Sentences with phrase «on different climate models»

Numerous attempts to confirm these correlations based on different climate models have shown that it is only possible if either the applied perturbations of direct solar radiative forcing are large (consistent with a direct solar radiative forcing from the present to Maunder minimum ΔFP − M ~ 0.6 − 0.8 W / m2) or if the amplification of a weak direct solar forcing is substantial.

Regional and local climate aspects are computed, based on different climate models, statistical analyses, empirical data, and assumptions.

Not exact matches

Finally, all the climate models assume different amounts of energy stored on Earth that is transferred to the ocean depths, which act as an enormous heat sink.

To see whether this increase in crops has influenced the region's unusual weather, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge used computers to model five different 30 - year climate simulations, based on data from 1982 to 2011.

They said the real strength of the Jacobson study — now in press at the Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres — is that it relies on a new computer model of climate, air pollution and weather that accounts for several different ways black carbon influences the environment.

The model used real - world measurements of metabolism and built on them to establish temperature comfort standards, a bottom - up approach that can be tweaked to accommodate different office cultures, workplace demographics and climate conditions.

Then they plugged that into simulations that took into account climate models and two different carbon emissions scenarios identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate climate models and two different carbon emissions scenarios identified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Climate Change.

«Factors affecting extinction and origination of species are surprisingly different, with past climate change having the highest impact on extinction but not on originations,» notes researcher Daniele Silvestro from the GGBC who developed the mathematical model used in the study.

Also, the new mortality estimates, while dramatically higher than the approximately 150,000 annual deaths attributed to climate change stress in WHO's last assessment in 2004, are not directly comparable to earlier studies, which relied on different models and different underlying scenarios.

«The burned simulations are based on three different climate and wildfire scenarios, and we also used three different erosion models,» said Sankey.

The group hopes other scientists will conduct similar experiments using different models to help hone in on a more reliable measure of climate sensitivity.

They applied this data in models as a baseline to estimate future climate and vegetation scenarios based on different temperature increases.

The model enables to explore the effects of climate change on forestry ecosystems under changed environmental conditions and to simulate different management scenarios and compare them.

The models» results also play a significant role in the latest assessment report issued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), where they are used to link the mitigation options described for different sectors such as buildings, transport, or energy supply.

They also used data on precipitation in Colombia from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to model changes under different temperature and precipitation scenarios.

Because the climate model already accounts for the amount of the sun's energy blocked by different types of airborne particles, it was not a stretch to estimate the particles» effects on solar energy.

However, learning to predict possible climate outcomes on the basis of both observed and modeled behavior of the different factors that make up the ocean ecosystem is by no means straightforward.

Now, scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Caltech and Lancaster University have established a technique using climate models to compare the factors to the effects they have on climate change by peering into climate models from a different angle.

Finally, due to the mechanistic nature of the climate forcing models, we project historical and future nesting trajectories based on available climate data and under different climate change scenarios.

Methods: To understand the effects of economic forces from climate policy on terrestrial carbon and land use changes, the researchers used the MiniCAM, an integrated assessment model developed by the PNNL team over the last two decades, to compare different scenarios.

Using the adjoint of an ocean general circulation model, I try to understand the local and remote processes that generate temperature anomalies in the Nordic Seas on different timescales and their potential contribution to decadal climate predictability.

Clouds are hard for models to get right and we know that different climate models don't agree on how hot it's going to get, in large part because they don't agree on what clouds will do in the future.

To assess the impact of sunshade geoengineering on crop yields, Pongratz's team, which included Carnegie's Ken Caldeira and Long Cao, as well as Stanford University's David Lobell, used two different climate models.

RICHLAND, Wash. — Using a climate model that can tag sources of soot from different global regions and can track where it lands on the Tibetan Plateau, researchers have determined which areas around the plateau contribute the most soot — and where.

At the same time, increasing depth and duration of drought, along with warmer temperatures enabling the spread of pine beetles has increased the flammability of this forest region — http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v1/n9/full/nclimate1293.html http://www.vancouversun.com/fires+through+tinder+pine+beetle+killed+forests/10047293/story.html Can climate models give different TCR and ECS with different timing / extent of when or how much boreal forest burns, and how the soot generated alters the date of an ice free Arctic Ocean or the rate of Greenland ice melt and its influence on long term dynamics of the AMOC transport of heat?

These results are based on data compiled from 15 different climate models, and use the average temperature from 1970 through 1999 as a baseline for comparison.

The last two lessons focus on model - based climate change projections in relation to the possible fates of different regional species of vegetation.

His error, however, is in suggesting that this discovery (with limited understanding of its magnitude) somehow throws into doubt existing models of AGW (which are based on much more firmly established physical processes with trends in different climate forcings that are directly testable against the historical temperature record).

Based on transient climate model simulations of glacial - interglacial transitions (rather than «snapshots» of different modeled climate states), Ganopolski and Roche (2009) proposed that in addition to CO2, changes in ocean heat transport provide a critical link between northern and southern hemispheres, able to explain the apparent lag of CO2 behind Antarctic temperature.

Figure 1.4 http://cybele.bu.edu/courses/gg312fall02/chap01/figures/figure1.4.gif shows the natural variability of the annual mean surface temperature on several different spatial scales from a climate model simulation for 200 years.

On a different note, you are actually trying to argue that because the models are so good at reproducing climate, then they can't be real.

Some of them are optimal fingerprint detection studies (estimating the magnitude of fingerprints for different external forcing factors in observations, and determining how likely such patterns could have occurred in observations by chance, and how likely they could be confused with climate response to other influences, using a statistically optimal metric), some of them use simpler methods, such as comparisons between data and climate model simulations with and without greenhouse gas increases / anthropogenic forcing, and some are even based only on observations.

I haven't seen anything that very strongly supports the IRIS idea, but I do concur with one idea buried in the paper: that the parameterization of fractional cloud cover in GCM's is not based on very clear physical principles, and could operate in many different ways — some of which, I think, could make climate sensitivity considerably greater than the midrange model of the current crop.

A series of sensitivity tests show that our detection results are robust to observational data coverage change, interpolation methods, influence of natural climate variability on observations, and different model sampling (see Supplementary Information).

As climate models had now proven the existence of climate change, the organization's next focus will be on a different vantage point: «What do we do about it [and] how can we find solutions for the climate we will be living with?»

PAGE09 and DICE2013 have different models of the climate - economics interface and different assumptions about social values, but they agree on what low climate sensitivity does in relative terms to the social cost of carbon.

The overall level of consistency between attribution results derived from different models (as shown in Figure 9.9), and the ability of climate models to simulate large - scale temperature changes during the 20th century (Figures 9.5 and 9.6), indicate that such model differences are likely to have a relatively small impact on attribution results of large - scale temperature change at the surface.

Different models with equivalent current projections may project very different future ranges based on how those models interpolate new climate combinations not represented in the current climate dDifferent models with equivalent current projections may project very different future ranges based on how those models interpolate new climate combinations not represented in the current climate ddifferent future ranges based on how those models interpolate new climate combinations not represented in the current climate data [58].

To examine the relative influence of different processes on the lake basin climate, a suite of model experiments...

Lovely little anecdotes, but if an ATC system crashes on a busy day, people's lives are at risk whereas if a climate model crashes (due to a system or process error rather than a numerical error), it can be re-run — as long as the error doesn't cause different results to occur, ie.

Italian flag analysis: 30 % Green, 50 % White, 20 % Red (JC Note: all climate models produce this result in spite of different sensitivities and using different forcing data sets; the models do not agree on the causes of the early 20th century warming and the mid-century cooling and do not reproduce the mid-century cooling.)

The IPCC is straightforward in its introduction to attribution and doesn't claim anything other than that attribution needs some kind of modelling (because we can't put the climate in a bottle) and that this method relies on a number of different tactics, including the consensus of what these tactics mean of the experts.

To see whether this increase in crops has influenced the region's unusual weather, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge used computers to model five different 30 - year climate simulations, based on data from 1982 to 2011.

Both studies are part of a model improvement plan to compare different high - resolution climate modeling approaches and find the impacts of model resolution on results.

Carbon budgets have been estimated by a number of different methods, including complex ESMs (shown in yellow), simple climate models employed by Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs, shown in red), and by using observational data on emissions and warming through present to «constrain» the ESM results (shown in models employed by Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs, shown in red), and by using observational data on emissions and warming through present to «constrain» the ESM results (shown in Models (IAMs, shown in red), and by using observational data on emissions and warming through present to «constrain» the ESM results (shown in blue).

Before discussing this, a methodological point affecting estimates of S needs to be mentioned: results from methods estimating a PDF of climate sensitivity depend strongly on their assumptions of a prior distribution from which climate models with different S are sampled [Frame 2005].

If we were discussing how to base public confidence in the models on a more informed appraisal of climate modelling, its technical details, and its provable accuracy, that would be different.

Different economic models, based on different underlying economic worldviews, can have a dramatic impact on the size and direction of economic change due to climatDifferent economic models, based on different underlying economic worldviews, can have a dramatic impact on the size and direction of economic change due to climatdifferent underlying economic worldviews, can have a dramatic impact on the size and direction of economic change due to climate policy.

Lam and team used climate models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to examine the economic impacts of climate change on fish stocks and fisheries revenues under two different emissions scenarios: a high - emission scenario, in which the rates at which greenhouse gases are pumped into the Earth's atmosphere continue to rise unchecked, and a low - emission scenario under which ocean warming is kept below two degrees Cclimate models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to examine the economic impacts of climate change on fish stocks and fisheries revenues under two different emissions scenarios: a high - emission scenario, in which the rates at which greenhouse gases are pumped into the Earth's atmosphere continue to rise unchecked, and a low - emission scenario under which ocean warming is kept below two degrees CClimate Change to examine the economic impacts of climate change on fish stocks and fisheries revenues under two different emissions scenarios: a high - emission scenario, in which the rates at which greenhouse gases are pumped into the Earth's atmosphere continue to rise unchecked, and a low - emission scenario under which ocean warming is kept below two degrees Cclimate change on fish stocks and fisheries revenues under two different emissions scenarios: a high - emission scenario, in which the rates at which greenhouse gases are pumped into the Earth's atmosphere continue to rise unchecked, and a low - emission scenario under which ocean warming is kept below two degrees Celsius.

Over the years, more and more instances of closing of the ranks of climate scientists against anyone who obtains differing data or who suggests different interpretations of the data or who questions the climate models have thoroughly soured me on the integrity of the scientific process in climate science.