I was interviewed recently for a news article
on climate model tuning, which said:... nearly every model has been calibrated precisely to the 20th century climate records — otherwise it would have ended up in the trash.
Not exact matches
This is because the
models are based
on equations representing the best understanding of the physical processes that govern
climate, and in 2001 they were not fine -
tuned to reproduce the most recent data.
He wants to know why Earth's global
climate models break down
on Venus, which has an atmosphere composed of 97 percent carbon dioxide — and what that reveals about the hidden fine -
tunings of Earth
models.
The new
model developed at Princeton has the power to examine a number of
climate - related scenarios, and their impacts
on varying populations,
on a finer -
tuned scale.
«As Earth continues to warm, it may be approaching a critical
climate threshold beyond which rapid and potentially permanent — at least
on a human time - scale — changes not anticipated by
climate models tuned to modern conditions may occur,» the report says.
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If a Ferrari is a bit beyond your budget, try this
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model is
tuned for comfort rather than extreme handling).
(Full disclosure, I spoke to him a couple of times for this article and I'm working
on tuning description paper for the US
climate modeling centers).
My experience is that most groups do not «precisely»
tune their
models to 20th Century trends or
climate sensitivity, but given this example and the Hourdin results, more clarity
on exactly what is done (whether explicitly or implicitly) is needed.
This is quite subtle though — weather forecast
models obviously do better if they have initial conditions that are closer to the observations, and one might argue that for particular
climate model predictions that are strongly dependent
on the base climatology (such as for Arctic sea ice)
tuning to the climatology will be worthwhile.
With «mean
climate», surely the
model ensemble mean is meant, however the «real data» to base the
tuning on by definition is restricted to the single realisation of Earth's
climate (including cloud cover caused by, for instance, multi-decadal oscillations instead of AGW feedback).
Climate models generally are based
on physics and specifically not «
tuned» to reproduce any trends, so a match to trends is a real test.
Thus Figure 1 depicts the IPCC TAR Scenario A2 temperature projection based
on a simple
climate model which was
tuned to the seven Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation
Models (AOCGMs).
If the
models show a lack of skill and need
tuning with respect to predicting (in hindcast) even the current
climate statistics
on multi-decadal time scales (much less than CHANGES in
climate statistics), they are not ready to be used as robust projection tools for the coming decades.
I suspect that many, although perhaps not all, of the
climate models are idiot - savant
models,
tuned to fit a hypothesized pattern that tells a particular story
on past data, but rather lacking predictive skill.
I would say
climate scientists have actually done a good job recently of making
model tuning more transparent and providing good information
on the subject.
None of these could have been caused by an increase in atmospheric CO2,
Model projections of warming during recent decades have greatly exceeded what has been observed, The
modelling community has openly acknowledged that the ability of existing
models to simulate past
climates is due to numerous arbitrary
tuning adjustments, Observations show no statistically valid trends in flooding or drought, and no meaningful acceleration whatsoever of pre-existing long term sea level rise (about 6 inches per century) worldwide, Current carbon dioxide levels, around 400 parts per million are still very small compared to the averages over geological history, when thousands of parts per million prevailed, and when life flourished
on land and in the oceans.
It was possible to get a crude
climate representation without the
tuning, but the best simulations relied
on this back - and - forth between
model and observation.