Sentences with phrase «on gene sequencing»

Some scientists have criticized TCGA for focusing on gene sequencing while diverting funds from functional studies that can determine which of the hundreds of mutations are most important.

The trouble is that it's impossible to know how a protein will fold based on its gene sequence alone.

Not exact matches

June 19, 2013 — A Cornell University study offers further proof that the divergence of humans from chimpanzees some 4 million to 6 million years ago was profoundly influenced by mutations to DNA sequences that play roles in turning genes on and off.

A separate genetics adviser will review, support and identify potential linkages in the genetics component of methane mitigation, including genomics (work on recombinant DNA and gene sequencing) and genetic interaction with environment.

Using gene - sequencing technology, researchers established that the precise segment of the pup's DNA «switched on» by the act of grooming was the part that controlled the future function of the hippocampus, which processes stress hormones.

In recent years, epigenetics researchers have made great strides in understanding the many molecular sequences and patterns that determine which genes can be turned on and off.

The even greater surprise is the recent discovery that epigenetic signals from the environment can be passed on from one generation to the next, sometimes for several generations, without changing a single gene sequence.

When the researchers compared the mRNA to a library of DNA sequences taken from the dendrites of neurons by James Eberwine of the University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, they found that it came from a single gene on chromosome X — the human version of which, when mutated, leads to fragile - X syndrome.

Back when life first took hold, genes flowed around freely; genetic sequences skipped around from organism to organism in much the way they may soon on the Internet.

Each guide RNA might hit a single gene or multiple genes, depending on the particular guide sequence.

Which genes are activated and which are turned off is in part determined by a second tier of information which is superimposed on the nucleotide sequences that provide the blueprints for protein synthesis.

On the other hand, by deciding that an EST sequence does not provide an adequate written description of a claim directed to «a gene,» the PTO has preserved the possibility for a gene itself to be patented once its full - length sequence is determined.

«For example, among individuals carrying the SNP sequence «TGT» at all three locations on both copies of the gene, 62 percent were blue - eyed,» says Sturm's colleague David Duffy.

Based on the transcript sequences, the researchers identified 1,437 new promoters — short DNA sequences where transcription begins — in or between genes, on top of the 1,730 promoters they knew of.

The policy — in the form of first Office Actions on a series of applications for patents on expressed sequence tags, ESTs — could greatly complicate basic gene therapy research by substantially allowing patents for small sequences of a gene that may later be used by the patent holder to corner ownership and uses of entire genes.

More recently, it has become clear that slight variations in the regulatory sequences that determine when a gene is switched on,...

But the predictability they did hope for could be threatened by an evolving policy on the patentability of gene sequences, which is emerging from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office in Washington.

Lu's team will extract immune cells called T cells from the blood of the enrolled patients, and then use CRISPR — Cas9 technology — which pairs a molecular guide able to identify specific genetic sequences on a chromosome with an enzyme that can snip the chromosome at that spot — to knock out a gene in the cells.

To more accurately reflect the mechanisms driving oligodendrogliomas, the researchers used RNA sequencing to study directly, on a single - cell level, gene expression in samples from six early - stage human tumors.

She was investigating the cause of a perplexing phenomenon in maize in which the light - purple color of the stalk is passed on to offspring even when the gene sequence that caused it in the parent is not.

MicroRNAs are short RNA sequences that turn genes on or off.

The human (and all the other) genome projects were predicated on the reasonable assumption that spelling out the full sequence of genes would reveal the source of that diversity of form and attributes that so readily distinguish worm from fly, mouse, chimp and human.

Experiments on it have illustrated what genes are made of, confirmed Darwinian evolution, and helped sequence the human genome.

The two proteins have different biochemical properties and recognize different DNA sequences, so these properties create more options for gene - editing,» said Dr. Olson, who holds the Pogue Distinguished Chair in Research on Cardiac Birth Defects, the Robert A. Welch Distinguished Chair in Science, and the Annie and Willie Nelson Professorship in Stem Cell Research.

With epigenetics we mean such changes in genes that are not determined by changes in the actual DNA sequence, but effects that are superimposed on this, caused for example by environmental effects.

The new analysis, based on data assembled primarily by graduate student Yan - Jie Feng at Sun Yat - Sen University in Guangzhou, China, focused on the sequences of 95 genes located on chromosomes in the nucleus and how they changed over time.

In Mardis» vision of the future, doctors will sequence each patient's tumor to zero in on its unique vulnerabilities and shut down its malfunctioning genes.

«You can zoom in on a gene, click on it and the sequence will pop up,» said Good.

Theoretically, it could be simpler and more targeted to use gene blueprints from sequencing data to build something that mimics microRNAs — binding to the same things the microRNA would — then embarking on a fecal transplant and ensuring it is safe.

The growth of publicly accessible data troves on genome sequences, gene activity, and protein structures and interactions has opened new territory for biologists.

«We've sequenced everything on this planet, and we still don't know 149 genes that are most essential for life!»

The map allows gene hunters to get away with less (and thus cheaper) DNA sequencing while still, it's hoped, homing in on disease genes.

The international team used a common computer system so that researchers from around the world could analyze the gene sequences based on their areas of expertise.

In March three separate teams announced that they had zeroed in on a DNA sequence on chromosome 1 that carries the gene for complement factor H, a protein involved in regulating inflammation.

Gene sequencing revealed two regions associated with major depressive disorder on one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes.

The article constitutes the largest sequencing study to date on the genes of representatives from eight sponge genera covering all four currently recognized sponge classes.

So Axel Visel of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California focused on «enhancers»: short sequences of DNA — which are still sometimes called «junk» — that do not code for genes but can influence their activity.

One aspect of gene regulation involves enzymes placing chemical tags or modifications on histone proteins — which control a cell's access to the DNA sequences that make up a gene.

By comparing proteomic and RNA - sequencing data from people on different exercise programs, the researchers found evidence that exercise encourages the cell to make more RNA copies of genes coding for mitochondrial proteins and proteins responsible for muscle growth.

For any given gene, this sequence in fact changes depending on the tissue in which it is located.

«We are unpacking the entire DNA sequences of 50 influential animals then honing in on the genes associated with specific traits in order to capture the best genetics in the Brahman breed,» he said.

To deliver the healthy gene, the team inserted it into an engineered virus called adeno - associated virus 1, or AAV1, together with a promoter — a genetic sequence that turns the gene on only in certain sensory cells of the inner ear known as hair cells.

Our life experiences exert a profound influence on how we age and can even alter the ways genes function without changing the underlying DNA sequence; these genetic changes are called epigenetic traits.

Mitochondrial DNA carries far fewer genes than DNA in the nucleus does, but changes in mitochondrial DNA sequence can have a major impact on health.

However, Manogue said it's not clear that whole - genome sequencing infringes on the rights of gene patent holders.

«Depending on the research questions, it may also be important to define the appropriate strategy to use, either whole - genome sequencing or just targeting some genomic regions with a gene baiting approach,» says Besnard.

Both studies relied on a popular lab organism known as C. elegans, a nearly microscopic nematode that is fast growing, translucent and has a sequenced genome showing that nearly half its genes are closely related to corresponding human genes.

As when he worked on the human genome, Venter is relying on a radical technique called shotgun sequencing: He chops up vast amounts of DNA into tiny pieces and then uses sophisticated computer analyzers to piece them back together into intelligible genes and chromosomes.

«However, our new approach uses cutting - edge DNA sequencing technology to precisely measure the effects of thousands of sequences on gene activity at the same time.»

DNA methylation, one mechanism of epigenetics, is a chemical tag on DNA that does not change the gene sequence but is involved in controlling gene expression.