But a study published today in the National Academy of Sciences, found that half of oil palm plantations in Indonesian Borneo were established
on peat lands.
Not exact matches
Carrefour published its Sourcing Policy
on Sustainable Palm Oil in 2014 which includes the RSPO standard and additional criteria such as protection of
peat lands and high carbon stock areas.
The company is a signatory of the 2014 New York Declaration
on Forests and has made a long - term commitment to only buy palm oil whose production doesn't lead to deforestation, fire or loss of
peat land.
Many of the wildfires occur
on land that has deep reserves of
peat, which is rich in carbon.
Unilever was also a player in palm oil trader Wilmar's recent agreement to adopt a no - deforestation policy, which prohibits its suppliers from establishing plantations
on lands with large amounts of carbon — like
peat soils — or
lands with a high conservation value (ClimateWire, Dec. 8, 2013).
With the backdrop of massive
peat land fires sending carbon into the atmosphere and the fast - approaching U.N. climate talks, environmental advocates expect today's visit between Indonesian President Joko «Jokowi» Widodo and President Obama to touch
on climate change and deforestation challenges.
On Friday, Jokowi announced radical steps to address the annual
peat land fires.
On the other hand CH4 is produced mostly indirectly, for example, in growing rice crops or in draining out water for
peat lands.
The coverage of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines
on wetlands was restricted to peatlands drained and managed for
peat extraction, conversion to flooded
lands, and limited guidance for drained organic soils.
Fires also emit methane, a greenhouse gas 21 times more potent than carbon dioxide (CO2), but
peat fires may emit up to 10 times more methane than fires occurring
on other types of
land.
In recent years, climate scientists have been concerned about a so - called «methane time bomb»
on land, which would be detonated when warming Arctic temperatures melt permafrost and cause frozen vegetation in
peat bogs and other areas to decay, releasing methane and carbon dioxide.
In Southeast Asia, one fourth of all oil - palm plantations are located
on drained
peat lands.
Taken together, the impact of
peat fires
on global warming may be more than 200 times greater than fires
on other
lands.
Last month, Indonesia began to finally detail its plan, which includes a two - year moratorium
on new forestry concession
on rainforest
lands and
peat swamps and will be supported over the next five years by a one billion dollar contribution by Norway, under the Scandinavian nation's International Climate and Forests Initiative.
Producing palm oil
on rainforest
lands or
peat swamp has a staggering environmental impact.
This includes carbon
on land in vegetation, soils,
peat and freshwater and in the atmosphere, ocean and surface ocean sediments.
The flux is from the biosphere to the atmosphere or the biosphere to sedimentation — except where organics are retained
on land in
peat moss for instance.
But this is the really short version in regards to climate change: When you chop down the forests grown
on peat and drain the
land to depths sufficient for oil palm cultivation, the soil starts oxidizing and releasing massive amounts of CO2.