Sentences with phrase «on human brain development»

Animals exposed to enriched environments high in stimulation have been shown to display increased hippocampal cell proliferation and neurogenesis compared with those reared in relative deprivation.7 Poverty represents a form of human deprivation that may parallel this animal model, raising the question of whether low levels of stimulation and relative psychosocial neglect associated with poverty have a similar negative effect on human brain development.

These micro quasi-brains are revolutionizing research on human brain development and diseases from Alzheimer's to Zika, but the headlong rush to grow the most realistic, most highly - developed brain organoids has thrown researchers into uncharted ethical waters.

Not exact matches

Along with dualistic mythology several developments in scientific thought since the seventeenth century have contributed to the exorcism of mind from nature: first, there is the cosmography of classical (Newtonian) physics picturing our world as composed of inanimate, unconscious bits of «matter» needing only the brute laws of inertia to explain their action; second, the Darwinian theory of evolution with its emphasis on chance, waste and the apparent «impersonality» of natural selection; third, the laws of thermodynamics (and particularly the second law) with the allied cosmological interpretation that our universe is running out of energy available to sustain life, evolution and human consciousness; fourth, the geological and astronomical disclosure of enormous tracts of apparently lifeless space and matter in the universe; fifth, the recent suggestions that life may be reducible to an inanimate chemical basis; and, finally, perhaps most shocking of all, the suspicion that mind may be explained exhaustively in terms of mindless brain chemistry.

On the contrary, he finds it useful to ponder an array of reductionist attempts to explain the existence of religion, from that which seeks to pinpoint the area of the human brain or the specific genes connected to religiosity to that which sees religion as a malfunction of the human mind or a vestigial remnant from a primitive stage of human development suitable only for whimpering, immature dullards (a point of view championed by the new atheists).

Neuroscientists have over the past decade uncovered evidence, both in rodent and human studies, that parental caregiving, especially in moments of stress, affects children's development not only on the level of hormones and brain chemicals, but even more deeply, on the level of gene expression.

It is safe to say that all developmental scientists encourage emotional responsiveness on the part of caregivers: The back - and - forth, or serve - and - return, is crucial to brain development, cognitive and emotional development, the stress regulation system, and just authentic human connection.

While not a lot of research can tell us the effects of BPA on humans, studies on animals suggest it may be dangerous to brain development, the reproductive system, and the immune system.

In 2007, researchers published the first randomized, controlled study of the effect of being raised in an orphanage; that study, and subsequent research on the same sample of Romanian orphans, found that compared with babies placed with a foster family, those who were sent to institutions had lower IQs, slower physical growth, problems with human attachment and differences in functioning in brain areas related to emotional development.

Dr. Nina Kraus, a groundbreaking neuroscientist at Northwestern University, has been studying the effects of music training on brain development — with the use of non-invasive approaches in humans — and on the development of language skills.

There are unique considerations regarding the needs of infants during the first three years of life which are highlighted by contemporary knowledge, underscoring the impact of early experience on the development of human infant brain and mind»

Dr. Perry's research includes: the effects of prenatal drug exposure on brain development, the neurobiology of human neuropsychiatric disorders, the neurophysiology of traumatic life events, and long - term cognitive, behavioral, emotional, social and physiological effects of neglect and trauma in children, adolescents and adults.

She worked on multiple research studies as a post graduate at the University of Washington's Institute of Brain and Learning Sciences and Center on Human Development and Disability.

Adam Sutter holds a degree in Neuroscience, with an emphasis on the interrelationship between food, nutritional supplements, and the optimal development and functioning of the human brain.

Yet human infants also display what are known as «secondarily altricial» characteristics — primarily lack of neuromuscular control — a consequence of the limits imposed on gestational brain development by the evolution of the human pelvis.

Tests were conducted in Sweden by scientists, curious as to the affects ultrasounds may have on the human brain during development.

«The human organoids are good for studying the very early stages of brain development, but may not reveal much about later, more mature stages on which things like sociality depend,» says John Mason at the University of Edinburgh, UK.

«We are interested in how a human brain constructs over time to become the adult brain,» says Nim Tottenham of Columbia University, whose work focuses on identifying sensitive periods of brain development from childhood into adolescence.

Up until now, there has been a heavy focus on the role of animal protein and cooking in the development of the human brain over the last 2 million years, and the importance of carbohydrate, particular in form of starch - rich plant foods, has been largely overlooked.

On the heels of the decade of the brain and the development of neuroimaging, it is nearly impossible to open a science magazine or walk through a bookstore without encountering images of the human brain.

For his part, Collins, who has led NIH since 2009 and been kept on by the Trump administration, pointed to an array of promising NIH activities, including the development of new technologies to provide insights into human brain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disbrain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disbrain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBrain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBrain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disease.

The House bill orders the government to report on «the development of safe nanotechnology,» including a study of its use for self - reproducing machines, artificial intelligence, and «human brain extenders.»

In future experiments, Lahn will insert the human ASPM gene into mice to see what affect it has on brain development.

In a paper recently published in Human Brain Mapping, a team of researchers from the Quebec - based Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment shows how the in utero environment can play a role in the development of brain proceBrain Mapping, a team of researchers from the Quebec - based Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment shows how the in utero environment can play a role in the development of brain procebrain processes.

The new research focused on just nine genes, those most strongly associated with autism in recent sequencing studies, and investigated their effects using precise maps of gene expression during human brain development.

Mice given alcohol just after birth are a good model for measuring the impact on human fetal development because the brains of mice pups achieve developmental milestones after birth that are comparable to those in other mammals, including humans.

«This study focused on the development of the neocortex, but we aim to analyze multiple brain regions and developmental stages to achieve a more comprehensive atlas of cell types in the developing human brain,» Kriegstein said.

«The method thus opens up completely new opportunities for investigating disorders in the architecture of the developing human brain,» explains Dr. Julia Ladewig, who leads a working group on brain development.

«Zika virus may cause microcephaly by hijacking human immune molecule: Fetal brain model provides first clues on how Zika virus blunts brain development; blocking mechanism reduces cell damage.»

To find out why, they examined genes in both mice and humans that turned on during peak brain development and spotted a DNA snippet, ARHGAP11B, that was active only in humans.

Dr Fanni Gergely from the University of Cambridge said: «The development of a healthy human brain is an incredibly complex process that relies on stem cells and the coordinated actions of many genes.

They ended up focusing on a region called HARE5 (short for human - accelerated regulatory enhancer), which testing indicated had something to do with brain development.

Although the original impetus of the work was to study human brain disease and development, says Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Investigator Christopher Walsh, the results also shed light on how the human brain expanded during the course of evolution.

The Swedish part of the effort, called the Human Developmental Cell Atlas (HDCA) program, includes researchers from Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University and KTH, focusing on brain, lung, heart and fetal development during the first 12 -LSB-...]

New research on the related individuals, however, began with different, yet no less important, questions: How was Neanderthal physiological development different from that of modern humans, and how and why did Neanderthals evolve such big brains?

His research focuses on normal molecular mechanisms of brain development and genetic perturbations that underlie disorders of human cognitive development, such as in severe autism spectrum disorders.

Based on their effect on neurons, as well as their locations in the genome, the researchers think that many of the HARs guide genes involved in brain development, as well as psychiatric diseases that are uniquely human, such as autism and schizophrenia.

The challenge takes on even more urgency with recent developments, including a federal administration now more open to exploring the potential of stem cells, the recent FDA approval of a human trial involving embryonic stem cells, as well as the reported case of a young boy who developed a brain tumor four years after receiving a stem - cell treatment for a rare genetic disorder.

Three recent experimental studies focused on low consumption / exposure.949596 In one study, 29 smokers each consumed a single cigarette, immediately after which they had a significant decrease in blood vessel output power and significant increase in blood vessel ageing level and remaining blood volume 25 minutes later, as markers of atherosclerosis.94 In another study, human coronary artery endothelial cells were exposed to the smoke equivalent to one cigarette, which led to activation of oxidant stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 and up - regulation of cytochrome p450, considered to have a role in the development of heart disease.95 These effects were not seen when heart cells were exposed to the vapour from one e - cigarette.95 A study exposed adult mice to low intensity tobacco smoke (two cigarettes) for one to two months and found adverse histopathological effects on brain cells.96

Whitehead Institute scientists have identified conserved, long intervening non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) that play key roles during brain development in zebrafish, and went on to show that the human versions of these RNAs can substitute for the zebrafish lincRNAs.

Inappropriate hormone levels can have a devastating effect on the developing human brain, especially during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy when the fetus depends on the mother's thyroid hormones for brain development.

Here we demonstrate that bisphenol A exposure during a time point analogous to the second trimester in humans has real and measurable effects on brain development and behavior.

The delicate balance between the human microbiome and the development of psychopathologies is particularly interesting given the ease with which the microbiome can be altered by external factors, such as diet, 23 exposure to antimicrobials24, 25 or disrupted sleep patterns.26 For example, a link between antibiotic exposure and altered brain function is well evidenced by the psychiatric side - effects of antibiotics, which range from anxiety and panic to major depression, psychosis and delirium.1 A recent large population study reported that treatment with a single antibiotic course was associated with an increased risk for depression and anxiety, rising with multiple exposures.27 Bercik et al. 28 showed that oral administration of non-absorbable antimicrobials transiently altered the composition of the gut microbiota in adult mice and increased exploratory behaviour and hippocampal expression of brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), while intraperitoneal administration had no effect on behaviour.

These findings suggest that «human brain development could not have existed without a diet based on regular consumption of meat,» Domínguez - Rodrigo said.

Her current research within the Laboratories of Cognitive Neuroscience focuses on auditory and language processing in the human brain and its applications for the development of typical and atypical language and literacy skills.

We asked for Davidson's thoughts on essential human kindness and how to leverage brain development to nurture this kindness in young people.

Education must focus on optimizing human brain development and delivering an educational experience that realizes each child's potential.

Why Brain Blogger is a Top Personal Development Blog: For anyone wondering how a new medication affects their brain, looking up the latest treatments on Alzheimer's, or trying to understand what makes the human mind tick, this blog is packed with interesting conBrain Blogger is a Top Personal Development Blog: For anyone wondering how a new medication affects their brain, looking up the latest treatments on Alzheimer's, or trying to understand what makes the human mind tick, this blog is packed with interesting conbrain, looking up the latest treatments on Alzheimer's, or trying to understand what makes the human mind tick, this blog is packed with interesting content.

She worked on multiple research studies as a post graduate at the University of Washington's Institute of Brain and Learning Sciences and Center on Human Development and Disability.

Scientific research in the past 30 years regarding the neuro - development of the human brain during childhood directly challenges the basic premises of the behaviorist approach to treating children, and the scientific evidence on neuro - development during childhood offers more effective treatment alternatives beyond merely rewarding «good behavior» and punishing «bad behavior.»

We asked for Davidson's thoughts on essential human kindness and how to leverage brain development to nurture this kindness in young people.