Sentences with phrase «on epidemiological evidence»

But if you're basing your conclusions on the epidemiological evidence, then anything other than a conclusion that second - hand smoke is harmful to health is, simply, unfounded.

Potential mechanisms of breast cancer risk associated with mammographic density: hypotheses based on epidemiological evidence

It can be hard to draw solid conclusions from nutrition research for one key reason, a heavy reliance on epidemiological evidence.

The WHO's argument rests on epidemiological evidence from industrial and occupational exposure, populations that have been exposed to 10 - 1000 times the concentrations of TCDD compared to the general population.4 While admitting the absence of a strong case for the elevation of any specific cancer, they have compiled four major cohort studies to find a 40 percent increased risk for all cancers combined for «highly exposed» workers, the definition of which differed between studies.

However, the vaccine court didn't recognize Bruesewitz's claim because, 1 month before her case was filed, the type of complications she experienced were removed from a list of those entitled to compensation, based on epidemiological evidence that vaccines weren't the cause.

Not exact matches

Preventive effects of drinking green tea on cancer and cardiovascular disease: epidemiological evidence for multiple targeting prevention

We chose to model the effects on body weight because good evidence (from both trials and epidemiological studies) links regular consumption of sugar sweetened drinks to weight gain.8 10 12 Moreover, data from longitudinal studies support the idea that changes in the price of sugar sweetened drinks are linked to changes in body weight.20 Other groups have used this form of modelling to estimate the effects of a sugar sweetened drink tax on obesity.18 21 22

Previous research has largely focused on dietary components and which diet would be best to lower the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes, but so far there is no clear evidence from epidemiological or clinical trial data that a specific diet is optimal for long - term weight - loss or lowering the risk of diabetes.

«There's mounting evidence now from epidemiological studies that prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides, and chlorpyrifos in particular, may be associated with detriments with IQ in children,» said Kim Harley, an environmental epidemiologist with the University of California, Berkeley who has studied effects of pesticide exposure on children in California farm towns.

The evidence for cigarette smoke's impact on childhood cancer has been contradictory — some epidemiological studies indicate no added risk, while others show a clear increase for leukemia and lymphomas.

Recommendations aimed at reducing the incidence of cancers associated with nutrition are based on limited but suggestive evidence from epidemiological studies and animal experiments

here is epidemiological evidence that links type B coxsackie virus (CVB) infection with heart disease, and research published on July 31st in PLOS Pathogens now suggests a mechanism by which early infection impairs the heart's ability to tolerate stress at later stages of life.

The researchers pooled data on 27276 women with endometrial cancer in 36 studies from North America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and South Africa — virtually all the epidemiological evidence ever collected on the effect of oral contraceptives.

Epidemiological evidence has always suggested that resistance arose around this period, when the mecA gene encoding methicillin resistance carried on an SCCmec element, was horizontally transferred to an intrinsically sensitive strain of S. aureus.

The majority of epidemiological observations find no difference in cancer rates between vegetarians and omnivores but the quality of evidence is generally poor on this topic.

One cited study, which attributes stroke to excessive salt intake, is a meta - analysis of thirteen studies published between 1966 and 2008 in which most measurements of sodium intake were highly inaccurate estimates based on food frequency questionnaires.22 The second is a review of fifty - two studies, which concluded that strokes are not caused by excess sodium but rather by insufficient potassium, a finding that is consistent with the preponderance of evidence.23 Cordain ignores more recent large clinical and epidemiological studies, which have found that sodium intakes of less than 3 grams per day significantly increase cardiovascular risk.3, 4

Looking at all the evidence — from epidemiological studies on diet and health, to biochemical studies on the minute mechanisms of disease — the potential health benefits of taking a standard daily multivitamin appear to outweigh the potential risks for most people.

A more recent review, published in June 2010 in the Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, delves into the neurobiology of sugar cravings and summarizes the epidemiological and experimental evidence concerning the effect of artificial sweeteners on weight.

Past research focused on weak epidemiological evidence to determine the link between saturated fats, cholesterol, and CVD.

Although much of the research has focused on individual components of whole grains, such as fiber or antioxidants, epidemiological evidence suggests that the whole (grain) food offers protection against a wide range of diseases that is greater than what is seen with any individual component.13 The array of nutrients and other components in whole grains are believed to have an additive and synergistic effect on health.

More importantly, the EPA estimates — based on dubious epidemiological evidence and questionable demographic modeling — that the MACT Rule's Hg emission reductions will avert the loss of 0.00209 IQ points per child in a guesstimated population of 240,000 subsistence fishing households.

The findings are broadly in line with evidence from epidemiological studies that focus on the effect of climate conditions on both the transmission cycle and the incidence of disease.

Up to then, the evidence had all be epidemiological, i.e., evidence based on large - scale statistical studies.

«The sum of the evidence against saturated fat over the past half - century amounts to this: the early trials condemning saturated fat were unsound; the epidemiological data showed no negative association; saturated fat's effect on LDL - cholesterol (when properly measured in subfractions) is neutral; and a significant body of clinical trials over the past decade has demonstrated the absence of any negative effect of saturated fat on heart disease, obesity, or diabetes.

Alongside this research, there is intervention, epidemiological, sociological and qualitative evidence all suggesting that local environments are important in supporting the family capacity necessary to raise children in ways that promote good developmental outcomes.6, 7 The neighbourhoods or communities in which people live appears to impact health and well - being.8 While «neighbourhood» is often used in other studies, in the Australian context «neighbourhood» and «community» are often used interchangeably (these terms are further defined on page 9).7 The research into neighbourhood effects on children was originally motivated by the observation that disadvantage seemed geographically concentrated and intergenerational.

The insistence on episodic mood changes is crucial and prevents clinicians from rating symptoms such as the chronic concentration problems of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as evidence for mania.2 Manic episodes are extremely rare in children and relatively rare in adolescents according to epidemiological studies in the UK and the USA.3

On the contrary, evidence from a number of cross-cultural epidemiological studies indicates that East Asian populations consistently report lower prevalence of negative affect, such as anxiety (Kessler & Ustun 2008) and mood disorders (e.g. major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder)(Weissman et al. 1996; Kessler & Ustun 2008), relative to Western populations (figure 1c, d, respectively).

They report, «evidence from behaviour genetics research and epidemiological, correlational and experimental studies shows that parenting practices have a major influence on many different domains of children's development.

Evidence from behaviour genetics research and epidemiological, correlational, and experimental studies shows that parenting practices have a major influence on children's development.3

We presented summary evidence on domains that might be useful in epidemiological research conducted among families with young children as well as in clinical work with families by non-specialists.

Epidemiological and clinical evidence indicates that SED is associated with multiple dimensions of psychopathology, with more robust effects on externalizing problems, such as aggressive and delinquent behaviors, and a less robust, but still significant, association with internalizing symptoms, such as anxiety and depression [10 — 12, 14].