Human Antibodies From V - Gene Libraries Displayed
on Phage», Journal of Molecular Biology, 222: 581 - 597, 1991.
Marcello Maresca (Stewart, TUD)-- «Fundamental and applied studies
on phage mediated recombination» (2007)
«Killing time: Study sheds light
on phages and precision cell destruction: Mathematical model of key intracellular events.»
USDAs new research
on phages to disinfect fruits and vegetables already shows great promise, Leverentz says.
Their activity outside the chromosomes has been poorly studied; most research has focused
on phages integrated into bacterial chromosomes.
This study focused
on phages.
Not exact matches
Phages identify and grab bacteria using proteins
on their leglike tail fibers, which form a strong bond with compounds
on the bacterial cell surface.
Because
phages are naturally found
on fruits and vegetables and do not affect the odor, taste, safety or appearance of foods, scientists are investigating whether these «bacteria - eaters» could have an expanded role in promoting food safety.
For example,
phages are useful for selectively decontaminating cheese — a food that relies heavily
on the presence of beneficial bacteria for its flavor.
Treating food with
phages is not, however, an entirely novel idea: in the United States, a
phage product already
on the market is sprayed
on raw food products to prevent Listeria bacteria growth.
To the best of Skurnik's knowledge, corresponding studies
on the application of
phages in food treatment have not been conducted anywhere prior to this.
Research focused
on the utilisation of viruses that infect and kill bacteria, known as bacteriophages or
phages, in preventing infectious diseases has gained new traction after bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global problem.
Each strain of
phage is highly targeted and has evolved to home in
on specific bacteria, which means a precise match between prey and predator is necessary for any
phage - based treatment to be effective.
Phages would require a less traditional approach to get official approval, such as the annual process for influenza vaccines in which manufacturers secure approval of new formulas based
on the flu bug that is going around that year, instead of conducting big clinical trials every time.
Her team is working
on identifying hardier strains of
phages that might quash them.
For instance,
phage disinfection does nt work well
on acidic foods, such as apples or, presumably, tomatoes.
Still, since then,
phage therapy research has only puttered along
on a small scale.
In one experiment, the ARS researchers inoculated melon slices with a million Salmonella and then spritzed
on a flavorfree solution containing 100 million Salmonella - targeting
phages.
On other fronts, Camilli's lab is busily figuring out how the cholera - fighting
phages — called ICP1 — did their genetic sleight of hand.
«Whilst regulated
phage therapy may take some time, it has been highly successful in recent «compassionate» cases where patients» lives were
on the line,» said Dr. Forde.
Related sites Web site for the Department of Energy program that supports Venter and other genome - related projects Series of lectures
on the biology of
phages (PDF)
The fusion protein produced
on inducing a lysogen of one
phage bound to a monomeric octamer probe.
The
Phage, a 100 - plus - member «theme camp,» hosts nightly talks
on topics ranging from stem cells to 3 - D modeling.
And then, using data collected by other scientists
on three predator - prey pairs — mink - muskrat, gyrfalcon - rock ptarmigan and
phage - Vibrio cholerae — they show how their theory could explain unexpected population cycles.
«As bacteria's natural enemies, their potential as sources for ways to kill bacteria should have been thoroughly explored long ago, but it is only now, with the emerging worldwide crisis in antibiotic resistance, that
phages are finally getting attention in their own right,» Ing - Nang Wang, another co-author
on the report, remarks.
This disparity shows that
phages can kill harmful bacteria, Barr says, but it's not clear whether they help or hurt beneficial bacteria; that may depend
on which types of
phages are present.
To overcome these limitations, researchers developed a nanoencapsulation system using liposome capsules and applied them to the three aforementioned virulent bacteriophages in order to compare the effects of liposome - encapsulated
phages and nonencapsulated
phages on the concentration of Salmonella in model broiler chickens experimentally contaminated with the bacteria.
Based
on the genetic blueprint, these bacterial cells then produce all the components of the desired
phage and ensure that the virus particles are assembled correctly.
The impact of the microbiota
on bone marrow transplantation in mice, differences in
phage infection efficiency in nearly identical hosts, bacterial diversity of Brazilian artisanal cheese.
Together with CSL we embarked
on a collaborative project aiming to identify novel antibodies to target melanoma cells using
phage display technology.
Young's research focuses
on bacterial viruses, also known as bacteriophage or
phage.
Dr. Susan Golden, distinguished professor in the division of biological sciences, molecular biology section at the University of California San Diego, wrote in a support letter, «The fundamental research carried out by Ry's lab over the years underpins so much of modern
phage biology that it's difficult to imagine what the state of the field would be in his absence — undoubtedly poorer and perhaps non-existent — as he persevered during years and even decades when
phage biology was viewed by many as passe and only a few labs carried
on.»
Young worked with fellow researchers across the country to use
phage treatment to save the life of Dr. Tom Patterson, a professor at UC San Diego School of Medicine, who while
on a trip to Egypt became infected with a multi-resistant strain of Acinetobacter baumannii, a deadly pathogen.
But if you're just doing a run
on the milk probiotics, and there's no
phage and — and there's dairy in there, potentially, then there may be a problem.