Sentences with phrase «on macrophage cell»

Protection relies only on the IL - 6 receptors that are bound on macrophage cell membranes.

Not exact matches

By «plugging in» to the cardiomyocytes, macrophages help the heart cells receive the signals and stay on beat.

By analyzing chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared in two different forms — «on,» which allows the signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.

In this study, the researchers found that a specific population of immune cells called macrophages have the ability to secrete or produce a protective or healing factor known as Interleukin - 10 (IL - 10), which can interact with receptors on intestinal epithelial cells to promote wound healing.

On encountering the TB bacillus, receptors on immune - system scavenger cells known as macrophages stimulate the conversion of circulating vitamin D to its active form, which produces a peptide that destroys the bacilluOn encountering the TB bacillus, receptors on immune - system scavenger cells known as macrophages stimulate the conversion of circulating vitamin D to its active form, which produces a peptide that destroys the bacilluon immune - system scavenger cells known as macrophages stimulate the conversion of circulating vitamin D to its active form, which produces a peptide that destroys the bacillus.

In mice with pancreatic tumors, Kalbasi and other members of the team found relatively high levels of inflammatory compounds including CCL2, the signaling molecule that activates CCR2 on monocytes and macrophages to make these cells migrate to tumors.

An early - stage clinical study by another institution, published in the Lancet Oncology in May 2016, combined chemotherapy with an experimental drug that blocks CCR2, a receptor on monocytes and macrophages whose activation stimulates these cells to infiltrate tumors.

His group focused on another type of immune cell known as primary macrophages and their response to live bacterial pathogens.

TLR7 is one of a family of receptors present on innate immune cells like macrophages that have been linked to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.

When looking for culprits, researchers have often focused their microscopes on macrophages, which occupy a meaningful spot among the white blood cells in the tumor microenvironment.

In 2010, it was discovered that enhancers directed expression of RNA on a broad scale in neurons and macrophages, a type of immune system cell.

The new NYU Langone study revolves around the ability of immune cells to «decide» which cell types to become based on the type of invader encountered — including macrophages that arrive first at the sites of infection.

Antigen - presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells and macrophages, activate T cells by engaging protein receptors on the T cell surface.

«These findings question a long - held paradigm that myelin - specific T cells initiate inflammation in the brain through activation of microglia and brain macrophages,» says Scott Zamvil, MD, PhD, a professor of neurology at the University of California, San Francisco and co-author on the paper.

This activation causes additional stress which keeps the macrophages «turned on» in a cycle that amplifies and further damages the cells and surrounding tissues.

When SIRPA contacts CD47 on any other cell, it serves as a safeguard that prevents the macrophage from engulfing the other cell, even if it's cancerous.

«The big surprise,» Discher said, «is that injected macrophages circulate all around the body but accumulate only within the tumors where they engorge on cancer cells.»

The Discher Lab has since shown that a protein on human cells called CD47 functions as a «marker of self» by interacting with a protein on the surface of macrophages called SIRPA.

The Discher lab has expertise with mimicking these protective mechanisms on healthy cells, but now they are targeting the proteins on macrophages that respond to those signals.

Soon, dying muscle cells and dying macrophages join a growing plaque on the artery wall.

On top of the T cell abnormalities, chronic GVHD involves antibody - producing B cells and scavenger cells called macrophages.

This relies on the ability of macrophages, types of white blood cell, to produce nitric oxide when they are exposed to cytokines.

Once switched on, macrophages then decide whether immune cells including natural killer cells receive their marching orders,» explains Prof. Dr. Veit Hornung.

By means of their mouse model, the hormone researchers from Ulm could prove that dexamethasone — mediated through the dimer function of GR — leads to the release of sphingosine -1-phosphate in the macrophages, a tissue hormone that fosters growth, migration and division of cells and has a stabilization effect on inner vessel walls.

The researchers focused on how hematopoietic stem cells developed into one of two types of white blood cells: macrophages or neutrophils.

«For instance, if you've got hepatitis B infection, then you're going to have impaired macrophage function in the liver, which is going to impair the ability of those cells to go on and respond to other viruses.

Expression of C - type lectin, SIGNR3, on subsets of dendritic cells, macrophages, and monocytes.

Skeletal muscle fiber formation, bone marrow stem cell formation, thymus T - cell formation, TNF - a / INF - gamma production by immune system's macrophages (immunosenescence by IGF loss), neuregulin and brain - derived neutrophic factor depend on IGF - 1 acting on brain IGFR receptors.

The mechanism of action is based on the activation of macrophages to defend against tumors by direct tumor cytotoxicity and consequently they secrete cytokines which recruit secondary immune cells, presenting antigen to T cells [5 - 7].

Moreover, there are yet other cell types — such as visceral adipose tissue macrophages and cytotoxic CD8 + T - cells — in which the age - related supernumerary accumulation of dysfunctional and apoptosis - resistant cells appears to play a highly deleterious role on tissue function, but where the cells are not «senescent» cells in the classical sense of p16Ink4a expression and the senescence - associated secretory profile observed in senescent fibroblasts.

Next steps: Future studies will focus on investigation of 1) the biological functions of newly identified STM protein that is required for colonization of macrophages and 2) Nramp1 - affected pathways in STM cells.

Similarly, OX40L is inducible and has been found on activated / mature APC such as dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages.

4 - 1BBL was largely thought to be on APC that have been activated for several days, such as dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages although again it is clear that 4 - 1BBL is now more ubiquitous as it has been visualized to be induced on diverse cell types such as mast cells, osteoclasts, smooth muscle, and stem cells.

He has been interested in differentiation and growth control throughout his career and is an expert on hematopoietic stem cells, macrophage differentiation, hematopoietic and Maf family transcription factors.

LIGHT can bind LTβR, a TNFR family molecule constitutively expressed on stromal cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and some epithelial cells.

The researchers focussed on the ability of trehalose, a sugar consisting of two linked glucose molecules, to increase the amount of organelles inside specialized «housekeeping» cells known as macrophages.

In his research on the axolotl, which is a Mexican salamander, Dr. Godwin discovered that when it comes to regenerating tissue without scarring, a white blood cell called the macrophage may be a triggering factor.

Whitehead Institute researchers have uncovered a novel association between two fungal recognition receptors on the surface of certain immune cells, called macrophages.

Researchers focused on white blood cells called macrophages that work to destroy invading bacterial microbes.

The researchers focused on two types of white blood cells, known as macrophages and neutrophils.

Without Nr4a1 to put a damper on production, monocytes and macrophages increase secretion of norepinephrine, which in turn leads to the activation of macrophages, thereby amplifying neuroinflammation and causing a massive influx of T cells into the central nervous system.

When they used such mice to test their approach, they found that the bulk of therapeutic effect from CD47 blockade relied not on macrophages but on dendritic cells.

They then showed that when activated, that DNA region, which they called «enhancer # 2» (E2), was capable of switching on Nr4a1 expression only in patrolling monocytes, and not in related cells like macrophages.

The recent emphasis on macrophages stems, in part, from promising, but problematic, efforts to develop an effective macrophage - driven T cell - mediated immunotherapy.

By changing the mouse model they use to study how the immune system responds to cancer, a team of researchers hopes to shift the focus for one form of cancer immunotherapy back to the standard approach — relying on antigen - presenting dendritic cells — and away from the current upstart, macrophages.

Under the guidance of a world - renowned cancer biologist, Robert Weinberg, Ph.D., Lu is focusing on how metastatic breast cancer cells interact with a subset of immune cells called macrophages, which normally are capable of engulfing — literally eating — infected, damaged, or cancerous cells.

His laboratories are focusing on the ontogeny and differentiation of macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs).

The greater CD169 coating of Vγ4 + γδT cells and their stronger dependence on CD169 for retention in the SCS than the other innate - like lymphocytes suggests these cells interact more strongly or in a more selective way with CD169 + macrophages.

The macrophages release cytokines that can activate more innate immune cells, readying them for attack on viruses or cancer cells, or they can activate the adaptive arm of immunity, priming it for clonal expansion.

Because the damaged proteins on the surfaces of tumor cells look very different from healthy cells, the immune system is alarmed, and natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages are immediately sent to the tumor.