Sentences with phrase «on ecosystem structure»

Accordingly, there are three main vectors of anthropogenic impacts on marine pH: (1) emissions of CO2, and other gases affecting marine pH, to the atmosphere; (2) perturbation of watershed processes affecting the inputs of nutrients, organic and inorganic carbon, acids and carbonate alkalinity to the ocean; and (3) impacts on ecosystem structure (Table 1).

Not exact matches

The most striking difference between it and the other virtual currencies is its structured approach to business with constant roll out of new products and services as seen in the OneCoin ecosystem on the company site.

The indirect effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, such as changes in soil moisture and plant structure, can have a bigger impact on ecosystems than previously thought.

Regional studies suggest that marine heat waves may provoke «widespread loss of habitat - forming species such as kelps and corals, drive shifts in species distributions, alter the structure of communities and ecosystems, and have economic impacts on aquaculture and seafood industries through declines in important fishery species,» they note.

In the classic view of ecosystems, outlined by Elton and later Robert MacArthur and E. O. Wilson in their theory of island biogeography, ecosystems run on a knife's edge: They are tightly structured, without much room for new competitors.

«There are literally thousands of studies on the effects of elevated carbon dioxide on the ecosystems of plants,» Rillig says, «but this is really the first study that has shown there can be an effect on soil structure.»

From the ocean, the fresh water flows into the Greenland fjords where is influence local circulation with impacts on the production and ecosystem structure.

Megafaunal mammals have a major impact on the structure of ecosystems, so their loss could be particularly damaging.

There is something intriguing on almost every page of this well - illustrated and usefully timed study of probably the oldest ecosystems on the planet and the largest structures made by living organisms.

«In terms of practical nature conservation, these results signify that in the future it will no longer be sufficient to preserve small, isolated reserves — while these benefit specialized species with a simple genetic structure, the bulk of species that depend on an exchange between local populations will lose out in the medium to long term,» predicts Schmitt, and he adds in closing, «This will lead to a further decline of numerous insect species — with dramatic consequences for entire food webs and ecosystems.»

Keystone species in nature have a profound effect on the structure and function of the ecosystem and disproportionately determine the prevalence and activities of other species.

Bob Pressey: Maximize returns on conservation Douglas J. McCauley: Mega-parks need greater oversight Lance Morgan: Protect diverse marine habitats Hugh Possingham: Represent ecosystems Lee White: Manage parks professionally Emily Darling: Conserve climate refuges Peter J. S. Jones: Assess governance structures

Her international research programme focuses on the impacts of global climate change and ocean acidification on coastal marine biodiversity and the consequences for ecosystem structure and functioning, and spans the UK, Europe, USA and NZ.

Results of regular monitoring of the species diversity and structure of plant communities is used by conservation biologists to help understand impacts of perturbations caused by humans and other environmental factors on ecosystems worldwide.

Rather than focusing on how to shield ecosystems from our impacts, we could be experimenting with ways to achieve comfort and security while also promoting biodiversity and ecosystem structure and function.

Predation risk has strong effects on organismal physiology that can cascade to impact ecosystem structure and function.

Specifically, a case study on Boston highlights how restrictive charter school caps can impede the growth of a high - quality charter sector; a case study on Denver illustrates the potential and challenges of district - charter collaboration; a case study on New Orleans describes how a city can embrace chartering and alternative governing structures to bring about improved opportunities for students; and a case study on Washington, D.C. illustrates how a well - developed city ecosystem can support a large charter market share.

The architecture of a kelp forest ecosystem is based on its physical structure, which influences the associated species that define its community structure.

Members of the group say that these artificial structures, which consist of 324 large concrete blocks, will have a negative impact on the ecosystem.

Held over Memorial Day Weekend, the installation featured a scaffolding - type structure sited inside the nature reserve to encourage examining the fragility of the native ecosystem and the human role on the planet.

They will do that by taking a close look at restrictions on building in hazardous coastal areas, making coastal structures more storm - proof, protecting and enhancing coastal wetlands and other ecosystem features that can buffer storm impacts, and creating financial incentives to promote protective behaviors.

The structure of terrestrial ecosystems, which respond on even longer time - scales, is determined by the integrated response to changes in climate and to the intermediate time - scale carbon - nutrient machinery.

Jerry's research team has developed and uses a simulation model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), to consider the impacts of various aspects of global change — climate, chemistry of the atmosphere and precipitation, land cover and land use — on the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems across the globe.

«The authors write that «the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a naturally occurring fluctuation,» whereby «on a timescale of two to seven years, the eastern equatorial Pacific climate varies between anomalously cold (La Niña) and warm (El Niño) conditions,» and that «these swings in temperature are accompanied by changes in the structure of the subsurface ocean, variability in the strength of the equatorial easterly trade winds, shifts in the position of atmospheric convection, and global teleconnection patterns associated with these changes that lead to variations in rainfall and weather patterns in many parts of the world,» which end up affecting «ecosystems, agriculture, freshwater supplies, hurricanes and other severe weather events worldwide.»»

With regards to our campaign to get power plants to update their cooling systems, he said that it really doesn't matter if the fish around power plant water intake structures are sucked into or otherwise maimed or killed by those structures and that their impacts will be minimal on the surrounding ecosystem.

«We conclude that extreme climatic events are key drivers of biodiversity patterns and that the frequency and intensity of such episodes have major implications for predictive models of species distribution and ecosystem structure, which are largely based on gradual warming trends.»

With the Canadian led IPY - CFL sampling program, new highlights on winter ecological processes and confirmation of some of the earlier observations made during previous and scarce overwintering scientific studies help to refine our understanding of the structure and functioning of the arctic marine ecosystem.

Mosses are important members in many dryland ecosystems and the community changes observed here reveal how subtle modifications to climate can affect ecosystem structure and function on unexpectedly short timescales.

The repeated fires modify ecosystem structure, penetrate ever deeper into forest margins, affect large areas of understory vegetation (which is not detected by remote sensing), and take an ever greater cumulative toil on soil quality and its ability to sequester carbon.

The direct CO2 - fertilisation impact and warming effect of rising atmospheric CO2 have contrasting effects on their dominant functional types (trees and C3 grasses may benefit from rising CO2 but not from warming; C4 grasses may benefit from warming, but not from CO2 - fertilisation), with uncertain, non-linear and rapid changes in ecosystem structure and carbon stocks likely.

This new concept of anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH formulated here accommodates the broad range of mechanisms involved in the anthropogenic forcing of pH in coastal ecosystems, including changes in land use, nutrient inputs, ecosystem structure and net metabolism, and emissions of gases to the atmosphere affecting the carbon system and associated pH. The new paradigm is applicable across marine systems, from open - ocean and ocean - dominated coastal systems, where OA by anthropogenic CO2 is the dominant mechanism of anthropogenic impacts on marine pH, to coastal ecosystems where a range of natural and anthropogenic processes may operate to affect pH.

This would then lead to large, unpredictable changes in ocean ecosystem structure and productivity, on top of other large unpredictable changes to be expected from ocean acidification, the other great oceanic consequence of high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations from fossil fuel burning.

Limiting other stressors and impacts, for instance fishing mortality, may be one way to help maintain viable populations of sensitive species and to reduce the impacts of acidification on assemblage structure and ecosystem function.

Seeking to gain insights on feedback dynamics between ecosystem structure and function, and the influence of disturbance on trajectories of ecosystem processes.

Studies in both freshwater and marine ecosystems have demonstrated significant impacts of anthropogenic acidification on olfactory abilities of fish and macroinvertebrates, leading to impaired behavioural responses, with potentially far - reaching consequences to population dynamics and community structure.

The Steering Committee for the Special Report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems circulated a questionnaire to IPCC Focal Points and Observer Organizations ahead of the Scoping Meeting in February 2017 to get input on the structure and contents of the report.

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