Questionnaires also collected data
on known risk factors of CHD every two to four years throughout the study period.
Dr Nelson added: «We also examined whether the association we found between shorter height and higher risk of coronary heart disease could be explained by an effect of height
on known risk factors for coronary heart disease like cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes etc..
Together with the maps the research team have produced contextual information
on known risk factors for health conditions and a summary of current knowledge about possible association of health effects with environmental exposures.
I would prefer the authors to match cohorts based
on known risk factors within the «low risk group».
Not exact matches
Our employees are free to take positive
risks knowing that they will not solely be judged
on a company's profit margin, but also
on factors that all of us at Virgin value, like raising awareness of the brand, creating happy and loyal customers or making a positive impact
on the larger community.
All
known factors &
risks when the city approved the project and funding plan, and all much less painful than asking taxpayers to fund a billion dollar arena
on top of all of these costs.
The latest safe infant sleep recommendations are based
on what experts have learned and are
known risk -
factors for sleep - related infant deaths.
She
knew this about me, about my admission to medical school and dropping out, and
on the basis of the internal
factors which drove me, in the past, to get into medical school, so calculated that I was not much of a
risk at all even though I was broke and continued to be so for the first three years of our marriage.
Thus the decision
on whether to perform an elective cesarean delivery (also
known as «patient choice cesarean» or «cesarean
on demand») will come down to a number of ethical
factors including the patient's concerns and the physician's understanding of the procedure's
risks and benefits.
I had no idea why he was sleepy — just as you Jillian had no idea that your little baby was dehydrated — I also thought I should have
known — yet you had a huge number of health professionals who failed, despite the multiple
risk factors you had, to pick up
on what was happening.
We
know that they are
risk factors and one seem to be the baby sleeping
on its stomach.
It came up at christmas dinner; at one point, the topic of breastfeeding came up, and my spouse's uncle started to say «I
know breastfeeding reduces the
risk of allergies later» and, expecting him to move
on to obesity and IQ and whatever else he was about to say, I just said «
No, that's not true», and started trying to explain the difference between correlation and causation, and the difficulties with prospective studies and confounding
factors, etc..
However, bacterial growth may also be a secondary effect of other
known risk factors like over-heating, parental smoking and lying a child
on its stomach.
What is your opinion
on the American Academy of Pediatrics labeling all bedsharing as «hazardous» and recommending against it without qualifications even if the mother is breastfeeding and the context is absent of any maternal (or paternal) smoking, before or after pregnancy, or other
known bedsharing
risk factors?
Trust me when I say I was cursing the fact that no one
knows the real
risk factors for SIDS and I wasn't comfortable with my child sleeping
on her stomach in her own sleeping space because she hated and fought her swaddle, had an intense Moro reflex, and the gas would've been soothed by tummy sleep.
ECAP targets
factors known to mediate the effects of
risk factors on adopted children's outcomes.
Subsequently, by virtue of defining that an adult and infant are unable to safely sleep
on the same surface together, such as what occurs during bedsharing, even when all
known adverse bedsharing
risk factors are absent and safe bedsharing practices involving breastfeeding mothers are followed, an infant that dies while sharing a sleeping surface with his / her mother is labeled a SUID, and not SIDS.26 In this way the infant death statistics increasingly supplement the idea that bedsharing is inherently and always hazardous and lend credence, artificially, to the belief that under no circumstance can a mother, breastfeeding or not, safely care for, or protect her infant if asleep together in a bed.27 The legitimacy of such a sweeping inference is highly problematic, we argue, in light of the fact that when careful and complete examination of death scenes, the results revealed that 99 % of bedsharing deaths could be explained by the presence of at least one and usually multiple independent
risk factors for SIDS such as maternal smoking, prone infant sleep, use of alcohol and / or drugs by the bedsharing adults.28 Moreover, this new ideology is especially troubling because it leads to condemnations of bedsharing parents that border
on charges of being neglectful and / or abusive.
Babies sleeping
on their front, parental smoking, poverty, and young maternal age are all well -
known factors that are associated with an increased
risk of unexpected infant death [50].
«These
factors should be considered through targeted interventions focusing
on mothers who are at
risk of ceasing breastfeeding before the recommended time and
on known factors and behavior that can be prevented.»
You
know all teens are not getting pregnant or getting their partners pregnant and we are building
on positive
factors in the community instead of emphasizing
risk factors and negative behaviors,» Burstein explained.
«We don't
know why only a fraction of individuals with genetic
risk factors for celiac disease actually become gluten intolerant,» said Peter Green, MD, the Phyllis and Ivan Seidenberg Professor of Medicine at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Director of the Celiac Disease Center at Columbia University and co-author
on the study.
«We've
known that aging is a major
risk factor for most chronic diseases for some time, but recently, we've gained a better understanding of the aging process's basic underpinnings, which has allowed us to extend both life span and health — in animals at least,» says Felipe Sierra, director of the Division of Aging Biology at the National Institute
on Aging.
Dr. Fuster adds: «For our patients» lives and for the health of our global economies we need to improve our predictive measures for cardiovascular disease and can
no longer just rely
on traditional
risk factors.
The method used in the study is
known as the Hirsch Index and while the study authors acknowledge
factors such as there being high public interest leading to more studies of a particular illness, they believe that because it is objective and evidence - based it will be a useful complement and guide to more traditional methods of
risk assessment and can be used to produce a shortlist of pathogens for authorities to focus
on.
Obesity is a well -
known risk factor for osteoarthritis, but its effects
on cartilage repair are unknown.
Steatosis — when the liver becomes infiltrated with fat — occurs frequently after liver transplantation, but little is
known about its actual prevalence in transplant recipients, which
risk factors are involved, or what effects the condition has
on patients» survival.
On closer inspection, the scientists discovered that the three genes involved in producing miR135 are located in areas of the genome that are
known to be associated with
risk factors for bipolar mood disorders.
The
known risk factors the researchers focused
on included depression, lower education levels, physical inactivity, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity and smoking.
While the negative effects of stress
on the body have been
known for a long time, loneliness is a more recently recognized health
risk factor.
One limitation of the study is that researchers relied
on self - reporting by study participants for information about high blood pressure or preeclampsia, a pregnancy disorder marked by high blood pressure and protein in the urine and a
known risk factor for heart disease, that occurred in subsequent pregnancies after the one in which the initial data was collected.
«The favorable effect of coffee
on liver cancer might be mediated by coffee's proven prevention of diabetes, a
known risk factor for the disease, or for its beneficial effects
on cirrhosis and liver enzymes.»
«We
know from many studies that good physical fitness reduces cardiovascular mortality, and that physical activity has a positive impact
on cardiovascular
risk factors following a rehab program,» said Maxime Caru, a doctoral student in human kinetics at UdeM and lead author of the study.
A recent analysis of the existing research
on factors associated with an individual's
risk for engaging in terrorist activity highlights how little we
know about these
factors and the need for additional research in this area.
Bereavement has long been
known as a
risk factor for death and this study increases our understanding of its effects
on cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks and strokes.
It has been
known for some time that coeliac disease develops in people who have a genetic susceptibility, but despite the fact that 40 % of the population carry the most decisive
risk factor (the HLA - DQ2 and DQ8 polymorphisms), only 1 % go
on to develop the disease.
Andersson's research is based
on the well -
known fact that vessel dysfunction is associated with oxidative stress, and that certain «molecular messengers» between cells promote inflammation and are a
risk factor for atherosclerosis and hypertension.
Age remains the strongest
known risk factor for dementia, but emerging evidence
on aspects of the environment could become important to help prevent dementia in future.»
While we
know that other donor characteristics can influence the
risk of the patient developing Graft versus Host disease or other complications, more research is needed to determine how important different donor
factors are
on outcomes other than patient survival.»
«While there is extensive scientific literature
on the late effects of cancer therapy, including the
risk that survivors will develop subsequent malignancies, until now little was
known about the contribution of genetic
factors,» said Jinghui Zhang, PhD, Computational Biology chair.
Even though elevated
risk factors in younger adults are
known to lead to greater
risk later
on, most of the guidelines only begin for people at age 40, he says.
Contact with contaminated fish and shellfish is also a
risk factor, and crabs are
known to carry Vibrio bacteria
on their shells.
This was an observational study, so it can not prove that the blueberries caused the reduction in
risk, but it seems likely given the
known beneficial effects
on risk factors.
11 ApoE4 heterozygotes (people with one allele) have a five-fold increased
risk of developing AD, and homozygotes (two alleles) are estimated to have a staggering lifetime
risk between 50 - 90 percent.12 Despite this seemingly damning genetic heritage, the ApoE4 allele is neither required nor sufficient for development of AD, as 50 percent of people with AD are not carriers, and some E4 homozygotes never develop the disease.13
On the other hand, the other
known risk factor — hyperinsulinism — elevates
risk by 43 percent independently of ApoE status.
In fact, greater intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with a reduced
risk independent of other
known risk factors, meaning that there may be additional benefits to bulking up
on plant foods above and beyond restricting animal foods.
We don't just rely
on one antibiotic, because we do
know that one of the biggest riks —
risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection is cumulative antibiotic exposure according to literature, right?
Stress is
known to have damaging effects
on health and is widely recognized as a major
risk factor in the development of heart disease and in heart disease -LSB-...]
While there's still some content about mammograms
on the site, «informational pages and factsheets about the disease, including symptoms, treatment,
risk factors, and public
no - or low - cost cancer screening programs, have been entirely removed and are
no longer found elsewhere
on the [Office
on Women's Health] site,» according to the foundation's report.
They focus
on net fund alphas, meaning after - fee returns in excess of the
risk - free rate, adjusted for exposures to three kinds of
risk factors well
known at the start of the sample period: (1) traditional equity market, bond market and credit
factors; (2) dynamic stock size, stock value, stock momentum and currency carry
factors; and, (3) a volatility
factor specified as monthly returns from buying one - month, at ‐ the ‐ money S&P 500 Index calls and puts and holding to expiration.
Risk tolerance is based
on two main
factors: your personality and how soon you need to access your investment, also
known as investment horizon.
@Grant - a portion of the expected returns
on dividend stocks may be attributable to the term
factor (similar to one of the
known risk factors in bonds).