Sentences with phrase «on brain volume»

Based on the behavioral data in humans and the neurobiological data in animals, we hypothesized that an effect of poverty on these brain volume outcomes would be found.

Physical or mental activity levels also appeared to have little impact on brain volume or the brain's sugar metabolism (energy use), the researchers said.

Walker said that the effect of one standard deviation increase in the overall inflammation score in mid-life on brain volume decades later was similar to the effect associated with having one copy of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 gene that increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

The goal of this study was to utilize quantitative MRI to evaluate the impact of macronutrient (carbohydrate, protein, fat) and energy intake throughout the duration of the NICU stay on brain volumes and white matter development in very premature infants at term - equivalent age (TEA).

Indirect Effects of Income - to - Needs at Baseline on Brain Volumes at Follow - up Through Parent Education, Supportive / Hostile Caregiving, and Children's Stressful Life Events From Follow - up Until Scan

Here we first established the relationship between the predictor (income - to - needs ratio) and the potential mediators (caregiver education, parenting, and life events), and then examined the relationships of the mediators to the outcome (brain volume) and, when significant, whether they reduced the direct effect of income - to - needs ratio on brain volumes.

Not exact matches

Perhaps it's because your brain is still working on low - volume, cobbling together connections that eluded it when your focus was too rigorously directed in one place.

Volume XIV, Number 1 Sleeping on It: The Most Important Activity of a School Day — Arthur Auer Advantages and Disadvantages of Brain Research for Education — Christian Rittelmeyer What Makes Waldorf, Waldorf?

It looks like prenatal stress turns up the volume on your baby's HPA axis, programming the brain and hormone network that's responsible for managing stress.

In this slim volume, Tough pulls together decades of social science research on the impacts of poverty and trauma on kids» brains and behavior, and makes a cogent, convincing argument for why this research should lie at the center of any discussions about reform.

The band is designed to address mTBI through the application of light pressure on the neck, which in turn mildly increases blood volume in the vein structure of the brain.

Physical punishment is associated with a range of mental health problems in children, youth and adults, including depression, unhappiness, anxiety, feelings of hopelessness, use of drugs and alcohol, and general psychological maladjustment.26 — 29 These relationships may be mediated by disruptions in parent — child attachment resulting from pain inflicted by a caregiver, 30,31 by increased levels of cortisol32 or by chemical disruption of the brain's mechanism for regulating stress.33 Researchers are also finding that physical punishment is linked to slower cognitive development and adversely affects academic achievement.34 These findings come from large longitudinal studies that control for a wide range of potential confounders.35 Intriguing results are now emerging from neuroimaging studies, which suggest that physical punishment may reduce the volume of the brain's grey matter in areas associated with performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS - III).36 In addition, physical punishment can cause alterations in the dopaminergic regions associated with vulnerability to the abuse of drugs and alcohol.37

The researchers found that when kids had three or more adverse experiences, they also had smaller brain volumes that, in turn, were associated with lower scores on a scale that measures how well a child expresses emotions.

To Miller, however, this didn't explain how the executive areas of the brain could «turn up the volume» on memories associated with free juice.

He is planning to conduct a prescribed exercise intervention in a population of healthy older adults with genetic and other risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and to measure the impact on hippocampal volume and brain function.

After controlling for factors known to influence brain volume and cognitive test scores, such as age and gender, the researchers found that a higher self - reported frequency of game playing was significantly associated with greater brain volume in several regions involved in Alzheimer's disease (such as the hippocampus) and with higher cognitive test scores on memory and executive function.

Among their goals for this system are: a higher density electrode array to allow for more precise targeting on neurons, new recording circuits that vastly increase the volume of data captured, and a new wireless power and telemetry technology that allows for real - time data transmission from the brain.

Normally, the brain works out where sounds are coming from by relying on information from both ears located on opposite sides of the head, such as differences in volume and time delay in sounds reaching the two ears.

Tanabe's team used MRI scans to measure the brain volumes of 59 people previously dependent on stimulants and compared them with people who have never been dependent on these kinds of drugs.

Years of studies in children on the autism spectrum suggest they have an increased brain volume that may correlate with the severity of their symptoms.

The researchers obtained brain MRI scans on participants before and after the study, and found that resveratrol - treated patients lost more brain volume than the placebo - treated group.

They have brains no larger than a chimpanzee's — with a volume around 400 — 500 cm3 -, but walk upright on two legs.

Given that the So'a hominins were already hobbit - sized 700,000 years ago, and that H. erectus didn't arrive on neighbouring islands until about 1.2 million years ago, the hominins would have had only a few 100,000 years to shrink perhaps 70 centimetres to just 1 metre tall, and shed about half their adult brain volume.

«An appetite suppressant must either work by providing volume so we don't feel hungry in the stomach, or through the bloodstream on appetite centres in the brain.»

Even when the investigators removed the scans of 16 participants who were dependent on alcohol as well as cocaine, the link between cocaine use and brain volume loss remained.

Though much of the concern in the media regarding the toxic effects of Zika virus has focused on brain findings of microcephaly, the researchers noted that there are a variety of brain abnormalities that can be found in fetuses exposed to the virus, including gray and white matter volume loss, brainstem abnormalities, calcifications, and a condition called ventriculomegaly, where the ventricles, or fluid filled spaces in the brain, are enlarged.

Based on the rate of this activity, the team estimates that microglia survey the entire volume of the brain every few hours.

One cranium has a huge brain volume of 1800 cubic centimeters — on the upper end for both Neandertals and moderns — plus a Neandertal - like hollow in a bone on the back of its skull.

In normal mice, ginkgo halved the volume of brain tissue injured after a stroke, but it had little effect on mutant mice that lacked heme oxygenase.

Compared to the people with no elevated levels, people with elevated levels on three or more biomarkers had on average 5 percent lower volume in the hippocampus and other areas of the brain associated with Alzheimer's disease.

His team found that people who scored highly on a questionnaire rating distractability had larger than average volumes of grey matter in a brain region called the left superior parietal lobe, or SPL (Journal of Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1523 / jneurosci.5864 - 10.2011).

On average, males had larger absolute volumes than females in the intracranial space (12 %; > 14,000 brains), total brain (11 %; 2,523 brains), cerebrum (10 %; 1,851 brains), grey matter (9 %; 7,934 brains), white matter (13 %; 7,515 brains), regions filled with cerebrospinal fluid (11.5 %; 4,484 brains), and cerebellum (9 %; 1,842 brains).

They found that males on average have larger total brain volumes than women (by 8 - 13 %).

Building on this work, the team has now determined that there are seven areas in our DNA where differences in the genetic code are associated with intracranial volume, which is the size of the skull cavity in which the brain resides.

* «Midlife systemic inflammatory markers are associated with late - life brain volume: The ARIC study» by Walker et al. published in Neurology on Wednesday 1st November.

Full dataset on brain size, body size, diet, social / mating systems, group size and estimates of early Eocene fossil primate brain volumes, complied from published literature sources.

«That brain volume (about 500cc), implies significantly less brain power than recent humans,» added Stringer, who authored a paper commenting on the finds.

Three recent experimental studies focused on low consumption / exposure.949596 In one study, 29 smokers each consumed a single cigarette, immediately after which they had a significant decrease in blood vessel output power and significant increase in blood vessel ageing level and remaining blood volume 25 minutes later, as markers of atherosclerosis.94 In another study, human coronary artery endothelial cells were exposed to the smoke equivalent to one cigarette, which led to activation of oxidant stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 and up - regulation of cytochrome p450, considered to have a role in the development of heart disease.95 These effects were not seen when heart cells were exposed to the vapour from one e - cigarette.95 A study exposed adult mice to low intensity tobacco smoke (two cigarettes) for one to two months and found adverse histopathological effects on brain cells.96

Stretching routines also increased brain volume over a six - month period, but had no noticeable impact on brain function.

Much of these studies have relied on voxel - based morphometry, providing estimates of the cortical volume of the brain.

««The brain can say turn up the volume on this pain information that's coming in.»

One of the links between macronutrient consumption and another on the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in neurodevelopment, and its link to premature births.1 Nutrition's influence on premature infant brain volume The number -LSB-...]

Belinda S Lennerz, David C Alsop, Laura M Holsen, Emily Stern, Rafael Rojas, Cara B Ebbeling, Jill M Goldstein, David S Ludwig; Effects of dietary glycemic index on brain regions related to reward and craving in men, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 98, Issue 3, 1 September 2013, Pages 641 — 647, https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.064113

Along with the SNS, the brain, therefore, has two primary regulatory systems that it relies on to maintain appropriate levels of blood pressure, cardiac filling volume, blood volume, and potassium / sodium balance in the body.

The analysis of 121 people found that those with lower vitamin B12 levels scored worse on cognitive tests, and had smaller brain volumes as revealed by MRI scans.

Piepmeier, Aaron T., et al. «Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) as a Potential mechanism of the Effects of Burst Exercise on Cognitive Performance,» Journal of Sport and Health Science, Volume 4, issue 1 (2015): 14 - 23.

Researchers have found that BDNF levels decline progressively with age.10 Lommatzsch, M., et al. «The Impact of Age, Weight and Gender on BDNF Levels in Human Platelets and Plasma,» Neurobiology of Aging 26 (2005):... continue At the same time that BDNF levels decrease, the volume of the hippocampus (primary center for emotion and memory) also decreases.11 Erickson, K.L., et al. «Brain - Derived Neurotrophic Factor is Associated with Age - Related Decline in Hippocampal Volume, Journal of Neuroscience 30,... continue In fact, in some neurological diseases, such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease, BDNF levels are low or deficient.12 Laske, C., et al. «Decreased Brain - Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and B - Thromboglobulin Blood Levels in Alzheimer's Disease,» Journal of... covolume of the hippocampus (primary center for emotion and memory) also decreases.11 Erickson, K.L., et al. «Brain - Derived Neurotrophic Factor is Associated with Age - Related Decline in Hippocampal Volume, Journal of Neuroscience 30,... continue In fact, in some neurological diseases, such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease, BDNF levels are low or deficient.12 Laske, C., et al. «Decreased Brain - Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and B - Thromboglobulin Blood Levels in Alzheimer's Disease,» Journal of... coVolume, Journal of Neuroscience 30,... continue In fact, in some neurological diseases, such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease, BDNF levels are low or deficient.12 Laske, C., et al. «Decreased Brain - Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and B - Thromboglobulin Blood Levels in Alzheimer's Disease,» Journal of... continue

Phones on high volume with constant use could adversely affect our hearing, constant tapping onto a screen might give us repetitive strain syndrome neck and back problems, and the heat from mobile devices might be penetrating our skulls and frying our brains.

There are precedents that parallel our apparently paradoxical finding.36, 37 In a β - amyloid immunization trial among those with probable Alzheimer disease, immunization led to significant clinical benefit, reduced β - amyloid load, and reduced brain volume.36 The investigators hypothesized that removal of β - amyloid and / or other protein constituents from brain tissue may have caused cerebral fluid shifts, resulting in brain volume reductions on magnetic resonance imaging.

I accidentally sat on the volume control during one late scene of shattering glass and was surprised, and delighted, to leave part of my brain on the couch.