Sentences with phrase «on activity of genes»

The findings, published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, shed light on the activity of these genes and how they produce a natural immune response to the virus.

«Our team studied thousands of molecular clues in each of these samples, sifting through extensive data on the activity of genes, proteins, and other molecules to identify those of most interest,» said Katrina Waters, the leader of the PNNL team and a corresponding author of the paper.

«Our team studied thousands of molecular clues in each of these samples, sifting through extensive data on the activity of genes, proteins and other molecules to identify those of most interest,» says Katrina Waters, a biologist at PNNL and a corresponding author of the study.

The findings shed light on the activity of the gene WWOX.

«Our research focuses particularly on the activity of this gene and how it relates to neuroblastoma,» says Professor Marie Arsenian - Henriksson at the Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet.

Not exact matches

They asked the question, What controls the activity of a single gene, turning it on or off?

Epigenetics (literally «above the gene») is a recent scientific development that examines how particular mechanisms can influence whether certain genes are turned off, turned on, or modify a gene's level of activity.

«We wanted to find out if obesity - related genes and activity level have an interactive effect on obesity risk — if there is a «double whammy» effect of being both at genetic risk and physically inactive, beyond the additive effect of these factors,» said Dr. Wood.

Hands - on activities, including a three - dimensional computer - animated video of our genes, encourage guests to challenge and discuss their thoughts on the controversial topic.

Studies involving mice also helped to answer a key question: What turns on the activity of the per and tim genes in the first place?

PER and TIM block the ability of CLOCK to turn on these genes at the same time as they are producing the oscillations of the central feedback loop — setting up extended patterns of cycling gene activity.

Julius's team compared gene activity in different types of nerve cell from diamondback rattlesnakes, which all have shallow pits on their faces that detect heat.

In the journal Cell on July 27, researchers show how this DNA variant enhances the activity of a gene called endothelin - 1 (EDN1), which is known to promote vasoconstriction and hardening of the arteries.

«In contrast to RNA interference, which is commonly used to inactivate gene activity, the CRISPR - on system allows activation of cellular genes.

Prof. Khatri says the work still needs to be validated in a prospective trial, where the activity of these genes will be tested on samples from patients with suspected but undiagnosed malaria.

He has been able to piggyback on previous work on the development of the chick embryo: When researchers interested in some process use a stain to show gene activity, the stain affects the whole embryo, providing clues about which genes are active in tail growth.

The growth of publicly accessible data troves on genome sequences, gene activity, and protein structures and interactions has opened new territory for biologists.

For his part, Collins, who has led NIH since 2009 and been kept on by the Trump administration, pointed to an array of promising NIH activities, including the development of new technologies to provide insights into human brain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disease.

In a report that appears online in the journal Nature ¸ Dr. Arthur Beaudet, professor of molecular and human genetics at Baylor College of Medicine and a clinical geneticist at Texas Children's Hospital, and colleagues answer the question: «Can we turn on the activity of the paternal gene?»

So Axel Visel of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California focused on «enhancers»: short sequences of DNA — which are still sometimes called «junk» — that do not code for genes but can influence their activity.

Most research on epigenetics has focused on the way everyday experiences alter patterns of gene activity in DNA during life through a chemical process of gene tagging called methylation, which usually silences genes.

The results, which focus on two choices near the start of embryo formation, show that, when cells are making decisions about what to become, there is greater variation in the activity of the genes in different cells — the same genes may be turned on in some cells and off in others.

Our cells rely on RNAi — deploying diminutive RNA molecules such as microRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)-- to turn down activity of specific genes.

Typically, cells of the same type have matching patterns of gene activity — many of the same genes are turned off or on in all cells.

George Bray, who heads the clinical obesity and metabolism department at Louisiana State University, says environment and behavior — like lack of access to exercise facilities and overeating — so strongly affect gene activity that you can not focus on one while ignoring the other.

The researchers found: cord plasma increased the activity of several genes linked to neural plasticity and memory; young adult plasma activated a subset of the same genes; and older adult plasma had no effect on gene expression.

Further investigation, says Resar, showed that these unusual properties arise from the ability of HMGA1 to turn on several genes involved in the Wnt pathway, a network of proteins necessary for embryonic development and stem cell activity.

Several years ago, NCI scientists identified the two primary subtypes of DLBCL based on characteristic patterns of gene activity within the lymphoma cells.

Ornish, who has built a reputation on advocating healthy living, and U.C.S.F. colleagues report in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA that they found the activity of more than 500 genes in the normal tissue of 30 men with low - risk prostate cancer changed after the patients began exercising regularly and eating diets heavy in fruit, veggies and whole grain (supplemented with soy, fish oil, the mineral selenium and vitamins C and E) and low in red meat and fats.

In mammals, lizards, turtles, and alligators, in contrast, activity of the WNT gene is highest on the sides of the embryonic face.

«However, our new approach uses cutting - edge DNA sequencing technology to precisely measure the effects of thousands of sequences on gene activity at the same time.»

Several groups, for example, have outfitted dead Cas9s with various regulatory factors, enabling them to turn almost any gene on or off or subtly adjust its level of activity.

«Previous techniques that have been used to investigate DNA control sequences usually rely on sorting cells one by one and measuring gene activity in each of them,» says Dr Eva Yus, lead author of the paper.

By using insect activity monitors, the scientists assessed the effects of drug and gene therapy candidates on the flies» ability to move.

Based on studies of gene activity and immune cells, he found that these mammals have «domesticated» implantation's inflammatory response.

But as you said, as an individual eats a high - fat diet or is exposed to other types of environmental exposures, the ability of the liver to adapt involves turning on and turning off certain liver genes to control the liver's activity, and that's mediated through these epigenetic mechanisms that modify the activity of established liver genes.

Nestler: It's, to a first level of approximation, it's simple and straightforward, that there are a set number of modifications that could be made to the DNA itself or to the proteins that bind to DNA and control its structure, and activity and that those small number of modifications either turn a gene on or off.

«The movement of genes within the nucleus, captured here using live imaging, seems to play a role in switching their activity on and off,» said first author Dr Stefanie Rosa from the John Innes Centre.

The fan is only present on the second pair of legs, so the researchers compared the gene activity in the second pair to that of the first and third pairs.

To find out how DISC1 acts on synapses, the researchers also compared the activity levels of genes in the healthy neurons to those with the variation.

In the illustration, each tissue type is followed by the number of genes whose level of activity is controlled by nearby genes on the same chromosome (cis); those whose activity is associated with genes on other chromosomes (trans); and the number of tissue samples studied.

A quantitative assay of the suppressor tRNA activity in these mammalian cells is described; it is based on the amount of tRNA - mediated readthrough of a terminating codon in the influenza virus NS1 gene after the cells are infected with virus.

One extension of MRI called functional MRI can spot which brain areas are most active, but until now there hasn't been a high - resolution method for detecting enzyme activity — essentially a measure of what genes are turned on inside a cell.

Depending on the tissue type and what jobs that tissue is doing, distinct portions of DNA are unspooled to become available for activity through a structure called open chromatin, said Gregory Crawford, an associate professor of pediatrics and expert on gene expression.

Then, they added estrogen to see if gene activity changed, honing in on TLR8, an X chromosome - linked gene whose expression has already been implicated in the development of lupus.

To start, the scientists examined previous experiments and identified several transcription factors — managerial proteins that switch on the activity of large sets of genes — that seemed crucial to the ability of immature neurons to develop into adult sensory neurons.

Perera turned the full beam of her attention on Tycko as he explained how the cord - blood samples showed that the gene's activity varied and that it varied in ways that suggested the differences were not random but environmentally influenced.

Niakan's group focused on a gene called OCT4 (also known as POU5F1), a master regulator of gene activity, which is important in mouse embryo development.

Genes that are grouped together on chromosomes in other animals were dispersed in the octopus genome, likely as a result of transposon activity.

They sent soil samples for DNA testing, looking for matches with particular genes known to be found in microbes and fungi; they tried to stimulate microbial growth on a wide variety of substances and then count the cells produced; and they used highly sensitive radiorespiration activity assays, which involve feeding the soil microorganisms a food source which has been labelled with radioactive carbon, which can then be used to detect if the microorganisms are active.