Sentences with phrase «on calcification rates»
These responses include impacts on calcification rates [18,19], immune function [20], reproduction and carryover effects in larval and juvenile stages of invertebrates [21], enhanced productivity in phytobenthos [22 — 25] but reduced calcification and growth in calcareous algae [26 — 28].
http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/ Not exact matches
In addition, reductions in calcification from lowered pH in surface waters could reduce phytoplankton sinking rates through loss of ballast (Hofmann and Schellnhuber, 2009), though this effect will depend on the ratio of the fraction of ballasted vs. un-ballasted fractions of the sinking POC.
In the Nature study you state that previous work has not determined the impact of acidification on the ability of individual species to calcify because they measured net calcification (that is, gross calcification minus dissolution) thus failing to disentangle the relative contributions of gross calcification (the amount of carbonate deposited by an animal over time) and dissolution rates.
These may be driven by physiological influences on the foraminiferal microenvironment; a novel explanation is also suggested for the reduced δ11B - pH sensitivities observed in culture, based on variable calcification rates.
Since you state that a decrease in net calcification could result from a decrease in gross calcification, an increase in dissolution rates, or both, you distinguish between these responses and get to the conclusion that the impact of ocean acidification on a creature's net calcification may be largely controlled by the status of its protective organic cover and that the net slowdown in skeletal growth under increased CO2 occurs not because these organisms are unable to calcify, but rather because their unprotected skeleton is dissolving faster.
Remember, the reason these tests have such high cancer - detection rates is because they screen women for any small thing — like calcification on a mammogram — that could potentially indicate cancer.
We show that different model assumptions regarding dissolution and calcification rates have little impact on future projections.
Moreover, using the average emission scenario (IS92a) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we predict that the calcification rate of scleractinian - dominated communities may decrease by 21 % between the pre-industrial period (year 1880) and the time at which pCO2 will double (year 2065).
In addition, they state that there was «no significant correlation between calcification rate and seawater aragonite saturation (Ωarag)» and «no evidence of CO2 impact on bleaching.»
A growing number of studies have demonstrated adverse impacts on marine organisms, including decreases in rates of coral calcification, reduced ability of algae and zooplankton to maintain protective shells, and reduced survival of larval marine shellfish and fish [13], [14], [15].
Coastal ecosystems may show acidification or basification, depending on the balance between the invasion of coastal waters by anthropogenic CO2, watershed export of alkalinity, organic matter and CO2, and changes in the balance between primary production, respiration and calcification rates in response to changes in nutrient inputs and losses of ecosystem components.