Not exact matches
One problem is that researchers haven't been studying
ocean oxygen levels that long, so there isn't an extensive history of data collection to draw
on.
This includes places like parts of the eastern Pacific
Ocean where small animals like nematodes and specially adapted fish live
on the fringes of habitability, subsisting in waters where
oxygen concentrations can be only about 1 % of normal surface water
levels.
Scientists are keeping a close watch
on variables that might affect life in the open
ocean, including depleted
oxygen levels caused by a feeding frenzy from oil - and gas - eating microbes, and the unknown effects of dispersants, which break the oil into droplets but may keep it suspended in the water.
It is perfectly possible that sponges came before, and helped bring about, fully oxygenated
oceans, says Timothy Lyons at the University of California, Riverside, who studies the variation in
oxygen levels on early Earth.
The increased
oxygen levels could now attack the rocks
on land and in the process release nutrients such as phosphor and iron that ended up in the
oceans as nutrients for microorganisms.
Although atmospheric
oxygen soon recovered again as photosynthesis and weathering reached a new balance, at about 10 per cent of present - day
levels, the oxidative weathering of sulphides
on land filled the
oceans with sulphate which created abundant food for a group of bacteria that filled the
oceans with sewer gas (hydrogen sulphide) toxic to
oxygen - loving lifeforms (delaying the development of eukaryotic plants and animals) and turned them «into stinking, stagnant waters almost entirely devoid of
oxygen.»
Red dots mark places
on the coast where
oxygen has plummeted to 2 milligrams per liter or less, and blue areas mark zones with the same low -
oxygen levels in the open
ocean.
Coho fry remain in the creek for their first year, where they depend
on slow - moving water, high
oxygen levels in the water with adequate stream cover and abundant shelter to survive and develop the strength they will need for their migration into the
ocean.
Phytoplankton, which live close enough to the water's surface to perform photosynthesis — critical to maintaining
oxygen in Earth's atmosphere — form the base of the marine food web.4 Although phytoplankton are microscopic, they can be seen from satellites when they grow in a concentrated area (bloom)
on the
ocean's surface.5 Zooplankton, which feed
on phytoplankton, and bacterioplankton, which recycle nutrients in the water, make up the next
levels of the web.4
Here's a quick video
on eutrophication from SUNY via WRI: Follow Jaymi
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After measuring water quality and going through thick bacterial slime and dead marine animal bodies
on the
ocean floor, the researchers found extremely low
oxygen levels in greater depths while there was still high
oxygen in shallow waters where corals were healthy — a symptom of a dead zone.