Sentences with phrase «on radiative absorption»

There is just the effect of CO2 on radiative absorption, the effect of land use changes on albedo, and perhaps waste heat itself if you value completeness.

Not exact matches

The magnitude of the radiative forcing per doubling is equal to the effect of band widenning, which is (BW1 + BW2) * depth of valley or height of hill, plus some additional effect in the center of the band, which is on the order of 1/2 * (BW1 + BW2) * increase in height or depth of hill or valley; the central contribution could be more or less than that, but it will be less than double (because the shape of the absorption spectrum won't allow a square shape in the graph of the spectral flux).

The ones that are most relevant today though are those that affect atmospheric absorption and reflection of radiation, and surface impacts on either radiative or hydrologic fluxes.

In the tugging on the temperature profile (by net radiant heating / cooling resulting from radiative disequilibrium at single wavelengths) by the absorption (and emission) by different bands, the larger - scale aspects of the temperature profile will tend to be shaped more by the bands with moderate amounts of absorption, while finer - scale variations will be more influenced by bands with larger optical thicknesses per unit distance (where there can be significant emission and absorption by a thinner layer).

But if the optical thickness in that band is sufficiently smaller than in another band (depending on wavelengths), adding some absorption to the optically - thinner band would tend to result in warming of the colder layers (as there would be less temperature variation over height in radiative equilbrium for that band, given the same surface (+ tropospheric) temperatures.

Re my 441 — competing bands — To clarify, the absorption of each band adds to a warming effect of the surface + troposphere; given those temperatures, there are different equilibrium profiles of the stratosphere (and different radiative heating and cooling rates in the troposphere, etc.) for different amounts of absorption at different wavelengths; the bands with absorption «pull» on the temperature profile toward their equilibria; disequilibrium at individual bands is balanced over the whole spectrum (with zero net LW cooling, or net LW cooling that balances convective and solar heating).

On the other hand, water vapor and CO2 have many strong radiative absorption transitions in the infrared (as do also ozone, CH4, N2O, and a variety of CFCs).

«Exploiting Simultaneous Observational Constraints on Mass and Absorption to Estimate the Global Direct Radiative Forcing of Black Carbon and Brown Carbon.»

Therefore, any absorption band within spitting distance of 57 microns should be taken into account with respect to radiative - transfer effects on the energy - transport question; anything very far away need not be.

If that is the case and if the continuum is coming in from all directions, then there is no net radiative power transfer going on and in fact, one would not observe any absorption spectra (or emission spectra) at all.

depending on what I'm doing, I can do straight attenuation or do radiative transfer where there is both absorption and emission in a layer.

Vis.: www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/classics1981/A1981LQ21800001.pdf Even more to the point, he goes on to state that [quote] «The regions of validity of the linear, square root, and nonoverlapping approximations were considered in this article...» [endquote] and notes that the summary of the [quote] «various models and approximations for band absorption» [endquote] given in that article had apparently been useful in many later studies requiring [quote] «mathematical calculation» [endquote] of the radiative exchange by infrared bands.

The radiative energy inciding on our skin is absorbed by the molecules of water in our bodies by Resonance Absorption.

This study seeks to explain the effects of cloud on changes in atmospheric radiative absorption that largely balance changes in global mean precipitation under climate change.

I read Nic's defense here, but I did not see that he refuted the argument I made on his estimate of CS on Stoat: http://scienceblogs.com/stoat/2012/12/20/people-if-you-want-to-argue-with-stoats-first-read-enough-to-be-a-weasel-parrots-neednt-apply/#comment-24749 — It seems to me that Lewis» calculations are reasonable, but they lowball temperature change, ignore ocean heat absorption below 2000 m, and high - ball radiative forcing.

CO; 2 Observations of the Infrared Radiative Properties of the Ocean «[I] t is necessary to understand the physical variables contributing to sea surface emitted and reflected radiation to space.The emissivity of the ocean surface varies with view angle and sea state, the reflection of sky radiation also depends on view angle and sea state, and the absorption of atmospheric constituents such as water vapor, aerosols, and subdivisible clouds affect transmittance.»

And, there is plenty of empirical data at every level: There is empirical data on the basic absorption lines of the various atmospheric constituents, there is a wealth of empirical data backing up the basic equations of radiative transfer that are applied in calculating the greenhouse effect in just the same way that engineers and scientists use these equations everyday in other calculations, there is empirical spectra looking both up from the surface of the earth and down from satellites.

1950s: Research on military applications of radar and infrared radiation promotes advances in radiative transfer theory and measurements = > Radiation math — Studies conducted largely for military applications give accurate values of infrared absorption by gases = > CO2 greenhouse — Nuclear physicists and chemists develop Carbon - 14 analysis, useful for dating ancient climate changes = > Carbon dates, for detecting carbon from fossil fuels in the atmosphere, and for measuring the rate of ocean turnover = > CO2 greenhouse — Development of digital computers affects many fields including the calculation of radiation transfer in the atmosphere = > Radiation math, and makes it possible to model weather processes = > Models (GCMs)-- Geological studies of polar wandering help provoke Ewing - Donn model of ice ages = > Simple models — Improvements in infrared instrumentation (mainly for industrial processes) allow very precise measurements of atmospheric CO2 = > CO2 greenhouse.