To call for a per se
ban on autonomous weapons is to insist as a matter of [international humanitarian law] on preserving a minimum level of human error in targeting.
A number of consultations and meetings took place in the lead - up to the CCW experts meeting, including the first Chatham House conference on autonomous military technologies in London on 24 - 25 February and the first International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) experts
meeting on autonomous weapons systems in Geneva on 26 - 28 March, attended by representatives from 21 states.
Last month, nations agreed to hold a third meeting
on autonomous weapons at the CCW on 11 - 16 April 2016, ahead of a milestone five - year Review Conference of the CCW at the end of the year.
The Campaign to Stop Killer Robots will be working hard around the world in 2017 to support the development of national
policies on autonomous weapons systems.
First, the Russian Federation continues to object to more formal
talks on autonomous weapon systems on the grounds that it is premature to move forward since there is not a clear understanding of the subject under discussion.
Some 65 states have articulated their views
on autonomous weapons concerns, with most expressing the need to affirm the principle of human control over the selection of targets and use of force, indicating they see a need to draw the line at some point.
In a statement, press release, and briefing for delegates, the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots urged states at First Committee to articulate their
views on autonomous weapons concerns and indicate support for more work through an open - ended Group of Governmental Experts that can step - up the pace though expanded discussions.
Campaign representatives participated in
discussions on autonomous weapons in 2014 convened by the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, which issued a briefing paper in November on legal dimensions of the issue, as well as at the Washington DC - based Center for New American Security, which began a project on «ethical autonomy» in 2014.
It appears the new government led by Justin Trudeau will work to fulfill its goal of forming policy
on autonomous weapons in cooperation with civil society experts.
Jan. 29: Steve Goose, HRW and Prof. Ron Arkin of Georgia Tech
debate on autonomous weapons at the annual Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) conference in Austin, TX.
Brazil told the meeting that the CCW
process on autonomous weapons shouldn't preclude other UN bodies such as the Human Rights Council from taking action in accordance with their mandates.
She said «in past discussions at the CCW, some states have expressed concern that a
prohibition on autonomous weapons systems would have a negative impact on AI research more broadly.
It supports continued deliberations on «lethal autonomous weapons systems» at the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW) in Geneva in 2016, but believes it's time for states to step - up their CCW talks
on autonomous weapons by agreeing to a more substantive outcome - oriented mandate instead more informal discussions.
Prof. Christof Heyns, the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions issued a 2013 report for the Human Rights Council that called on all states to adopt a national
moratorium on autonomous weapons systems until new international law is achieved.
UPDATE: As of 15 January 2016, a total of 3,037 artificial intelligence and robotics researchers had signed the open letter calling for a ban
on autonomous weapons as well as more than 17,000 other endorsers.
Botswana, Kuwait, Lebanon, and Romania elaborated their views
on autonomous weapons for the first time, making a total of 62 states that have spoken on this topic since 2013.
On 29 January, Campaign to Stop Killer Robots spokesperson Stephen Goose of Human Rights Watch will debate Professor Ron Arkin of Georgia
Tech on autonomous weapons at the annual conference of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in Austin, Texas.
Academics around the world voice «huge concern» over KAIST's collaboration with defence company on autonomous weapons
The boycott comes ahead of a United Nations meeting in Geneva next
week on autonomous weapons, and more than 20 countries have already called for a total ban on killer robots.
An executive order establishing
limits on autonomous weapons will reinforce the contention that the United States places humanitarian concerns as a priority in fulfilling its defense responsibilities.
In the CCW's
work on autonomous weapons systems, we have learned more about Article 36 reviews but it is clear that states need to be more transparent, systemic and rigorous in their weapons review processes.
States including Austria, France, Ireland, Kuwait, the Netherlands, Pakistan, and Switzerland have spoken more than
once on autonomous weapons at the 2015 session of First Committee.
Mines Action Canada is calling on the Government of Canada to ensure meaningful public and Parliamentary involvement in drafting Canada's national
position on autonomous weapons systems prior to the United Nations talks on the subject later this year.
Angela Kane, who is now a fellow with the Vienna - based Center for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, described how states can use the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW) framework to negotiate another
protocol on autonomous weapons.
At the May 2014 meeting of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) meeting at the United Nations, 17 experts were invited to speak at the expert panels during the official
plenary on autonomous weapons, filling 18 aveots.
In January, Steve Goose and Ken Roth from Human Rights Watch talked with AI experts at the annual conference of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in Austin, Texas and at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland respectively, while ICRAC's Heather Roff
presented on autonomous weapons at a conference in Puerto Rico for prominent scientists and AI researchers from industry and academia.
The Republic of Moldova's Ambassador Tudor Ulianovschi is chairing Main Committee
II on autonomous weapons together with vice chair Ambassador Alice Guitton of France.
Nov. 21: The US Department of Defense issues a policy
directive on autonomous weapons, making the US the first government to spell out its policy on these weapons.
UPDATE: On 2 September, the ICRC issued a Frequently Asked Questions
paper on autonomous weapons that urged states to «assess the potential human cost and international humanitarian law implications of these new technologies of warfare.»
Nations should implement the
recommendations on autonomous weapons contained in the 2013 and 2014 reports to the Human Rights Council by the UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, including his call for a moratorium on fully autonomous weapons until new international law is achieved.
Brehm noted that «inclusiveness and breadth of perspectives has a number of concrete policy implications» and recommended that further discussions
on autonomous weapons engage a broad range of actors to ensure a diversity of views.
Mines Action Canada, as a co-founder of the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots, believes that the way forward must lead to a pre-emptive
ban on autonomous weapons systems as a tool to prevent humanitarian harm without damaging research and development on autonomy and robotics for military or civilian purposes.