Sentences with phrase «on brain activation»

As the interest of this study lay in the role of individual differences in the BAS on brain activation during task - switching, only the SR measures were considered in our analysis.

Using fMRI techniques, we will study the effects of intranasal oxytocin and social support on brain activation patterns and functional connectivity in the acute aftermath of the traumatic event.

Not exact matches

In addition, because it tests for verbal memory, the SAC can not identify athletes who may suffer measurable impairment of neurocognitive function (primarily visual working memory) on neurocognitive tests, as well as altered activation in neurophysiologic function on sophisticated brain imaging tests (fMRI), resulting from repeated sub-concussive blows to the head.

Although scientists have long suspected that RHI caused brain damage, especially in boxers, a 2010 study of high school football players by researchers at Purdue University [1,13] was the first to identify a completely unexpected and previously unknown category of players who, though they displayed no clinically - observable signs of concussion, were found to have measurable impairment of neurocognitive function (primarily visual working memory) on computerized neurocognitive tests, as well as altered activation in neurophysiologic function on sophisticated brain imaging tests (fMRI).

The activation of the serve - and - return wiring in the brain, provide the basis of healthy brain architecture: particularly in relation to life - long mental well - being, empathy, emotional regulation, and cognitive skills (Feldman, Rosenthal & Eidelman, 2014; National Scientific Council on the Developing Child, 2004; World Health Organisation, 2004).

It also helps the activation of the serve - and - return wiring in the brain, provide the basis of healthy brain architecture: particularly in relation to life - long mental well - being, empathy, emotional regulation, and cognitive skills (Feldman, Rosenthal & Eidelman, 2014; National Scientific Council on the Developing Child, 2004; World Health Organisation, 2004).

«While previous studies at McLean and elsewhere have focused on the behavioral symptoms produced by such immune activation, this study goes deeper, going to the cellular level to show how the brain's neural circuits are affected.»

In addition, compared to mice on a regular diet, brain cells from animals in the olive oil group showed a dramatic increase in nerve cell autophagy activation, which was ultimately responsible for the reduction in levels of amyloid plaques and phosphorylated tau.

Neurons, the functional units of our brain, develop through differentiation of neuronal precursors, a process that depends on coordinated activation of hundreds and possibly thousands of neuron - specific genes.

It is based on the «self - regulation» of brain activations underpinned by the principles of feedback control systems.

Buckholtz and colleagues found no correlation between neural activation and punishment magnitude in rDLPFC, however, suggesting that this brain region does not directly underlie the decision on the amount of punishment.

The brain areas that showed greater activation on warmer days were regions typically activated by MS patients during task performance: the frontal, dorsolateral, prefrontal and parietal cortex.

Increased brain activation required by MS patients on warmer days to perform a simple task may signify neural inefficiency.»

«Now, we can quantify changes in brain activation as trainees master surgical tasks on a simulator and transfer to more clinically relevant environments,» Mr. Nemani said.

«Noninvasive brain imaging shows readiness of trainees to perform operations: Surgeons who trained on simulator had higher level of cortical activation and faster times for cutting tasks.»

«These findings question a long - held paradigm that myelin - specific T cells initiate inflammation in the brain through activation of microglia and brain macrophages,» says Scott Zamvil, MD, PhD, a professor of neurology at the University of California, San Francisco and co-author on the paper.

But her most important achievement, she thinks, was shedding new light on the physiology of brain activation by using a variety of different contrast agents.

The techniques, known as multivoxel pattern analysis and representational dissimilarity analysis, showed which songs Sting found similar to one another and which ones are dissimilar — based not on tests or questionnaires, but on activations of brain regions.

NIRSIT is a device based on the near - infrared spectroscopy principle, which (a) utilizes light to detect hemodynamic changes in the cerebral blood flow and (b) visualizes brain activation regions in the prefrontal area of the brain in real time.

«Some of the brain's connectivity maps is hardwired, possibly dependent on genetically - driven processes that do not need any external sensory information for their activation, while other process might indeed need visual input to specialize,» Amedi said.

In addition, no difference was seen in the active versus the control group in their response to sexual and aversive cues, indicating that the effects of baclofen on cue - induced brain activation were specific to drug cues.

By using a machine - learning algorithm, the research team was able to understand the relationship between sentence meaning and brain activation patterns in English and then recognize sentence meaning based on activation patterns in Portuguese.

Children with the lowest scores on the social cognition tests showed atypical responses to the unknown words — no response at all, for example, or activity in a different part of the brain, while those with the higher scores showed a more typical pattern of brain activation in the left hemisphere, the authors report online today in PLOS ONE.

Kim Cecil, a chemist and professor of radiology at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and an expert on the impact of lead on the brain, has found that whereas the language - function region of the brain's left hemisphere is perturbed by chronic lead exposure, corresponding regions in its right hemisphere show increased activation in the presence of blood lead levels above current levels of concern.

For this study, Dr. Chen and colleagues used fMRI to evaluate the effect of age on working memory performance and functional activation in the brain after MTBI.

The article, «Cognitive fatigue in individuals with traumatic brain injury is associated with caudate activation,» was published online on August 21, 2017, in Scientific Reports.

The anti-apoptotic effect of BES was dependent on the activation of the PI3K / Akt signaling cascade and an increase in brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production.

Analysis focused on 22 regions of interest where brain activation increased during the task, with particular attention to those regions» interactions with an area previously shown to play a role in identifying speech sounds.

The new study is the first to show a characteristic pattern of brain activation in a «social» situation involving the assessment of another person's trustworthiness, says psychologist Lisbeth Nielsen of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) in Bethesda, Maryland.

By looking at activation of different brain regions while test subjects were exposed to different listening conditions, Dr. Johnsrude's research has revealed that the early processing of sound, which occurs in a brain region called the primary auditory cortex, depends on higher - level linguistic knowledge encoded in other regions of the brain.

In a follow up study, Arzy et al. showed that the location and timing of brain activation depended on whether mental imagery is performed with mentally embodied or disembodied self location.

To examine alterations in brain activation associated with pharmacologically induced memory impairment, we used functional MRI (fMRI) to study the effects of lorazepam and scopolamine on a face - name

In different experiments we will examine the effects of exogenous (intranasal oxytocin) and endogenous (providing social support) oxytocin on fear and reward related brain activation patterns, functional connectivity, stress reactivity and trauma - related psychopathology symptoms.

Immediate and lasting effects of chronic daily methamphetamine exposure on activation of cells in hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal axis - associated brain regions.

Acute Caffeine Administration Impact on Working Memory - Related Brain Activation and Functional Connectivity in the Elderly: a Bold and Perfusion MRI Study.

Dr. Elias and the OCAR primarily focus on understanding why ERP works (e.g., fear tolerance versus fear habituation; the roles of guilt, willingness, and acceptance; patterns of brain activation during exposure; functional connectivity among brain regions), tailoring treatment to the individual (e.g., elucidation of predictors of response and their underlying processes / mechanisms and neural correlates; rigorous diagnostic characterization of obsessive compulsive related disorders), and evaluating innovative treatments and augmentation strategies (e.g., acceptance and commitment therapy; optimization of inhibitory learning; pharmacological augmentation).

The article, «Cognitive fatigue in individuals with traumatic brain injury is associated with caudate activation,» was published online on August 21, 2017, in Scientific Reports (10.1038 / s41598 -017-08846-6).

Three recent experimental studies focused on low consumption / exposure.949596 In one study, 29 smokers each consumed a single cigarette, immediately after which they had a significant decrease in blood vessel output power and significant increase in blood vessel ageing level and remaining blood volume 25 minutes later, as markers of atherosclerosis.94 In another study, human coronary artery endothelial cells were exposed to the smoke equivalent to one cigarette, which led to activation of oxidant stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 and up - regulation of cytochrome p450, considered to have a role in the development of heart disease.95 These effects were not seen when heart cells were exposed to the vapour from one e - cigarette.95 A study exposed adult mice to low intensity tobacco smoke (two cigarettes) for one to two months and found adverse histopathological effects on brain cells.96

The stimulation of different acupoints in the same spinal segment could induce different fMRI activation patterns in the brain [142] while acupoints on the same meridian show some similarities in the activation / deactivation pattern [23].

From the descriptive view on the data it seems that compared to sham, verum acupuncture tended to be associated with more activation in the basal ganglia, brain stem, cerebellum, and insula and more deactivation was seen in the so - called «default mode network» and limbic brain areas, such as the amygdala and the hippocampus.

The data on acupuncture point specific changes in brain activation and deactivation are shown in Table S2, originating from 76 publications [15], [16], [22], [24], [27], [31], [33], [42], [45]--[47], [51]--[53], [55], [57]--[59], [61], [63], [64], [67], [69], [81]--[107][29], [34], [37], [39], [40], [43], [73], [108]--[126] addressing 37 acupuncture points.

The research suggests that «activation of the insula, which forms part of the empathy - relevant network, can have an inhibiting effect in some people on brain areas important for taking someone else's perspective.

Author Alice Ely, now a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Diego, had already studied how women's brains respond to images of fatty foods on an empty and full stomach and found that both their hunger status and dieting history did influence brain activation patterns.

The brain depends on oxygen and activation from muscle and joint receptors on a continual basis.

Ketones not only provide a high quality source of energy for the brain but trigger the activation of special proteins that function in brain cell maintenance, repair, and growth, thus providing a therapeutic effect on the brain.

Peters et al. (2014) found no effects of partial sleep deprivation on subsequent conditioning - related brain activation.

A spirit of inquiry is about cognitive activation - getting students to do maths with the brain switched on, if you like.

According to the Center on the Developing Child, «extensive research on the biology of stress now shows that healthy development can be derailed by excessive or prolonged activation of stress response systems in the body and brain.»

In the study, published in Sage Journals in February, they found that back - and - forth banter (or, conversational turns) strongly correlated with both more brain activation and stronger scores on tests.

Children who are relatively less affected by conflict receive higher parental ratings of EC and higher scores on laboratory measures of inhibitory control.12 Moreover, using experimental tasks is particularly effective when it comes to understanding the brain basis underlying children's control skills, because the child can perform those tasks while neural activation is registered with brain imaging techniques.