The Discher Lab has since shown that a protein
on human cells called CD47 functions as a «marker of self» by interacting with a protein on the surface of macrophages called SIRPA.
Not exact matches
Hoping to learn something about how the
human body defends itself against cancer, he had zeroed in
on a complex regiment of lymphocytes
called T
cells, common to the immune systems in both mouse and man.
This study built
on previous research from the Sundrud lab, which showed that when TH17
cells entered the intestine in
human tissue samples, they increased the expression of a gene
called MDR1.
These «organs
on a chip,» as they are
called, are typically glass slides coated with
human cells that have been configured to mimic a particular tissue or interface between tissues.
Oliver Brüstle, director of the Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology at the University of Bonn, Germany, who had a patent
on a method for generating neurons from
human embryonic stem
cells rejected by the court,
called the ruling «the worst possible outcome», and «a disaster for Europe».
A research team led by scientists from Brigham and Women's Hospital has developed a novel technology platform that enables the continuous and automated monitoring of so -
called «organs -
on - chips» — tiny devices that incorporate living
cells to mimic the biology of bona fide
human organs.
By now, European astronauts had hoped to be established in their space laboratory
called Columbus, where they would be melting and solidifying conductive metals, studying microgravity effects
on single -
celled organisms, investigating
human balance disorders, and carrying out dozens of other experiments.
In a double - barreled discovery, Brady and co-investigator Louis Cohen found that gut bacteria and
human cells, though different in many ways, speak what is basically the same chemical language, based
on molecules
called ligands.
MERS CoV (CoV stands for coronavirus) has
on its surface an array of spike - shaped proteins that bind to host
cells — specifically to receptor proteins
called DPP4
on the surface of
cells that line
human airways.
In March the Field Museum opened a controversial new exhibit
called the Evolving Planet, which takes visitors
on a 4 - billion - year journey that shows life
on Earth developing from single -
celled organisms to dinosaurs and finally to
humans.
A new study, however, provides insights
on the cellular mechanisms that might be targeted to help certain stem
cells -
called human mesenchymal stem
cells (hMSCs)- maintain properties needed to make them clinically useful.
PARIS — As scientists race to finish a rough draft of the
human genome, a European consortium is about to launch an effort to pinpoint every key spot in our genetic code where
cells turn genes
on and off by adding a molecule
called a methyl group.
All
human cells contain a protein
called CD47
on their outer membrane coat.
The new technique —
called DNA Programmed Assembly of
Cells (DPAC) and reported in the journal Nature Methods on August 31, 2015 — allows researchers to create arrays of thousands of custom - designed organoids, such as models of human mammary glands containing several hundred cells each, which can be built in a matter of h
Cells (DPAC) and reported in the journal Nature Methods
on August 31, 2015 — allows researchers to create arrays of thousands of custom - designed organoids, such as models of
human mammary glands containing several hundred
cells each, which can be built in a matter of h
cells each, which can be built in a matter of hours.
Amid rumors that precision gene - editing techniques have been used to modify the DNA of
human embryos, researchers have
called for a moratorium
on the use of the technology in reproductive
cells.
We already knew that E. coli can grip to
human cells using hair - like appendages that have tiny protein hooks
on their tips, but until now no one had worked out the structure of this protein,
called FimH, or how it interacts with
human cells.
The approach developed by the MGH team focuses
on small areas of the
human genome — so -
called polyguanine (poly - G) repeats that are particularly susceptible to mutation, with genetic «mistakes» occurring frequently during
cell division.
That report — a world first — fuelled global deliberations over the ethics of modifying embryos and
human reproductive
cells, and led to
calls for a moratorium
on even such proof - of - principle research.
The researchers modified a type of
human immune
cell —
called T lymphocytes, or T
cells — to target a molecule
called CS1, which is found
on more than 95 percent of myeloma
cells, and to kill the
cells.
U.S. Supreme Court rejects petition
calling for ban
on taxpayer - funded
human embryonic stem
cell research
Researchers at the Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments (FRAME) in Nottingham, have just finished the first stage of development, which draws
on research showing that
human skin
cells produce chemicals
called cytokines when exposed to chemicals that are irritants.
In one well - studied example, the bacteria
called Campylobacter jejuni, a common cause of food poisoning, carries a lipid molecule
on its outer coat that resembles so -
called gangliosides, molecules that help
human nerve
cells recognize and communicate with each other.
The protein LecA
on the surface of the bacteria binds to sugar
on special lipid molecules, so -
called Gb3 lipids, which are present in the outer membrane of
human cells.
«This is important,» says Ponichtera, «because CD209a is a mouse equivalent of a molecule that in
humans is
called DC - SIGN, a lectin receptor
on dendritic
cells that senses a variety of pathogens, including the virus that causes AIDS.
In their new paper in Journal of Immunology, Mandy Ford, Craig Coopersmith and colleagues show that 2B4 levels are increased
on certain types of T
cells (CD4 + memory
cells) in
human sepsis patients and in a mouse model of sepsis
called CLP (cecal ligation + puncture).
February 2010 - Italian stem
cell scientists challenge goverment EuroSyStem scientist Elena Cattaneo challenges Italian government - the story continues In the summer of 2009, three Italian stem celli scientists unsuccessfully challenged their government in the courts over its decision to exclude
human embryonic stem
cell research from a ministerial funding
call for projects
on stem
cell biology.
Peter and colleagues focused their initial studies
on a standard panel, known as NCI60, of 60
human tumor
cell lines that can genetically be divided into two large groups, which they
called superclusters 1 and 2.
However, when the 8 - million - Euro funding
call was made public, a sentence had been introduced that explicitly excluded research
on human embryonic stem
cells.
The finding, the first discovery of a so -
called «master» gene for myocardial, or heart muscle,
cells in an animal model, puts researchers
on track for exploring the capability of homologous genes in mice and
humans.
In recent years, researchers have developed so -
called «senolytic» drugs that wipe out senescent
cells in aging mice and mouse models of age - related disease, exploiting the high dependence of these
cells on specific biochemical survival pathways.9, 10 In these studies, senolytic drugs have restored exercise capacity9 and formation of new blood and immune precursor
cells11 in aging mice to near youthful norms, and prevented or treated mouse models of diseases of aging like osteoarthritis, 12 fibrotic lung disease, 13 hair loss, 14 atherosclerosis, 15,16 and age - related diseases of the heart itself.9 UNITY Biotechnology is leading a growing charge toward the clinic, with
human clinical trials expected to begin in 2019.
In an attempt to solve these issues and to follow up
on the «
Call for Standardized Naming and Reporting of
Human ESC and iPSC Lines» (1), a tool was created to use identifying information to generate a unique
cell line name.
In a study published Thursday in the journal
Cell, the researchers shed light
on the evolutionary history of these pathogens, which are fast developing resistance to even the so -
called last - resort antibiotics, due to their high consumption among
humans.
The Swedish part of the effort,
called the
Human Developmental
Cell Atlas (HDCA) program, includes researchers from Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University and KTH, focusing
on brain, lung, heart and fetal development during the first 12 -LSB-...]
Once taken up by antigen - presenting
cells, which help focus the immune system
on an invader, the vaccine releases a factor that heightens their attention specifically to the cancer - promoting protein E7, a so -
called oncoprotein that not only enables the
human papillomavirus to multiply, but potentially cervical cancer
cells to do the same.
Susan Amara, USA - «Regulation of transporter function and trafficking by amphetamines, Structure - function relationships in excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs), Modulation of dopamine transporters (DAT) by GPCRs, Genetics and functional analyses of
human trace amine receptors» Tom I. Bonner, USA (Past Core Member)- Genomics, G protein coupled receptors Michel Bouvier, Canada - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - Coupled Receptors; Molecular mechanisms controlling the selectivity and efficacy of GPCR signalling Thomas Burris, USA - Nuclear Receptor Pharmacology and Drug Discovery William A. Catterall, USA (Past Core Member)- The Molecular Basis of Electrical Excitability Steven Charlton, UK - Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Moses Chao, USA - Mechanisms of Neurotophin Receptor Signaling Mark Coles, UK - Cellular differentiation,
human embryonic stem
cells, stromal
cells, haematopoietic stem
cells, organogenesis, lymphoid microenvironments, develomental immunology Steven L. Colletti, USA Graham L Collingridge, UK Philippe Delerive, France - Metabolic Research (diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, cardio - vascular diseases, nuclear hormone receptor, GPCRs, kinases) Sir Colin T. Dollery, UK (Founder and Past Core Member) Richard M. Eglen, UK Stephen M. Foord, UK David Gloriam, Denmark - GPCRs, databases, computational drug design, orphan recetpors Gillian Gray, UK Debbie Hay, New Zealand - G protein - coupled receptors, peptide receptors, CGRP, Amylin, Adrenomedullin, Migraine, Diabetes / obesity Allyn C. Howlett, USA Franz Hofmann, Germany - Voltage dependent calcium channels and the positive inotropic effect of beta adrenergic stimulation; cardiovascular function of cGMP protein kinase Yu Huang, Hong Kong - Endothelial and Metabolic Dysfunction, and Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Estrogen Deficiency, Endothelium - derived Contracting Factors in the Regulation of Vascular Tone, Adipose Tissue Regulation of Vascular Function in Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension, Pharmacological Characterization of New Anti-diabetic and Anti-hypertensive Drugs, Hypotensive and antioxidant Actions of Biologically Active Components of Traditional Chinese Herbs and Natural Plants including Polypehnols and Ginsenosides Adriaan P. IJzerman, The Netherlands - G protein - coupled receptors; allosteric modulation; binding kinetics Michael F Jarvis, USA - Purines and Purinergic Receptors and Voltage-gated ion channel (sodium and calcium) pharmacology Pain mechanisms Research Reproducibility Bong - Kiun Kaang, Korea - G protein - coupled receptors; Glutamate receptors; Neuropsychiatric disorders Eamonn Kelly, Prof, UK - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - coupled receptors, in particular opioid receptors, regulation of GPCRs by kinasis and arrestins Terry Kenakin, USA - Drug receptor pharmacodynamics, receptor theory Janos Kiss, Hungary - Neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease Stefan Knapp, Germany - Rational design of highly selective inhibitors (so
call chemical probes) targeting protein kinases as well as protein interaction inhibitors of the bromodomain family Andrew Knight, UK Chris Langmead, Australia - Drug discovery, GPCRs, neuroscience and analytical pharmacology Vincent Laudet, France (Past Core Member)- Evolution of the Nuclear Receptor / Ligand couple Margaret R. MacLean, UK - Serotonin, endothelin, estrogen, microRNAs and pulmonary hyperten Neil Marrion, UK - Calcium - activated potassium channels, neuronal excitability Fiona Marshall, UK - GPCR molecular pharmacology, structure and drug discovery Alistair Mathie, UK - Ion channel structure, function and regulation, pain and the nervous system Ian McGrath, UK - Adrenoceptors; autonomic transmission; vascular pharmacology Graeme Milligan, UK - Structure, function and regulation of G protein - coupled receptors Richard Neubig, USA (Past Core Member)- G protein signaling; academic drug discovery Stefan Offermanns, Germany - G protein - coupled receptors, vascular / metabolic signaling Richard Olsen, USA - Structure and function of GABA - A receptors; mode of action of GABAergic drugs including general anesthetics and ethanol Jean - Philippe Pin, France (Past Core Member)- GPCR - mGLuR - GABAB - structure function relationship - pharmacology - biophysics Helgi Schiöth, Sweden David Searls, USA - Bioinformatics Graeme Semple, USA - GPCR Medicinal Chemistry Patrick M. Sexton, Australia - G protein - coupled receptors Roland Staal, USA - Microglia and neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain and neurological disorders Bart Staels, France - Nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus
on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) transporters
«Among other things, the NAS Report
calls for the Environmental Protection Agency to implement a toxicity testing strategy that is based
on non-mammalian systems and
human cells in culture [in vitro],» Rene explains.
This solo exhibition displays
cell - like imagery and microbiology - inspired pieces to create a
call for awareness about the control
human beings have over the eco-system,
on view through November 25.