Sentences with phrase «on plant biomass»

Not exact matches

Middlebury, for example, spent a one - time $ 12 million on a biomass gasification plant, and spends almost $ 5 million per year to achieve its goal of becoming carbon - neutral by 2016.

(263) Biodegradable is defined in the standard as «capable of microbial decomposition within 24 months in soil (with the exception of plant biomass), one month in aerated water, two months in anaerobic water, with minimal impact on the environment» (see 3.10 in CAN / CGSB -32.310).

The company is in the midst of converting the plant to run on biomass — in this case, the wood byproducts of the logging industry.

Data were collected on the amount of irrigation, total plant biomass, moisture content at harvest, forage quality and other agronomic traits.

This makes auxin a significant driver of plant biomass creation on our planet.

Based on measurements of 45,000 individual plants from 3,680 species, and using high - tech statistical mapping protocols, the team created global maps of plant traits including leaf nitrogen concentration, leaf phosphorus concentration, and specific leaf area (a measure of area displayed to intercept light per unit investment in leaf biomass).

Aaron Kreider, a Web developer in Philadelphia who runs a site called the Energy Justice Network, a nonprofit group that supports clean energy and advocates phasing out all nuclear, fossil - fuel, large hydro and biomass plants, said he uses the CARMA data to supplement information on power plants in the United States.

Without their crucial landscaping services, including grazing on plants and leaf litter, biomass builds up on the forest floor and frequently causes wildfires.

«Together, these biomass consumption and behavior data indicate that deer selectivity likely depends more on species and growing season than on native or invasive introduced plant status,» she said.

One approach to tapping into all that biomass focuses on cellulose, the material that gives plant cells their strong walls.

The EPSRC Energy Programme will build on the large amount of research already being conducted through a number of consortia and research programs at various institutions working in areas such as biomass and bioenergy, marine energy, and extending the lifetime of conventional power plants through the Supergen programme.

«Hydropower plants and thermoelectric power plants — which are nuclear, fossil -, and biomass - fueled plants converting heat to electricity — both rely on freshwater from rivers and streams,» explains Michelle Van Vliet, a researcher at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria and Wageningen University in the Netherlands, who led the study.

At each site Meyerson and Cronin measured plant biomass and defenses against herbivores and quantified insect damage by galling, chewing and sucking (aphids) insects to measure the effects of herbivory on Phragmites fitness.

This study showed the timing of when faba was planted had a dramatic effect on the biomass — the total weight — the plants produced before winter weather stopped growth.

Faba beans planted on August 1 had more than twice the biomass of faba beans planted just two weeks later.

Wheeler examined International Energy Agency data for 174 countries on investments in six low - carbon power sources (hydro, geothermal, nuclear, biomass, wind and solar) to find the incremental costs of clean power compared to a cheaper, carbon - intensive option like a conventional coal - fired power plant.

According to her, the research included four of the five functionally distinct carbon pools whose study is recommended by the United Nations (UN) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): aboveground biomass (live plants), dead organic matter, leaf litter (layer that contains a combination of fragments of leaves, branches and other decomposing organic matter) and soil (up to 30 centimeters (cm) in depth).

Furthermore, the relatively quick process of converting coal - fired plants to biomass - fired generation is an attractive benefit for power generators whose generation assets are no longer viable as coal plants due to the expiration of operating permits or the introduction of taxes or other restrictions on fossil fuel usage or emissions of GHGs and other pollutants.

Our work focuses on sorghum (a biomass crop in the US) and Arabidopsis (a model plant, which we use for initial experiments).

He has been a member of various federal research panels, served on several editorial boards and advisory committees in microbiology, and helped author reports for DOE on solar energy generation and the conversion of plant biomass into biofuels.

Some technologies focus on improved ways of breaking down biomass for conversion into fuel, some on engineering plants with the characteristics most advantageous for biofuels, and still others on creating co-products that can help make advanced biofuels economically viable.

For 20 Million Years, the Diversity of Large Terrestrial Mammals Depended on Plant Growth (15/09/2016) For more than 20 million years, the ups and downs of diversity in terrestrial large mammals were determined by primary production, i.e. net production of plant bioPlant Growth (15/09/2016) For more than 20 million years, the ups and downs of diversity in terrestrial large mammals were determined by primary production, i.e. net production of plant bioplant biomass.

Research in this program involves work with plants, fungi, and bacteria and is focused on four key areas: feedstock development, biomass depolymerization, biofuels production, and waste management.

Based on 14,000 fossils, the scientists reconstructed the diversity of terrestrial large mammals and compared it with data on the biomass production of plants during the same time period.

The brilliance is that it allows for multiple animal and plant species to be raised on the same surface area: while a well - run polyculture farm usually produces far fewer pigs than say, a pig factory farm, it has the potential to produce far more biomass on the same surface area.

In the latest development of large - scale biomass energy production, the Netherlands is now home to the world's largest biomass power plant running only on — yep, you got it — chicken manure.

Purpose: To convene a small group of experts (~ 8 people) to support the direction, development and provide input on key issues related to sustainability analysis of electricity generation using renewable biomass for the four coal power plants in Ontario (Atikokan, Thunder Bay, Lambton and Nanticoke).

Such a phenomenon would require an enormous, non-anthropogenic, long term net reduction in total plant biomass on the planet, because without such a reduction, CO2 would merely be cycling rather than accumulating.

«Decade - Long Soil Nitrogen Constraint on the CO2 Fertilization of Plant Biomass.»

There was some bad news for Drax recently as the UK government decided that biomass subsidies would not keep climbing as the «carbon price floor» — levied on fossil fuel production (and due to rise further)-- on electricity consumption has caused a backlash from manufacturers, consumer groups and energy suppliers who are concerned that the «tax will push up prices, make the UK uncompetitive and force the premature closure of coal - fired power plants, increasing the risk of blackouts.»

They exclude it based on the assumption that this release of carbon dioxide is matched and implicitly offset by the carbon dioxide absorbed by the plants growing the biomass.

They exclude it based on the theory that this release of carbon dioxide is matched and implicitly «offset» by the carbon dioxide absorbed by the plants growing the biomass feedstock.

This analysis focuses on perennial biomass, and models both woody and herbaceous plants as the main source of feedstock for dedicated electricity generation and combined heat and power generation.

On the other hand, this option would also exclude the sequestration benefits provided by plant photosynthesis in growing biofuel and biomass crops.

Instead, Kings River has opted to issue bonds and build its own power plants running on local solar, micro-hydro, and biomass resources.

They see small - scale cellulosic refineries located near switchgrass grown on empty fields, beside pulp paper mill plants, or linked to municipal landfills, producing ethanol and using leftover biomass for co-generation of heat.

An analysis made public on Friday showed that new onshore wind plants due to come online in 2016 will cost... far less [per kWh] than coal, biomass and other forms of energy production.

Dr Hulvey and her team focused on the carbon stored in the above - ground tree biomass (tree trunks and branches), using above - ground biomass as a proxy for carbon storage in planted forests.

As a result, $ 12 billion has gone to more than 72,000 projects in the U.S., including solar and wind installations, hydrokinetic projects in rivers, and biomass generation plants on farms.

And finally on the renewable fuels side, it includes a $ 20 million program to build a cellulosic ethanol facility to create the first pilot - plant (we hope) that will produce ethanol from woody biomass as opposed to corn, and thereby drastically raising the energy balance of the ethanol.

Guest post by Indur M. Goklany In its October 14, 2010 issue, Nature magazine (p. 755) reports on a paper by JMG Hudson and G HR Henry, Increased plant biomass in a High Arctic heath community from 1981 to 2008, Ecology 90:2657 — 2663 (2009).

Expressed in financial terms, the health costs linked to biomass burning for power generation run into billions of euros each year, with health costs associated with emissions from former coal and co-fired plants amounting to 137,000 euros per year on average for every megawatt of electrical capacity installed.

Increased weed and pest pressure associated with longer growing seasons and warmer winters will be an increasingly important challenge; there are already examples of earlier arrival and increased populations of some insect pests such as corn earworm.64 Furthermore, many of the most aggressive weeds, such as kudzu, benefit more than crop plants from higher atmospheric carbon dioxide, and become more resistant to herbicide control.72 Many weeds respond better than most cash crops to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations, particularly «invasive» weeds with the so - called C3 photosynthetic pathway, and with rapid and expansive growth patterns, including large allocations of below - ground biomass, such as roots.73 Research also suggests that glyphosate (for example, Roundup), the most widely - used herbicide in the United States, loses its efficacy on weeds grown at the increased carbon dioxide levels likely to occur in the coming decades.74 To date, all weed / crop competition studies where the photosynthetic pathway is the same for both species favor weed growth over crop growth as carbon dioxide is increased.72

Far easier to get some progress on cleaning up residential biomass, residential coal, «back yard» coal industries in China, India and elsewhere, than to stop China and India from building more coal fired power plants when they need more power to provide jobs, industry, and taxes.

If increased CO2 levels are mostly bad for plant life, this would have reduced the plant biomass still further, and so on.

The Royal Society's recent review of Geoengineering commented: «It remains questionable whether pyrolysing the biomass and burying the char has a greater impact on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels than simply burning the biomass in a power plant and displacing carbon - intensive coal plants.»

By planting improved perennials, it would be possible to produce many times the biomass originally harvested from plants on degraded lands and thus reduce atmospheric CO2.

Biomass — plant material and animal waste — can be used to create transportation fuels and generate electricity, but the key to using biomass resources in a beneficial way is to focus on the right resources and use them at an appropriateBiomass — plant material and animal waste — can be used to create transportation fuels and generate electricity, but the key to using biomass resources in a beneficial way is to focus on the right resources and use them at an appropriatebiomass resources in a beneficial way is to focus on the right resources and use them at an appropriate scale.

Even based on the false assumption that only wood waste, not whole trees, are being burnt, Booth found that «up to 95 percent of cumulative CO2 emitted [by the biomass burning power plants] represent a net addition to the atmosphere over decades.»

As the plant stock on land grows larger, it reduces atmospheric carbon concentrations by shifting the balance of carbon stored in biomass versus carbon stored in the air.