Sentences with phrase «on cirrus»

The direct RF of sulphate and of soot aerosols was likewise quantified along with that of contrails, but the impact on cirrus clouds that are sometimes generated downwind of contrails was not.

Zerefos, C.S., K. Eleftheratos, D.S. Balis, P. Zanis, G. Tselioudis, and C. Meleti, 2003: Evidence of impact of aviation on cirrus cloud formation.

No best estimates are available for the net forcing from spreading contrails and their effects on cirrus cloudiness.

This section only assesses the aspects that are unique to the aviation sector, namely the formation of persistent condensation trails (contrails), their impact on cirrus cloudiness, and the effects of aviation aerosols.

In addition, researchers calculated the changes in the shortwave and longwave and net radiation between the pre-industrial simulation and the present - day simulations to estimate the radiative forcing resulting from the aerosol effects on cirrus clouds.

Not exact matches

Besides SSCE, scientists have also been investigating stratospheric sulfur injections — firing sun - reflecting aerosols into the air, similar to the cooling effect after a volcanic eruption — and cirrus cloud thinning, where you thin the top level of clouds, which have a warming effect on the planet.

According to Beat in his nomination letter, «She is an excellent scientist whose research has greatly increased our knowledge of the radiative impact of cirrus clouds on the tropics.

Four other instruments on board the aircraft measure the physical properties of droplets and ice crystals in high monsoon and cirrus clouds.

Soden, B.J., 2004: The impact of tropical convection and cirrus on upper tropospheric humidity: A Lagrangian analysis of satellite measurements.

For example, they will use data from the ARM field campaign SPARTICUS (Small Particles in Cirrus) between November 2009 and March 2010, which will focus specifically on measuring properties of cirrus clouds.

In the Pacific, the science focus was on tropical maritime convection and associated cirrus outflow.

Our analysis suggests that the excess ratio is more likely due to faint infrared sources lying on fluctuating cirrus foreground.

SUEDE / CIRRUS STITCH PREMIUM LEATHER SEATING SURFACES W / R LOGO - inc: premium leather dash door trim center console trim and metallic foot pedals Carbon Leather Stripe only applies to TP01 / 24/17 / 18 Contrast stitchhing applies to the fascia doors and carpet mats only on TP24 17 and 18

Edition 1 model includes Night package, red accents on the radiator grille and exterior mirrors, and AMG sports stripes in matt graphite grey above the side sill panels; optional Intelligent Light System includes red accents on the headlamps, AMG multi-spoke alloy wheels in matt black with special AMG hub caps featuring a centre - locking look, red brake callipers, 8 x 19 alloy wheels with 235/35 R 19 tyres, spoiler lip in high - gloss black on the boot lid, choice of 2 standard (cirrus white, night black) and 4 optional (cosmos black metallic, mountain grey metallic, polar silver metallic, designo polar silver magno) body colours.

An exclusive A 45 AMG «Edition 1» version adds an AMG Night package and Aerodynamics package as well as AMG sports stripes in matt graphite grey on the bonnet, roof and sides of the model's cirrus white exterior.

However, as of this writing only Belize Bank ATMs — of which there are 10 around the country — accept ATM cards issued outside Belize — they must be on the PLUS or CIRRUS networks.

At the recent European Geophysical Union conference, there were posters on banner clouds on the Zugspitze, the role of cubic ice crystals in high cirrus formation, and the role of global cooling in the fall of the Neanderthals.

«While low clouds have a predominantly cooling effect due to their shading of sunlight, most cirrus clouds have a net warming effect on the Earth,» Spencer said.

goodsprk: It relies on not simply CO2, but on feedback from increased CO2 raising the temperature which increases the water vapor in the atmosphere which the alarmist assume will actually breaking up the low level clouds and forming high level cirrus clouds that will trap more heat.

It relies on not simply CO2, but on feedback from increased CO2 raising the temperature which increases the water vapor in the atmosphere which the alarmist assume will actually breaking up the low level clouds and forming high level cirrus clouds that will trap more heat.

If the Sun is close to the horizon and feathery cirrus clouds sit high in the sky, «ghost» images of the Sun will sometimes materialize on either side of it, giving the appearance of three Suns shining in the sky.

Jackson, R.C., G.M. McFarquhar, A. Fridlind, and R. Atlas, 2015: The dependence of cirrus gamma size distributions expressed as volumes in N0 - λ - μ phase space and bulk cloud properties on environmental conditions: Results from Small Ice Particles in Cirrus Experiment (SPARTICUS).

NASA's recent Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers - Florida Area Cirrus Experiment focused on anvil cirrus clouds, an important but poorly understood element of our climate system.

The meeting will mainly cover the following themes, but can include other topics related to understanding and modelling the atmosphere: ● Surface drag and momentum transport: orographic drag, convective momentum transport ● Processes relevant for polar prediction: stable boundary layers, mixed - phase clouds ● Shallow and deep convection: stochasticity, scale - awareness, organization, grey zone issues ● Clouds and circulation feedbacks: boundary - layer clouds, CFMIP, cirrus ● Microphysics and aerosol - cloud interactions: microphysical observations, parameterization, process studies on aerosol - cloud interactions ● Radiation: circulation coupling; interaction between radiation and clouds ● Land - atmosphere interactions: Role of land processes (snow, soil moisture, soil temperature, and vegetation) in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction ● Physics - dynamics coupling: numerical methods, scale - separation and grey - zone, thermodynamic consistency ● Next generation model development: the challenge of exascale, dynamical core developments, regional refinement, super-parametrization ● High Impact and Extreme Weather: role of convective scale models; ensembles; relevant challenges for model development

Every model assumes that tropical - region cirrus cloud cover, which has a net warming effect on surface temperatures, increases with increasing surface temperature — a positive feedback.

What I like about this approach is that it can be matched to observational data on humidity, ice extent, cloud extent and type (low, cooling clouds and high cirrus clouds that can exert a warming effect).

A simple conceptual model of cirrus horizontal inhomogeneity and cloud amount in cirrus clouds has been formulated on the basis that internal horizontal inhomogeneity in the ice mixing ratio is due to variations in the cloud depth, which are assumed to be Gaussian.

Their relatively good spectral resolution makes infrared sounders very useful for the determination of cloud properties (day and night), and their coarse spatial resolution has less effect on clouds with large spatial extents like cirrus clouds.

Xianglei Huang, Hui Su [1] GFDL AM2 model simulations are analyzed to assess the simulated radiative effect of tropical tropopause layer (TTL) cirrus on tropical troposphere - to - stratosphere transport (TST).

On top of this, large questions remain over how cirrus cloud thinning could affect other aspects of the climate system, such as atmospheric circulation, the paper concludes:

The overall heat - trapping effect of cirrus clouds is so large that it exceeds that of human - released CO2, says Prof Ulrike Lohmann, an atmospheric scientist from ETH Zurich who recently published a review on cloud thinning in Science.

Depending on how much moisture is in the air, contrails can be long - lived, spreading out to look more like the wispy cirrus clouds made by Nature.

An average cirrus emissivity relationship between 12 and 11 μm is developed here using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite instrument and is used to «retrieve» the PSD based on six different PSD schemes.

A ground - truth dataset based on two aircraft mission periods flying particle probes through cirrus over a ground - based cloud radar is developed.

In a paper examining trends in cirrus (due to contrails) between 1971 and 1995, Minnis et al. (JC, 2004) showed negative trends in Rh at 300 mb over most non-polar areas based on the NCEP reanalysis.

Chemically, there will be an increase in ozone depletion (due to increases in heterogenous surface chemistry in the stratosphere), increases in acid rain, possibly an increase in high cirrus cloud cover due to indirect effects of the sulphates on cloud lifetime.

Our findings regarding global radiative forcing by contrail cirrus will allow their effects to be included in studies assessing the impacts of aviation on climate and appropriate mitigation options.

Hi folks, I guess this should really wait until a posting on clouds, but I started a new blog called «Head in A Cloud», focused on current research in cloud physics and in particular cirrus (my research) and upper troposphere / lower stratosphere topics.

Eleftheratos, K., C.S. Zerefos, P. Zanis, D.S. Balis, G. Tselioudis, K. Gierens, and R. Sausen, 2007: A study on natural and manmade global interannual fluctuations of cirrus cloud cover for the period 1984 - 2004.

Chemically, there will be an increase in ozone depletion (due to increases in heterogeneous surface chemistry in the stratosphere), increases in acid rain, possibly an increase in high cirrus cloud cover due to indirect effects of the sulphates on cloud lifetime.

It indicated that contrails — white lines of Vapor left by jet engines — also have big knock - on effects by adding to the formation of high - altitude, heat - trapping cirrus clouds as the lines break up.

I did recently read Lindzen's paper on the Faint Young Sun paradox, and a possible resolution involving cirrus clouds.

Richard Lindzen, on page 19 of his new new paper titled «Can thin cirrus clouds in the tropics provide a solution to the Faint Young Sun paradox?»