Sentences with phrase «on long time scales»

The climate models got scores far worse than a random walk, indicating a complete failure to provide valid forecast information at the regional level, even on long time scales.

Jelle Bijma http://www.awi.de/People/show?jbijma seems to have a sufficiently solid scientific background, even if his research interests — Ocean Warming and Acidification; Proxy Development and Innovation; The Earth System on Long Time Scales — are ones we see too much confidence about in the broader debate.

Note that I am not necessarily claiming that this is the feedback operating on the long time scales associated with global warming — only that it is the average feedback involved in the climate fluctuations occurring during the period when the satellite was making its measurements.

It seems obvious that with the enormous energy buffer (let me not fall into the trap you excoriate of using vague words — I'll define «enormous» as circa «1000 times that of the atmosphere») provided by the oceans then it would be trivial to demonstrate that heat may be sequestered or released on long time scales which would entirely refute the results of your experiments.

Life has a tendency to sequester carbon below ground causing coal and oil deposits on long time scales, removing it from the atmosphere / ocean system, and therefore acting as a net sink.

What evidence is there they get it right on long time scales?

On long time scales, evaporation (i.e LE) balances precipitation.

Standard error involves both natural variability (including that not well understood because it operates on long time scales, and therefore has not been observed during the period of modern technology) as well as measurement error (or error / uncertainty in the proxies).

Long term climate based on radiative forcing is predicable on long time scales depending on the confluence parameters.

And I'm not aware of any climate model that shows chaotic behaviour on long time scales.

Remember that we are looking at a relationship on long time scales, i.e. ~ 15 years is one independent data point for us.

The researchers» results, published this week in the journal Scientific Reports, could help reveal how the climate of the North Atlantic region, which includes the U.S., varies on long time scales.

The results from the study tell scientists how the climate of the North Atlantic region, which includes the U.S., varies on long time scales.

Researchers from North Carolina State University have found that the transfer of triplet excitons from nanomaterials to molecules also creates a feedback mechanism that returns some energy to the nanocrystal, causing it to photoluminesce on long time scales.

Even for the process to be considered carbon neutral on long time scales, Schlesinger noted, forest managers would have to be certain that replacement trees were given enough time to store the same amount of carbon that their predecessors contained when they were harvested.

In the study, scientists from the Potsdam - based Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, and Harvard University show that sea surface temperatures reconstructed from climate archives vary to a much greater extent on long time scales than simulated by climate models.

Macro-Evolution is micro-evolution on longer time scale.

According to Laepple: «We are in the middle of an experiment that we can not reverse, but which we still don't understand well enough to make clear statements at the regional level on longer time scales.

«We're arguing that these regions also represent what's going on in the outside world but on a longer time scale.

They found that there is a negative correlation between cloud cover and sea surface temperature apparent on a long time scale — again suggesting a positive cloud - climate feedback in this region.

-- On the multi-million year time scale, passages through the spiral arms of the milky way correlate with climate on earth (e.g., this discussion), and on longer time scale, glacial activity correlates with star formation in the milky way.

Scientific climate records typically only date back 150 years, so this research will have an impact on the Desert Southwest by showing what climate is capable of doing on a longer time scale.

Some processes important on longer time scales are not yet included.

In a second paper in the current issue of the journal Nano Letters, Zewail and his colleagues described their visualization of the changes in a nanometer - thick graphite membrane on a longer time scale, up to a thousandth of a second.

However, we must (1) compare the solar forcing with the net of other forcings, which enhances the importance of solar change, because the net forcing is smaller than the GHG forcing, and (2) consider forcing changes on longer time scales, which greatly diminishes the importance of solar change, because solar variability is mainly oscillatory.

The twist comes, however, when looking at the break up on a longer time scale.

The question is to what extent we will play with the climate trigger game, and the question is what it entails on longer time scales.

For variability on a long time scale, the effect is generally constant over a short time period (such as Milankovitch cycles).

On longer time scales, solar - related effects may play a bigger role, though I have yet to be persuaded that the observations imply a stronger effect than you can get just with irradiance / ozone changes.

Even if it were real physical variability, at that short time scale I would not expect it to be linked to global temperature in the way that I expect this link on longer time scales.

But to the point: yes, in theory the climate system could show chaos on longer time scales.

Other feedbacks in the climate system also operate on longer time scales, e.g. permafrost carbon.

Feedbacks that act on a longer time scale would leave a residual but more persistent imbalance, with a change in the long term sensitivity.

But on longer time scales, the situation is murky because so many factors shape the formation and growth of tropical cyclones.

On longer time scales, of course, the inevitability of discovering an asteroid on a collision course is clear — which makes figuring out strategies for dealing with that eventuality not simply fodder for screenwriters and novelists.

So at best this is useful for seasonal forecasts, unless someone is forecasting sea ice extent on longer time scales.

On longer time scales the forces that affect the atmosphere at different latitudes cause the deviation to vanish.

On longer time scales, the two longest time series (using independent criteria for selection, quality control, interpolation and analysis of similar data sets) show good agreement about long - term trends and also on decadal time scales.

This, in turn, has provoked the counterargument that the Earth is still warming, just on a longer time scale, or that the recent period is too short to yield statistically significant results.»

On a longer time scale, global average surface temperatures have risen at a rate of about 0.70 °C per century.

We need to focus more on improving weather forecasting on longer time scales than the current 7 - 8 days so that vulnerable communities have more time to prepare for adversity.

While ice albedo is still part of the positive feedback now, there is not enough of it that is quickly going to disappear, but Greenland and Antarctica can contribute to this as they go dark on longer time scales.

On a longer time scale, fresh water will become scarcer, especially during the summer, as mountain glaciers disappear, particularly in Asia and parts of North America.

We see this lag every season over the globe, but it also plays out on longer time scales.

But that does not necessarily imply that they are useless or have no skill on longer time scales.

Although continuous observations of the tilt angle are made by the Wilcox Solar Observatory (WSO) since 1976, for the purpose of centennial reconstructions of the CR modulation it is important to know the tilt angle variability on longer time scale.

Therefore, it is important to know its variability in order to study large scale HMF dynamics and the heliospheric modulation of cosmic rays on long time scale including the centennial trends.

Such changes might depend on a social movement for climate stabilization that supports long - term changes in social norms (e.g. about family size), greater availability of mass transit, climate - friendly urban design, or other actions that are impractical on the short term but on a longer time scale increase the plasticity of potentially high - impact behaviors.

The variations over time depicted for the various datasets are in generally good agreement, notwithstanding differences in absolute amounts, but there are differences on the longest time scales that are prominent for some regions.

They correctly identified the various forces acting in the various directions (greenhouse gases = > warming, aerosols = > cooling, on longer time scales expect natural cooling from interglacial into an ice age); however, they said more research was needed to reliably say what path the climate would take.