Sentences with phrase «on ad libitum»

Assessment of order effects were of interest as they permitted examination of prior sleep history on ad libitum food intake and energy metabolism (i.e., continuous adequate 9 - h sleep opportunities followed by 5 - d sleep restriction and 5 - d sleep restriction followed by 5 - d, 9 - h adequate / recovery sleep opportunities).

The results may have been different on an ad libitum (eat until fullness) diet.

Sufficient food was provided on this ad libitum high - protein diet to allow subjects to consume up to 15 % more than their weight - maintaining daily caloric intake.

Not exact matches

Mice were housed at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus or at the German Institute of Human Nutrition in ventilated cages on a 12 h / 12 h light / dark cycle and fed standard chow ad libitum.

Acute ethanol as a 2nd «hit»: Here we employ a model in which acute binge alcohol is administered in addition to chronic ad libitum exposure (variously called acute on chronic, Gao - binge, or NIAAA model).

All mice were housed in our Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care - accredited barrier facility on a 12 h light / dark cycle, and given ad libitum access to food (NIH31 Diet, Harlan no. 7917) and water.

Mice were weaned at 3 weeks, maintained on a 12 - hour light cycle, and had ad libitum access to water and a standard rodent chow diet (PicoLab Rodent Diet 20, 5053; LabDiet) or a high - fat diet (TD.88137; Harlan Teklad).

Mice were raised on a 12 - h light / dark cycle, with food and water available ad libitum and were housed in groups of two to three per cage.

Compared to ad libitum fed controls, rodents maintained on IER (100 % ER / alternate days) for periods of 12 to 24 weeks typically exhibit lower post-treatment levels of fasting glucose 14, 16, 17, 29 and insulin.16, 17, 29 Using this particular IER protocol, Jiang et al28 have also demonstrated an increase in oral glucose tolerance and tissue insulin sensitivity (measured using a hyperinsulinemic - euglycemic clamp) after four weeks in healthy rats.

Individuals are then asked to consume an ad libitum or euenergetic intake on non-restricted days.

Design: Appetite, caloric intake, body weight, and fat mass were measured in 19 subjects placed sequentially on the following diets: a weight - maintaining diet (15 % protein, 35 % fat, and 50 % carbohydrate) for 2 wk, an isocaloric diet (30 % protein, 20 % fat, and 50 % carbohydrate) for 2 wk, and an ad libitum diet (30 % protein, 20 % fat, and 50 % carbohydrate) for 12 wk.

Covert manipulation of the ratio of medium - to long - chain triglycerides in isoenergetically dense diets: effect on food intake in ad libitum feeding men.

Protein deficiency is a strong driver of appetite, especially during pregnancy, so it's likely that if the mice had been allowed to feed ad libitum there would have been no problems on a 10 % protein chow.

Ad libitum food intake on a «cafeteria diet» in Native American women: relations with body composition and 24 - h energy expenditure

Replacement of dietary fat by sucrose or starch: effects on 14 d ad libitum energy intake, energy expenditure and body weight in formerly obese and never - obese subjects.

While alternate - day fasting leads to calorie restriction over a two - day period in many rodent species, in some strains of mice, the animals managed to compensate for the calorie deficit created on fast days by increasing their intake on feast days twofold and thus keeping the total calorie intake over a two day period at the same level as in mice fed an ad libitum diet (17).

Furthermore, when myocardial infarction was induced in rats maintained on an alternate - day fasting diet, reduced infarction size, improved cardiac function, and increased survival was observed, compared to rats fed ad libitum (24,33,43).

Furthermore, in an animal model of Huntington's disease, prolonged survival, reduced disease - associated weight loss and improved motor function was observed in animals on an alternate - day fasting diet compared to animals fed ad libitum (49).

Anson et al. showed that mice on alternate - day fasting regimen who consume the same amount of food in a 48 - hour period as mice fed ad libitum, decreased glucose and insulin concentrations to a similar degree as did mice on daily calorie restriction despite maintained energy intake and body weight (17).

However, C57BL / 6 mice maintained on the same alternate - day fasting regimen consume similar food quantities in a 48 - hour time period and maintain body weights similar to that of mice fed ad libitum (17).

They propose that animals on alternate - day fasting diets increase life span compared to those fed ad libitum (15,40).

When mice with progressive demyelinating disorders of the peripheral nervous system were put on an alternate - day fasting diet regime, hampered disease progression was observed as indicated by improved nerve morphology and performance compared to mice fed ad libitum (37).

Rats fed on alternate days showed preserved kidney function as demonstrated by preserved glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow, compared to rats fed ad libitum.

When an alternate - day fasting diet is implemented, overall calorie restriction and weight reduction occurs in most rodent species, indicating that the restriction on the fasting day isn't compensated fully on feasting days when food is offered ad libitum (18 - 34).

Mice on a 60 % fat diet were far healthier eating IF than ad libitum, but also fitter than mice given a 13 % fat diet as control.

Scientists have gone on to put people on low fat high carbohydrate diets (ad libitum, meaning completely unrestrained intake of carbohydrates), and the results are as good or better than the ADA recommend diet which restricts carbohydrates from entering the bloodstream to begin with.

In ADF, participants fast every other day and eat ad libitum on in - between days (25).

Furthermore, why overeating during ad libitum food availability occurred in the 9 - h condition is unclear, but perhaps not unexpected based on the availability and palatability of food provided (36), and comparisons of other feeding models during adequate versus insufficient sleep are needed.

Rats were fed ad libitum, meaning they could eat as much as they liked; they chose to eat twice as many calories on the ketogenic diet.

Adhering to these traditional concepts the US Department of Agriculture has concluded that diets, which reduce calories, will result in effective weight loss independent of the macronutrient composition, which is considered less important, even irrelevant.14 In contrast with these views, the majority of ad - libitum studies demonstrate that subjects who follow a low - carbohydrate diet lose more weight during the first 3 — 6 months compared with those who follow balanced diets.15, 16, 17 One hypothesis is that the use of energy from proteins in VLCKD is an «expensive» process for the body and so can lead to a «waste of calories», and therefore increased weight loss compared with other «less - expensive» diets.13, 18, 19 The average human body requires 60 — 65 g of glucose per day, and during the first phase of a diet very low in carbohydrates this is partially (16 %) obtained from glycerol, with the major part derived via gluconeogenesis from proteins of either dietary or tissue origin.12 The energy cost of gluconeogenesis has been confirmed in several studies7 and it has been calculated at ∼ 400 — 600 Kcal / day (due to both endogenous and food source proteins.18 Despite this, there is no direct experimental evidence to support this intriguing hypothesis; on the contrary, a recent study reported that there were no changes in resting energy expenditure after a VLCKD.20 A simpler, perhaps more likely, explanation for improved weight loss is a possible appetite - suppressant action of ketosis.

C) The rats were allowed to eat ad libitum on the IF days, but they simply did not meet their caloric requirements this way.

Effects of a high - protein ketogenic diet on hunger, appetite, and weight loss in obese men feeding ad libitum.

For the ad libitum feeding days, participants were given a monetary allowance ($ 25) to purchase foods and beverages of their choice to consume in the lab on days 5 and 6.

A study carried out on 48 Labrador Retrievers compared dogs fed ad libitum, with puppies that were fed on a more restricted diet.

Control dogs fed 1.1 % calcium and 0.9 % phosphorus (all on a dry matter basis) were fed ad libitum (n = 10) or in restricted amounts (n = 6); dogs fed high calcium (3.3 %) diets received either 0.9 % phosphorus (n = 6) or 3.0 % phosphorus (n = 6); dogs fed low calcium (0.55 %) diets received either 0.9 % phosphorus (n = 5 + 6) or 0.5 % phosphorus (n = 8).