
human emissions (we've only observed ~ 0.8 °C warming because much
of that has been
offset by
human aerosol
emissions).