Philae — the first spacecraft to ever land
on a comet as part of the Rosetta mission — has gone silent again, and scientists fear that it may have stopped communicating for good.
For months at a time, uninterrupted, someone or some spacecraft had eyes
on the comet as it fell from beyond the orbit of Jupiter to the doorstep of the sun itself.
Not exact matches
This feeling is familiar to anyone who has drifted over a hill
on a roller coaster or flown
on a parabolic «zero - gravity» flight — often referred to
as a «vomit
comet» ride because of the intense nausea the experience can trigger.
To give investors confidence again, someone needs to be empowered to run Tesla's factory
as a full - time job they actually like — not one they're willing to do between building high - speed trains, or rockets, or riding a roadster to Mars
on an intergalactic road paved with
comet cocaine, while talking themselves out of a fortune.
However, the Rosina mass spectrometer aboard Rosetta found that the ratio of deuterium to hydrogen in the
comet is far greater than that found
on Earth, adding to the growing body of evidence that the water
on Earth was delivered not by
comets,
as previously thought, but by asteroids.
You mention global myths of a great flood
as supporting evidence, but even the article only states,» [a] lmost every culture has a legend about a great flood, and — with a little reading between the lines — many of them mention something like a
comet on a collision course with Earth just before the disaster.»
Still, Chapman says, he would not be surprised to see water ice
on asteroids, adding that the distinction between
comets, traditionally considered to be icy, and asteroids, which have been largely thought of
as rocky, is becoming increasingly blurred.
The three - day observations show that the
comet shards brighten and dim
as icy patches
on their surfaces rotate into and out of sunlight.
Earlier, in 2000 and 2002, the craft positioned aerogel collectors
on the opposite side of the arm to snare particles of interstellar dust, suspected to be
as small
as one - tenth the size of
comet grains.
New analyses of lander data reveal the
comet as uniform
on the inside, but full of variety
on the outside.
She has traveled to the South Pole
as part of a U.S. National Science Foundation program for journalists and been a passenger
on NASA's infamous vomit
comet.
If ESA discovers that J is unsuitable between now and November, they have selected a backup site, C. Landing
on this spot would give Philae a view of the
comet's «neck», which is of high scientific interest, but J won out
as the easier place to touch down.
After sunset
on those dates the
comet will be low down in the west and appear
as a misty patch not far from the crescent Moon.
However, the legacy of the
comet will go
on for years
as scientists analyze the tremendous data set collected during ISON's journey.
Studying the nucleus temperature and evolution of the coma and tail provides information
on how the
comet evolves
as it approaches and leaves the vicinity of the sun, and addresses questions about why that happens.
In the European Space Agency's (ESA's) control room in Darmstadt, Germany, the mood was anxious and all eyes were glued to the mission control computer screens
as a spidery, three - legged lander named Philae detached from its parent spacecraft, Rosetta, and made its slow descent to the surface of a
comet — and cheers and hugging broke out
on 12 November when the control room received confirmation that the lander had arrived.
The overall illumination conditions could improve for another couple months,
as comet 67P approaches perihelion
on 13 August, the closest point in its orbit around the sun.
The long exposure means we can see details
on the
comet's surface, along with jets of gas emerging
as it heats up
on its journey towards the sun.
Initial projects (both theoretical and practical) include seeking evidence for the existence of biomolecules and cells in the upper atmosphere,
as well
as in
comets and interstellar dust; looking for evidence of biological molecules and processes in material recovered from space; and investigating the effect of space conditions
on living systems.
As of press time, Rosetta is scheduled to drop a lander, named Philae, in mid-November onto a site
on the
comet's surface named Agilkia — another space exploration first.
The existence of the craters,
as well
as the discovery of steep cliffs and pinnacles
on the
comet's landscape, imply that Wild 2 is a cohesive structure
as opposed to a loosely connected rubble pile.
Although the consequences are roughly comparable in either case, an important difference is that objects in the solar system that circle far away from the sun
on long - period orbits before returning, such
as comets, would hit the earth at much greater velocities than close - orbiting (short - period) bodies, such
as asteroids.
Using data captured by ALMA in Chile and from the ROSINA instrument
on ESA's Rosetta mission, a team of astronomers has found faint traces of the chemical compound [Freon - 40]--(CH3Cl), also known
as methyl chloride and chloromethane, around both the infant star system IRAS 16293 - 2422, about 400 light - years away, and the famous
comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko (67P / C - G) in our own Solar System.
Prematurely billed by the tabloids
as the «killer
comet» about to strike Earth, Hale - Bopp is fortunately not
on a collision course with us.
Water delivery via asteroids or
comets is likely taking place in many other planetary systems, just
as it happened
on Earth, new research strongly suggests.
DARMSTADT, GERMANY — The Rosetta orbiter
on Wednesday dropped a spidery, three - legged robot the size of a small refrigerator and watched
as it tentatively set down
on a
comet — the first time that the surface of these primordial balls of dust and ice has ever been explored.
«Actin can function
as a track for myosin, or
as a motor
on its own via this
comet tail mechanism.»
A camera
on Rosetta captures the Philae lander
as it falls to the surface of
comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko.
DARMSTADT, GERMANY —
On Wednesday, 12 November, the Rosetta spacecraft's Philae probe is set to attempt an historic landing on a comet, known as 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenk
On Wednesday, 12 November, the Rosetta spacecraft's Philae probe is set to attempt an historic landing
on a comet, known as 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenk
on a
comet, known
as 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko.
As they rotate, radiation from the sun cooks simpler chemicals
on the
comet into prebiotic molecules.
Radar data helped locate an approximate position for its final resting spot — somewhere just within the rim of the large crater
on the head of the duck - shaped
comet, what was once known
as landing site «B.» Holger Sierks, principal investigator for the orbiter's camera, was waiting for images to be downloaded to Earth tonight that he thought would contain the lander.
Plus, Myrtha Hässig discusses the surprising heterogeneity of
comet 67P
as part of Science's special issue
on the Rosetta spacecraft.
Shermer's article is a shallow and tendentious treatment of a complex subject that does not take proper account of rebuttals to critical attacks
on the Younger Dryas impact hypothesis, in which a
comet strike more than 12,000 years ago caused the megafaunal extinction in North America, and misrepresents the state of the argument around my theory that this event wiped out an advanced human society
as well.
It envisions the great reshuffling
as a brief, violent affair that not only put the outer planets where they are today but also created the Kuiper belt of small icy bodies beyond Neptune, gave the planets scores of oddly orbiting moons, and bombarded the solar system with a rain of asteroids and
comets so fierce that it would have cooked all but the deepest subterranean life
on early Earth.
On average, material blasted across Mercury's surface by relatively recent impacts of comets, asteroids, and other small bodies reflects only two - thirds as much light as freshly excavated material on the moon, previous studies have show
On average, material blasted across Mercury's surface by relatively recent impacts of
comets, asteroids, and other small bodies reflects only two - thirds
as much light
as freshly excavated material
on the moon, previous studies have show
on the moon, previous studies have shown.
However,
comets do not have a dense, permanent atmosphere
as on Earth.
That means the source of the water
on the Moon is primitive meteorites, not
comets as some scientists thought.
They are found
on the lobes of the
comet as well
as on the neck that connects them.
Comet C / 2011 N3 is fondly remembered
as the first
comet ever captured
on camera
as it succumbed within the sun.
Chris Carr of Imperial College London, the principal investigator for a suite of instruments called the Rosetta Plasma Consortium, says he hopes theirs may be the first
on the spacecraft to actually detect the
comet as solar wind begins to blow gas off its surface and the sun's ultraviolet light ionizes it, leaving a trail of plasma.
Incoming data
on the
comet's mass, density and surface will help ESA narrow the choice to
as many
as five possible zones, each 600 metres across.
The first, the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System, will rely
on a network of four telescopes in Hawaii to hunt for small, fast - moving, nearby objects such
as asteroids,
comets, and bodies in the Kuiper belt.
COVER View of a cliff and gravel field
on the small lobe of
comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko from a distance of 8 kilometers to the surface,
as seen by Rosetta / OSIRIS.
The Compact Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) observed
comet C / 2013 A1 Siding Spring
as the
comet sped close to Mars
on Oct. 19.
Any delays will make landing much trickier
as the
comet becomes increasingly active
on its approach to the sun.
The cratering record
on the moon provides a proxy for similar impacts by interplanetary debris such
as comets and asteroids
on Earth, the effects of which have largely been erased by billions of years of erosion and geologic activity.
A single, intact asteroid or
comet would punch right through the ring, but a good - size
comet, if broken apart
as Shoemaker - Levy 9 was, could rain down
on the rings with enough force to generate a sufficient tilt.
Those results set the age boundary for the oldest terrains
on Mercury to be contemporary with the so - called Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB), a period of intense asteroid and
comet impacts recorded in lunar and asteroidal rocks and by the numerous craters
on the Moon, Earth, and Mars,
as well
as Mercury.
On the outskirts of the solar system swarms a vast cloud of
comets, influenced almost
as much by other stars
as by our sun.
The consortium instruments are designed to study a number of phenomena, including the interaction of 67P / C - G with the solar wind, a continuous stream of plasma emitted by the sun; changes of activity
on the
comet; the structure and dynamics of the
comet's tenuous plasma atmosphere, known
as the coma; and the physical properties of the
comet's nucleus and surface.