In 2014, the world looked on eagerly as a probe landed
on a comet for the first time, as a test flight brought humans one step closer to Mars, and as astronauts tweeted home striking images from space, giving those left behind on Earth the sense that they were along for the ride.
Not exact matches
The winners include Laura Deming, 17, who is developing antiaging therapies; Faheem Zaman, 18, who is building mobile payment systems
for developing countries; and John Burnham, 18, who is working
on extracting minerals from asteroids and
comets.
A spiral galaxy (same goes
for a spherical planet, a galaxy cluster, a
comet) is shaped by forces big and small that rely
on the physical properties of matter, energy, dark energy, and dark matter.
The Physics World «2014 Breakthrough of the Year» went to the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission1
for being the first to land a spacecraft (Philae)
on a
comet (67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko),
on 12 November.
Just think about the size of the
comet that would have to create something like that, not to mention all the other consequences that would arise from a massive impact of that nature (namely destruction of almost all life
on earth except
for deep, deep sea creatures).
Again, THE WORST THINGS
ON TELEVISION, EVER MAYBE.they almost make me loath that the TV was even invented, the make me hope
for a giant
comet.
Careful or the world will end tomorrow, but you can feel free to put
on your red space suit and special orange shoes before you swallow the «pill» and wait
for the
comet to come.
A flying drone to sniff out life
on Titan and a spacecraft to return
comet samples to Earth are finalists in NASA's search
for its next interplanetary destination
In November that year, Rosetta's companion lander, Philae, made a bumpy touchdown and survived
for a few days
on the
comet before being lost — though Rosetta did eventually find it again.
If sunlight must penetrate the dust covering a
comet's water ice in order to warm it and produce jets, Sunshine says the Deep Impact findings suggest the ices
on such dormant
comets may not have run out but merely become sealed — by layers of debris,
for example.
Two years ago, astronomers Lisa Randall and Matthew Reece of Harvard University fingered dark matter
for a 35 million - year cycle — which they later revised to 32 million years — based
on the birth dates of large craters from
comet crashes.
That gave them some much - needed time to plan their next round of studies and to anticipate what to look
for when the
comet rounds the sun
on Nov. 28.
Drawing
on his data from the Hubble observations, Li estimates that the nucleus — the solid body of the
comet itself — is no more than about 2.5 miles (4 kilometers) across, smaller than what many astronomers initially expected
for such an energetic
comet.
«It's been looked
for [
on comets] spectroscopically with telescopes but the content seems so low you can't see it that way.»
The Pan-Starrs-1 telescope will scan the skies
for asteroids and
comets that could wipe out life
on Earth.
On November 12th 2014 the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission will eject the small robotic lander Philae on a trajectory that should take it down to the surface of comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko (or 67P / C - P for short
On November 12th 2014 the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission will eject the small robotic lander Philae
on a trajectory that should take it down to the surface of comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko (or 67P / C - P for short
on a trajectory that should take it down to the surface of
comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko (or 67P / C - P
for short).
The next steps
for studying the concept would be to do more high - fidelity simulations and try casting a mini-harpoon at a target that mimics the material found
on a
comet or asteroid.
She has traveled to the South Pole as part of a U.S. National Science Foundation program
for journalists and been a passenger
on NASA's infamous vomit
comet.
For any spacecraft landing
on a
comet or asteroid, being able to slow down enough to arrive safely is critical.
Many of the things needed
for life to get started have been found
on meteorites or
comets.
«Our
comet is coming out of its deep - space slumber and beginning to put
on a show
for Rosetta's science instruments,» said Matt Taylor, Rosetta's project scientist from the European Space Agency's Science and Technology Centre in Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
Despite seven months adrift and alone
on comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko since its bumpy landing last year, Philae is back and ready
for science.
This proximity will provide an unprecedented opportunity
for researchers to gather data
on both the
comet and its effect
on the Martian atmosphere.
However, the legacy of the
comet will go
on for years as scientists analyze the tremendous data set collected during ISON's journey.
Over the next decade, Southwood's «cosmic vision» program calls
for, among other goals, landing spacecraft
on Mars, Mercury, Saturn's moon Titan, and a
comet; observing the birth, evolution, and death of stars and galaxies at gamma ray and infrared wavelengths; studying the afterglow of the big bang; and mapping the positions and motions of nearly every star in the Milky Way.
The overall illumination conditions could improve
for another couple months, as
comet 67P approaches perihelion
on 13 August, the closest point in its orbit around the sun.
The J landing spot,
on the «head» of the
comet, was chosen
for having the smoothest surface, but that doesn't mean Rosetta's lander probe, Philae, will touch down without incident.
Planetary scientist H. Jay Melosh is of course correct that the Deep Impact probe will have a negligibly small effect
on comet Tempel I's orbit [«Impact Geologist Waits
for the Big One to Hit,» Discover Dialogue, July].
For these reasons, confirmed
comet impacts
on the earth are so far unknown.
Since January, temperatures
on the
comet have been too chilly
for Philae's electronics; mission scientists stopped listening
for radio signals from the lander in July.
The work was co-funded by the UK Centre
for Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (
COMET) and STREVA, a research consortium aimed at finding ways to reduce the negative consequences of volcanic activity
on people and their assets.
Initial projects (both theoretical and practical) include seeking evidence
for the existence of biomolecules and cells in the upper atmosphere, as well as in
comets and interstellar dust; looking
for evidence of biological molecules and processes in material recovered from space; and investigating the effect of space conditions
on living systems.
The introverted English scholar held off
on publishing those findings
for decades, though, and it took the Herculean efforts of friend and
comet discoverer Edmund Halley to get Newton to publish.
The Rosetta spacecraft's final resting place could be
on the
comet it called home
for over two years.
A persistent band of researchers has blamed this apparent disaster
on the impact of a
comet or asteroid, but a new study concludes that the real explanation
for the chill, at least, may lie strictly with Earth - bound events.
«Actin can function as a track
for myosin, or as a motor
on its own via this
comet tail mechanism.»
When the actin polymerization occurs at one spot
on the surface of an autophagosome, which coincides with the location of WHAMM
on these organelles, an actin
comet tail is formed, and the rapid assembly / disassembly of the actin polymers «pushes» the autophagosome toward the lysosome
for final processing.
Researchers centered at Tokyo's National Institute of Japanese Literature (NIJL) and National Institute
for Polar Research (NIPR) examined a detailed painting from a Japanese manuscript Seikai («understanding
comets») with associated commentary describes a red aurora occurring over Kyoto
on 17 September 1770.
«The loss of Contour would be a basic setback
for the near future of cometary science,» says Gerhard Schwehm of the European Space Research and Technology Centre in Noordwijk, the Netherlands, who is the project scientist
for the European Rosetta mission to
comet Wirtanen, due to be launched
on 13 January 2003.
Radar data helped locate an approximate position
for its final resting spot — somewhere just within the rim of the large crater
on the head of the duck - shaped
comet, what was once known as landing site «B.» Holger Sierks, principal investigator
for the orbiter's camera, was waiting
for images to be downloaded to Earth tonight that he thought would contain the lander.
I'm back at ESA's operation center
for a second day, following Philae's harrowing, but ultimately successful landing
on the surface of
comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko.
There the only stray radiation the observatory would have to compensate
for would come from stars, the trace debris of
comets and asteroids, and the telescope's own electronics (which would sit
on a boom several yards away).
«The damage
on the ground is expected to be zero,» writes astronomer Andrea Milan of the University of Pisa in Italy,
on the Minor Planet Mailing List run
for asteroid and
comet researchers (groups.yahoo.com/group/mpml/).
In general usage — a «volatile stock market,»
for instance — the word connotes violence and variability, the equivalent of TNT detonating or frozen carbon dioxide vaporizing rapidly and forcefully
on the surface of a
comet.
A committee of the U.S. National Research Council released a sobering report today
on the prospects
for defending the home planet against near Earth objects (NEOs), the asteroids and
comets that can cross Earth's orbit and hit us.
Chris Carr of Imperial College London, the principal investigator
for a suite of instruments called the Rosetta Plasma Consortium, says he hopes theirs may be the first
on the spacecraft to actually detect the
comet as solar wind begins to blow gas off its surface and the sun's ultraviolet light ionizes it, leaving a trail of plasma.
It's been a busy time
for NASA: Just before the first rover landed
on Mars (page 10), the Stardust spacecraft achieved a dazzling double score, collecting pieces of
comet Wild 2 (the first sample of a body beyond the moon) and sending back pictures of the
comet's 3.1 - mile - wide icy core.
For more than 30 years, scientists have argued about a controversial hypothesis relating to periodic mass extinctions and impact craters — caused by
comet and asteroid showers —
on Earth.
Philae — the first spacecraft to ever land
on a
comet as part of the Rosetta mission — has gone silent again, and scientists fear that it may have stopped communicating
for good.
Through the night of November 11 and into the morning of November 12, Rosetta and Philae will go through critical go - no - go tests in preparation
for landing
on comet 67P / Churyumov - Gerasimenko.