Current U.S. biofuel supply relies almost exclusively
on ethanol produced from Midwest corn.
Not exact matches
Here's another fun fact: according to Wikipedia (who's never wrong), the average human digestive system
produces approximately 3 grams of
ethanol per day (a little less than a third of a beer)... completely irrelevant to an article
on intermittent fasting and alcohol, but interesting nonetheless.
«Although we
produce ethanol, our primary focus remains
on high - quality food ingredients for discriminating customers.»
On the other hand, the same experiment with the ionic liquid
produced only 1 g / L
ethanol.
She is an honors graduate of the University of Nebraska - Lincoln where she did research
on tobacco plants and
ethanol -
producing bacteria.
There is certainly a case for re-doubling the scientific efforts to
produce bio-fuels
on lands which do not compete with food crops, for example from cellulosic
ethanol, but this technology is still not ready for the market.
The study is the second major report this month calling for greater research
on the environmental effects of
producing ethanol and other renewable transportation fuels.
The company can
produce more than 100 gallons of fuel per ton based
on lab experiments because bacteria make more
ethanol: «We aren't
producing butanol, propanol, hexanol, octanol, and all the other alcohols,» Bolsen says.
In one case, turning
on and off a blue light caused the special yeast to alternate between
producing ethanol, a product of normal fermentation, and isobutanol, a chemical that normally would kill yeast at sufficiently high concentration.
Moving forward, the team will continue to work
on their device to scale up the production of ethylene as well as employ similar systems to
produce liquid fuels such as
ethanol and propanol.
That was the knock
on ethanol: that it took more energy to create than it
produced as fuel.
But the research suggests that even if researchers maximized the capacity to grow biofuels
on all marginal lands, «the amount of cellulosic
ethanol it could
produce is only enough to provide 1.5 percent of U.S. transportation fuel by 2020.»
Here's another fun fact: according to Wikipedia (who's never wrong), the average human digestive system
produces approximately 3 grams of
ethanol per day (a little less than a third of a beer)... completely irrelevant to an article
on intermittent fasting and alcohol, but interesting nonetheless.
The microbes feed
on sugar and
produce lactic acid, alcohol (
ethanol), and carbon dioxide, yielding a fermented carbonated beverage.
As grapes reach their peak of ripeness in the fall, they may swell in size and burst, thereby allowing the sugars in the juice to be exposed to yeasts growing
on the skins and to
produce carbon dioxide and
ethanol (48).
Furthermore, the Brazilian subsidiary began
producing flex - fuel versions for the Civic and the Fit models, capable of running
on any blend of gasoline (E20 to E25 blend in Brazil) and
ethanol up to E100.
The customized Corvette Z06 E85 Concept pace car runs
on E85
ethanol, a domestically
produced alternative fuel.
The Brazilian - spec Jeep 551 will be offered with a 2.0 - litre Tigershark flex - fuel (petrol -
ethanol) engine that
produces 159 cv (159 hp) at 6,200 rpm running
on petrol or 164 cv (164 hp) at 6,000 rpm running
on ethanol, as well as a 2.0 - litre MultiJet II diesel engine.
According to the Brazilian publication, the South American - spec version will be offered with a 2.0 - litre Tigershark flex - fuel (petrol -
ethanol) engine that
produces 159 cv (159 hp) at 6,200 rpm running
on petrol and 164 cv (164 hp) at 6,000 rpm running
on ethanol, as well as a 2.0 - litre MultiJet II diesel engine.
The motor can be run
on E85 Flex Fuel and
produces slightly better power numbers when using
ethanol.
Today, however, particularly in the US, those choices are cushioned by energy prices that don't even reflect what it costs to
produce the energy (say «
ethanol subsidies» three times), no carbon taxes, and no tax
on oil to represent its real or even imagined threats to national security.
Today, the House Energy and Commerce Committee should be holding a hearing
on advancing America's, and the world's, energy future by initiating a sustained quest to break the economic shackles imposed by enduring dependence
on oil (that doesn't involve using 40 percent of our corn crop to
produce ethanol in a world facing food price spikes).
I think it's very interesting that last November, Florida Governor Charles Crist — the governor of the state that
produces more sugar cane than any other, and about a fifth of all American sugar — visited Brazil and proposed ending America's tariff
on sugar
ethanol from that country.
South America's largest country is the world's reigning
ethanol king,
producing 4.4 billion gallons (16.5 billion liters) of the biofuel from sugarcane each year,
on average.
Clearly we do not
produce enough corn and soybeans to achieve this goal, so the technology that is being counted
on is almost certainly cellulosic
ethanol.
Switchgrass and hybrid poplars would
produce relatively high
ethanol yields
on marginal lands, but it likely will be another decade before cellulosic
ethanol can compete with corn - based
ethanol.
California's LCFS also would have little or no impact
on GHG emissions nationwide and would harm our nation's energy security by discouraging the use of Canadian crude oil — our nation's largest source of crude — and
ethanol produced in the American Midwest.
The illustrious green movement who killed nuclear power in 1970s and brought about global warming by scrubbing shade -
producing particulates from smokestacks and tailpipes are now bent
on using a ginned up catastrophic climate change scenario to keep the price of oil elevated in order to keep the profit incentive alive for stupid expensive alternatives like windmills and
ethanol from corn.
Industrial countries could
produce enough sugar cane / grain
ethanol and / or cellulosic
ethanol to replace the 75 + million barrels / day they consume without adversed effects
on food production and / or major changes in land use.
They see small - scale cellulosic refineries located near switchgrass grown
on empty fields, beside pulp paper mill plants, or linked to municipal landfills,
producing ethanol and using leftover biomass for co-generation of heat.
«Excessive prices for oil and food» to a certain extent the result of policy restrictions
on the use of hydrocarbons, the effect of extrusion from the structure of arable food crops through improved crop plants from which
ethanol is
produced to replace hydrocarbons as fuel.
The National Commission
on Energy Policy reported in December that, if fleet mileage in the U.S. rises to 40 mpg — somewhat below the current European Union fleet average for new vehicles of 42 mpg and well below the current Japanese average of 47 mpg - then as switchgrass yields improve modestly to around 10 tons / acre it would take only 30 million acres of land to
produce sufficient cellulosic
ethanol to fuel half the U.S. passenger fleet.
They promote spending $ 22 billion just in federal money during FY - 2014
on climate change studies; costly solar projects of every description; wind turbines that blight scenic vistas and slaughter millions of birds and bats annually, while wind energy developers are exempted from endangered species and other environmental laws that apply to all other industries; and
ethanol programs that require millions of acres of farmland and vast quantities of water, fertilizer, pesticides and fossil fuel energy to
produce a gasoline additive that reduces mileage, harms engines, drives up food prices... and increases CO2 emissions.
Ethanol reduces c02 slightly but burns with a lot more polluting solids as found by testing recently, it also clogs motors and catalyic converters and
produces nitros oxide which is a lot worse and that is smog, more lies, c02 is essential for every living thing
on the planet not a pollutant.
And finally
on the renewable fuels side, it includes a $ 20 million program to build a cellulosic
ethanol facility to create the first pilot - plant (we hope) that will
produce ethanol from woody biomass as opposed to corn, and thereby drastically raising the energy balance of the
ethanol.
In 2009 the world was
on track to
produce 19 billion gallons of fuel
ethanol and nearly 4 billion gallons of biodiesel.
Robert Zubrin thinks the United States can break free from the grip of Middle East oil -
producing countries by immediately mandating that all cars sold in this country be «flex - fuel vehicles,» capable of running
on gasoline,
ethanol or methanol.
If total oil supply based
on these numbers are compared, the United States actually
produces more oil than these other countries because the United States
produces far more oil from natural gas and other liquids (e.g.
ethanol) and refinery gain than do the other countries.
There are several organizations which are
on the verge of trying to
produced cellulose
ethanol in commercial quantities.
Clinton also criticized the heavy U.S. reliance
on a food crop, corn, to
produce ethanol for fuel, which helped drive up grain prices worldwide.
# 1 Turn food into fuel... «Already, half of the nearly 11 billion bushels of corn
produced each year is turned into
ethanol, and most new cars are capable of running
on E10 (10 %
ethanol and 90 % gas).»
Flex fuel: Honda's Fit FFV, runs
on either 100 %
ethanol or a wide range of
ethanol - gasoline fuel mixtures; the company has been
producing and selling this in Brazil since the end of 2006.
Follow me
on Twitter, and check out The Utopianist More
on Ethanol Ethanol: How the Fuel is
Produced, Growing Corn and More New Study Finds Corn - based
Ethanol More Harmful Than Oil - based Fuels
It has been estimated that «if every bushel of U.S. corn, wheat, rice and soybean were used to
produce ethanol, it would only cover about 4 % of U.S. energy needs
on a net basis.»
Corn
ethanol, conversely, could be either more polluting or less than gasoline, depending
on how the corn is grown and the
ethanol is
produced.
This research shows that
on average, corn
ethanol produces emissions 51 % lower than gasoline.
The facility will be built
on 10 acres near Lancaster, California and is not expected to begin
producing ethanol until late 2009, The location was chosen because of the abundant waste that already passes by the location: An estimated 170 tons of wood chips, grass cuttings, and organic waste each day.
Some of the earliest forms of life
on Earth — anaerobic bacteria — used fermentation to
produce ethanol and in the process extracted energy to drive their metabolic functions.
«If every one of the 70 million acres
on which corn was grown in 2006 was used for
ethanol, the amount
produced would displace only 12 percent of the U.S. gasoline market.
I don't think we yet quite grasp the effect of $ 60 - a-barrel oil
on food prices, because the capacity to distill
ethanol and
produce biodiesel is not yet large enough to really have an impact.