Sentences with phrase «on gene structure»

The researchers classified pri - miRNAs into three broad categories based on gene structure: Class I, which are transcribed independently of other genes and likely represent independent transcription units, Class II, which are transcribed as an extension of a protein - coding gene, and Class III, which are transcribed as an extension of a noncoding RNA.

Not exact matches

In the clearest possible case, the ANT - OAR cell would differ from a zygote on all of the parameters noted above: The ANT - OAR cell would have a pattern of gene expression that is clearly distinct from a zygote; it would generate a homogeneous population of cells rather than multiple cell types; it would undergo simple cleavage divisions and not produce any multicellular structures.

Studies on genes, brain structures and hormones have failed to identify a clear link between, on one hand, differences at birth between the sexes and, on the other, particular behaviour.

The centre will be structured around six technical platforms focusing on zebrafish transgenesis and micromanipulation, bioimaging, mouse transgenesis, flow cytometry, stem cell culture, and gene - expression analysis.

However, in the presentations, speakers for both teams said that two stretches of the gene code for so - called zinc fingers — protein structures that insert themselves into the grooves of DNA — suggesting that the encoded protein probably turns other genes on and off.

The growth of publicly accessible data troves on genome sequences, gene activity, and protein structures and interactions has opened new territory for biologists.

His vision of gene structure was focused on the non-repetitive nature of the code - script, rather than on the relatively simple parallel between the copying of chromosomes and the ability of crystals to replicate their structure.

The outcome of their collaboration was a joint German - language publication that appeared in 1935, called On the Nature of Gene Mutation and Gene Structure, more generally known as the Three - Man Paper.

The egg's very structure, its scaffolding of proteins that guide the chromosomes during cell division, may also play a key role in turning on the necessary genes.

And I think we've got to lay out this basic structure of the system so that we know how many genes are turned on in each cell and how the components work.

«Scientists determine structure of enzyme linked with key cell - signaling protein: Findings aid understanding of how modifications to cell - signaling protein affect its action in turning genes on and off.»

At the same time, coauthor Peter Adams, from the University of Glasgow, published a previous study on the breakdown of the nuclear lamina in which he observed a peculiar protrusion, or blebbing, of the nuclear envelope into the cytoplasm, and these blebs contained DNA, nuclear lamina proteins, and chromatin (the nuclear structures in which genes reside).

When Kaufman, Zon and colleagues looked to see what was different about these early cancer cells, they found that crestin and the other activated genes are the same ones turned on during zebrafish embryonic development — specifically, in the stem cells that give rise to the pigment cells known as melanocytes, within a structure called the neural crest.

Nestler: It's, to a first level of approximation, it's simple and straightforward, that there are a set number of modifications that could be made to the DNA itself or to the proteins that bind to DNA and control its structure, and activity and that those small number of modifications either turn a gene on or off.

But this is the first time, to my knowledge, that the direct link is established from a novel gene to a novel structure to the invasion of a completely new ecological opportunity,» said Abderrahman Khila, an evolutionary and developmental genomicist at the Institute of Functional Genomics of Lyon, who led the study on the delicate insects called water striders.

Rutgers University scientists have discovered the three - dimensional structure of a gene - specific transcription activation complex, providing the first structural and mechanistic description of the process cells use to turn on, or activate, specific genes in response to changes in cell type, developmental state and environment.

The impatient gene It's long been known that evolution sometimes happens very quickly — as in the development of resistance to antibiotics in bacteria — but the discovery that lizards on two islands in Croatia evolved significant differences in body type and social structure in the span of fewer than forty years is shocking enough to warrant publication in a top - shelf journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA.

Depending on the tissue type and what jobs that tissue is doing, distinct portions of DNA are unspooled to become available for activity through a structure called open chromatin, said Gregory Crawford, an associate professor of pediatrics and expert on gene expression.

Other biological components of homosexual behaviour have also been found: brain structures that differ with sexual orientation, for example, and robust theories for how genes survive in the population despite rarely being passed on by homosexual people.

A gene - therapy technique that aims to prevent mothers from passing on harmful genes to children through their mitochondria — the cell's energy - producing structures — might not always work.

On 18 March, the EC announced the creation of three pan-European projects, including the twin study, a new project to identify the function of genes in mutant mice, and an effort to determine the structures of disease - related proteins.

«The key lesson we learned was that the genes that are destined to be turned on specifically in the fertilized egg are covered by this unique chromatin domain structure,» says Ren.

Based on studies of other genes related to FOXP2, the authors suggest that the loss of functioning protein from one copy of this gene might disrupt the proper growth of key speech and language structures in the brain.

This detail will reveal some of the underlying principles that govern the organisation of our genomes — for example how chromosomes interact or how structure can influence whether genes are switched on or off.

The genome's structure controls when and how strongly genes — particular regions of the DNA — are switched «on» or «off».

By focusing on this shortlist of genes, researchers can quickly discover genes previously unknown to be related to tissue structure.

Short for «evolutionary developmental biology,» Evo Devo posits that the same set of master genes, with differing on - off switches, controls the development of basic body structures in animals ranging from flatworms to humans.

Using the GOMiner algorithm, two independent category structures (biologic process and molecular function) based on the 1178 rat genes represented on the microarray (of which 923 currently carry GO annotations) were initially constructed and used as Query gene files.

A protein that acetylates core histones, resulting in important regulatory effects on chromatin structure and assembly, and on gene transcription.

This optimization was based on combining very stringent selection criteria (minimal secondary structure, minimal homology to other genes in the available rat genomic databases, no low complexity or repeat regions, and defined Tm) with a statistical ranking algorithm [48].

It was previously thought that Pax3 was required for formation of certain structures in the early embryo, such as the neural tube, because it attaches to DNA and turns genes «on» or «off.»

Human perilipins 1 and 2 localize in transgenic C. elegans on the same structures as proteins expressed from W01A8.1 gene.

We use neuronal cultures, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and transgenic and gene - targeted mouse models to study the differential effects of apoE3 and apoE4 on cell signaling pathways and cytoskelatal structure and function at molecular, cellular and behavioral levels.

As we have done to elucidate complex diseases, 6 for each projection on the blood causal network structure, we identified the largest connected subnetworks comprising genes directly connected to the projected module genes, resulting in the identification of relaxation - and meditation - specific subnetworks (Figure 3).

Steve's research focuses on polyploid crops where he uses genomics and bioinformatics approaches to examine chromatin structure and the effect it has on gene regulation.

Another interesting local network structure is centered around CLU, a gene shown to be involved in AD based on genome - wide association studies, with genes in the integrin family, involved in cell adhesion, clustered around CLU.

Influence of secondary water supply systems on microbial community structure and opportunistic pathogen gene markers — Huan Li — Water Research

We interfere with histone modification marks in vivo, both genome - wide (mutant analysis) and gene - specifically (local disruption of chromatin structure), and analyze the effect on transcription and pluripotency.

Originating from molecular biology, Genomics branched out to become a vast field that includes research into the structure and function of genomes, evolution and the effects of genes on health and disease.

We use sequence comparison with the primate and rodent lineages to shed light on the structure and evolution of genomes and genes.

Many million different users consult these databases each year, seeking information on anything from DNA sequences, protein structures, gene expression profiles, human genetic polymorphism or even comparative analyses of entire genomes.

Kim and his colleagues were able to deduce the function of several M. jannaschii proteins based on their structures, a strategy that may prove useful in determining the functions of genes and proteins in other sequenced organisms.

«We expected that transcription factors would first switch on certain genes, which then afterwards may force a re-organisation of the 3D structure of the chromosome.

In a study published in the journal Cell on May 24, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory scientists describe the three - dimensional atomic structure of a human protein bound to a piece of RNA that «guides» the protein's ability to silence genes.

A rare, premature aging disease, Hutchinson - Gilford progeria is caused by a single point mutation in the gene encoding lamin A, which forms a protein scaffold on the inner edge of the nucleus that helps maintain chromatin structure and organize nuclear processes such as RNA and DNA synthesis.

To figure out how many species might be living in Lake Whillans, the researchers zeroed in on a gene that codes for a ribosome protein, one of the oldest and most conserved biological structures on Earth.

We know a great deal about the genomic mechanisms through which androgens and estrogens influence behavior; by turning genes on and off and thus affecting levels of proteins in cells, they slowly sculpt the brain circuits and peripheral structures required to produce social output.

The development of these structures depends on the terminal gap genes tll and hkb, whose expression at the posterior pole is solely dependent on Tor signaling.

For example, it is used to identify correlations between gene sequences and diseases, to predict protein structures from amino acid sequences, to aid in the design of novel drugs, and to tailor treatments to individual patients based on their DNA sequences (pharmacogenomics).

Our objective is to determine whether this mutation is involved in AMD by (1) understanding the functional consequences of this genomic variation on expression of COL8A1 and / or its neighbor genes, and (2) investigating photoreceptors and RPE cell survival, retinal and choroidal angiogenesis, structure integrity of the choroid / Bruch's membrane, and the quality of the vision, in organisms with the COL8A1 mutation.