Sentences with phrase «on scales of decades»

Because most environmental challenges emerge on scales of decades and centuries, population growth packs a long - term wallop.

Not great, but the carbon has to first be removed by those plants (either very short term or on a scale of decades or centuries) before burning them can put it back into the atmosphere.

I do think it's on the scale of decades.

But on the scale of decades to a century, the dynamics of ice sheets whose disintegration would determine that outcome remain beyond clear human understanding.

re inline comment on 24, What I noted was that the ocean skin equilibrium referenced in RC 5 Sept 06 could be influenced by variations in ocean currents and the cryosphere to affect atmospheric temperature on the scale of decades.

Aaron Lewis @ 24 — «What I noted was that the ocean skin equilibrium referenced in RC 5 Sept 06 could be influenced by variations in ocean currents and the cryosphere to affect atmospheric temperature on the scale of decades»

Long - term natural variability has implications for the modeling of future climate changes, on the scale of decades to centuries.

There may be significant year - to - year variations, but they must even up to a large degree, and there may be large changes over thousands of years, but on the scale of decades no known process can have produced changes comparable to what we have observed at Mauna Loa.

Therefore, the processes of accumulation and ablation are the physical link between glaciers and climate, which explains why these ice bodies are such valuable tracers of climate variability on the scale of decades and centuries.

Although a significant factor in global climate on the scale of decades — the Pacific Ocean modes are part of a global climate system that is variable at many scales in time and space.

This is to fast to matter for climate change which happens on the scale of decades.

You've not shown anything other than the longer term predictions, along with explicit recognition that there are expected to be unpredictable short term variation, on the scale of decades.

These cycles led to a natural changeover between dry and wet phases on a scale of decades.

The climate is determined by those factors that change global temperature on the scale of decades, and there's no evidence that El Nino or volcanism are affecting or are capable of affecting global climate on the scale of decades and longer.

Volcaneos, mass fresh water flooding events that have effected the Atlanic conveyor in the past were on the scale of decades.

From what I've read Big Bear observatory has data demonstrating that albedo is variable even on the scale of decades using a technique conceived of by DaVinci.

Not exact matches

They «operate on a scale and at a level of sophistication and complexity that would have been unimaginable a decade ago,» write Tom Ewing and Robin Feldman, two American academics, in a recent paper analyzing such entities.

While it is true that small oil tankers have moved surplus oil out of Second Narrows for decades, it has never been done on this scale — or using ships that exceed the dimensions of what the Port Metro Vancouver (PMV) previously considered safe.

But the kickbacks for Putin's cronies are on the scale of billions

Mark Galeotti's study of Russian organised crime, the product of three decades of academic research and consultancy work, is more than timely.

Four - in - five say US made wrong decision in voting to removing internet protections April 4, 2018 — While the internet has grown in scale, influence and importance in the lives of most everyone on the planet over the past few decades,

Scale economies have always been important but n recent decades scale economies and their impact have been put on the equivalent of sterScale economies have always been important but n recent decades scale economies and their impact have been put on the equivalent of sterscale economies and their impact have been put on the equivalent of steroids.

Just on the time - scale for historical documents — decades is an incredibly short period of time for * secondary * documents.

More than 10,000 California winegrowers and winemakers have taken part in educational workshops on sustainable winegrowing and winemaking since the program's inception a decade ago, a remarkable scale of accomplishment as California is the world's fourth - largest wine producer.

«After two decades of dithering by government officials and four years of herculean drilling, pounding, hauling and lifting by 7,000 workers, a new 3.1 - mile bridge is set to open at the Tappan Zee in the early hours of Saturday, the first crossing on that scale that has been built in the New York region in more than half a century.»

What we're now seeing in certain sectors is that entire classes of jobs become obsolete on short time scales (say a decade), making the retraining needed more like going back to school for several years.

Now that the MoD seems to have lost the battle with the Treasury over who will pay the # 20bn bill for replacing Trident, many in the military are asking serious questions about whether we actually need it or not - given that every pound spent on Trident, will be a pound not spent on the basic equipment that will be needed to fight the sort of smaller - scale global operations senior officers foresee as the likely role of the military in the next few decades.

Although more customers are investing in their own equipment for electric supply, like solar panels or even microgrids — a network of electricity users with a local source of supply and the capability to operate as an island during outages — the report says most U.S. customers will continue to depend on obtaining their power from the large - scale, interconnected electrical grid at least for the next two decades.

Will the tremor be of mild magnitude — say, a magnitude 4 on the Richter scale, the kind that occur all over the world every day — or a 9, which happens no more than once a decade on average?

Large - scale organic farming operations, based on a review of almost a decade of data from 49 states, are not reducing greenhouse gas emissions, says a University of Oregon researcher.

For more than a decade these Earth - observing satellites have provided some of the first environmental measurements on a global scale, including large - scale changes in the mass of polar ice.

«In fact, they are already experiencing sharp declines in population and extinction on a global scale, and they have become the focus of several research and conservation programmes in recent decades,» the scientist explains.

Predictions of weather and climate for months, seasons and decades ahead lie between normal weather forecasts and climate projections for the coming century — concerning both what influences the climate on these time - scales, and the methods required to make such predictions.

One pragmatic response is to postpone decommissioning, perhaps for decades, on the basis that radioactive decay will eventually reduce the scale of the task.

If these rates continue, emissions of methane, a greenhouse gas 25 times more powerful than carbon dioxide on 100 - year time scales, will increase 4 percent over the next decade.

A recent study found that such actions, carried out on a global scale, could provide a cheap and easy way to accomplish a third of the CO2 mitigation needed in the next decade to be on track to meet the Paris goals.

«The challenge for the coming decade is to expand on multi-disciplinary and multi-sector collaboration aimed at large - scale production of high - quality human pluripotent stem cells, and also, robust and reliable production of high - quality differentiated cells,» said Professor Norio Nakatsuji, Founding Director of Kyoto University, iCeMS.

After nearly a decade at URI, Evans became a program manager at the Office of Naval Research, which had supported much of his research on the interaction of small and large - scale ocean phenomena.

Three federal agencies announced the launch Monday of a joint program to predict climate change and its impacts on local scales over a few decades, information that decision makers will need to adapt to the inevitable.

To move from the continent - and century - scale to the Midwest - or Northwest - scale and decade - scale, scientists from computer specialists to geoscientists to biologists will draw on the «petaflop» calculating power of current supercomputers, said Bement.

No matter where hydrinos fit in on the scale of believability, Mills told C&EN a decade ago that BLP had moved past the scientific verification stage and was interested only in discussing commercial applications.

The $ 100 million is only enough for research, not to fund the full mission, which Milner says will be a decades - long, multibillion dollar project on the scale of the world's biggest scientific experiments, like the James Webb Space Telescope or the Large Hadron Collider.

«The idea of using additive manufacturing, or 3 - D printing, to produce metallic glass on scales larger than the critical casting thickness has been around for more than a decade,» Mahbooba says.

Because of its vast scale, events that would take a fraction of a second in an explosion on Earth are played out over decades in space.

«When we came together, there was a consensus that the global PV industry is on a clear trajectory to reach the multi-terawatt scale over the next decade,» said lead author Nancy Haegel, director of NREL's Materials Science Center.

A new analysis of worldwide customs and trade data published in the journal Biological Conservation confirms that shark - fin trade has dropped by approximately 25 percent over the last decade «Although we can't say that we fully understand the scale or the cause of the shark fin trade decline in China, it seems safe to conclude that demand for fins is waning, and that sounds like good news for sharks,» says global shark fin trade expert Shelley Clarke, a co-author on this study.

A number of recent studies indicate that effects of urbanisation and land use change on the land - based temperature record are negligible (0.006 ºC per decade) as far as hemispheric - and continental - scale averages are concerned because the very real but local effects are avoided or accounted for in the data sets used.

On time - scales of a few decades, the current observed rate of warming can be used to constrain the projected response to a given emissions scenario despite uncertainty in climate sensitivity.

X-ray free - electron lasers, first realized a decade ago, produce the brightest X-rays on the planet, and scientists tap into these unique X-rays to explore matter at the atomic scale and observe processes that occur in just quadrillionths of a second.

This implies that large - scale observations — for example, of global mean sea - level change or of the change mass of the Antarctic ice sheet — will not on their own significantly narrow the range of late - century sea - level projections for decades to come.

Although they've made a lot of progress over the last decades, we still do not really know how climate is changing on a local scale.