Sentences with phrase «on seasonal scales»

«These campaigns are going to help us better predict the changes we may see on seasonal scales, and even decadal scales.»

The earth absorbs more sunlight during the southern hemisphere summer when the darker (all that ocean) southern hemisphere is pointed more towards the sun This seasonal cycle may be large enough to overwhwlm the warming from CO2 etc for a year or so, thus on a seasonal scale the rise may not be monotonic.

On a seasonal scale, the solar elevation angle also correlates with the number of daylight hours, which reduces the amount of solar energy received over the course of a day at times of the year when the sun is already lower in the sky.

What is pretty clear, though, is that this year's extreme wetness on the seasonal scale has pushed parts of California's aging water infrastructure to the brink — and had even a single additional warm, wet atmospheric river come ashore during the peak of winter, the overall flood situation might have been considerably more serious.

Not exact matches

«I didn't think I was going to have to do things on this scale,» says Claypool, who oversees a Park District budget of $ 313 million and a staff that - after the latest round of cuts - numbers 3,500 full - time and 3,000 seasonal workers.

Martin King hopes that renewed interest in the seasonal variation of El Niño tele - connections in Europe will contribute to further progress in climate predictions on monthly and seasonal scales.

These ices sublimate and condense on seasonal time scales and flow glacially.

SPARC, together with others in the WCRP community, focuses on understanding atmospheric dynamics and climate variability to provide better climate predictions on scales from seasonal all the way to centennial.

In this study, we undertake another effort towards understanding the role of the Sun in changing or varying the Earth's climate on seasonal to decadal time scale.

A few interesting articles in early life human microbiome, plus: A comparison between Staphylococcus epidermidis commensal and pathogenic lineages from the skin of healthy individuals living in North American and India; A new tool to reconstruct microbial genome - scale metabolic models (GSMMs) from their genome sequence; The seasonal changes in Amazon rainforest soil microbiome are associated with changes in the canopy; A specific class of chemicals secreted by birds modulates their feather microbiome; chronic stress alters gut microbiota and triggers a specific immune response in a mouse model of colitis; and evidence that the short chain fatty acids profile in the gut reflects the impact of dietary fibre on the microbiome using the PolyFermS continuous intestinal fermentation model.

A few climate models have been tested for (and shown) capability in initial value predictions, on time scales from weather forecasting (a few days) to seasonal forecasting (annual).

Researchers who have traditionally focused on seasonal or shorter time scales talk about things like vertical shear, ITCZ latitude and African wave characteristics as centrally important.

A new paper Assessing the Globally Averaged Sea Level Budget on Seasonal and Interannual Time Scales (Willis 2008) displays up - to - date data on ocean heat.

At a larger scale, this method would more accurately assess the seasonal variation in predation rates, individual hunting behavior throughout the year and the actual impact of cat predation on prey populations (Tschanz et al., 2011).

This seasonal effect on hip score appears to have peaks and troughs varying between one and two points on the observed scale.

The scale and timing of the seasonal effect on hip score is consistent with that reported previously in Labrador Retrievers [23].

The second project on view, «Untitled 2017,» is part of a series of large scale and acutely sharp photographs that describe the slightest changes of light, humidity and time as seasonal changes play out across a section of the seemingly plain white exterior wall of the artist's studio.

For the future, data assimilation might help us to keep the state of a climate model closer to the real world's, allowing us to improve predictions on seasonal and decadal time scales.

However, physical drivers such as light supply, nutrient supply, and stratification are known to have an extremely important role on determining phytoplankton chlorophyll — dominating it on seasonal to inter-annual time scales.

Changes in land surface properties as the wet season progresses impact surface fluxes and boundary layer evolution on daily and seasonal time scales that feed back to cloud and rainfall generation.

So at best this is useful for seasonal forecasts, unless someone is forecasting sea ice extent on longer time scales.

The U.S. military seems interested in climate variations / change on timescales from seasonal to scales out to about 30 years, a period over which natural climate variability could very well swamp anthropogenically forced climate change.

PCIC welcomes Dr. Alex Cannon who has joined PCIC as a Research Climatologist to work alongside the consortium's scientific and technical staff in the development of new tools and methodology for predicting climate extremes on seasonal and decadal time scales.

Although the SIO focuses on summer seasonal Outlooks, recent information on decadal scales is relevant to near - term changes.

Ocean pH values routinely fluctuate on a daily and seasonal scale of between about 7.9 and 8.4, sometimes more, representing a several fold change in H + concentration.

summarizes the current literature on the predictability of European winter on seasonal time scales.

From the perspective of business, weather forecasts on the sub-seasonal time scale provides an opportunity because it lies between the well - established application of daily weather forecasts and the increasing use of seasonal forecasts.

For the entire Northern Hemisphere, there is evidence of an increase in both storm frequency and intensity during the cold season since 1950,1 with storm tracks having shifted slightly towards the poles.2, 3 Extremely heavy snowstorms increased in number during the last century in northern and eastern parts of the United States, but have been less frequent since 2000.11,15 Total seasonal snowfall has generally decreased in southern and some western areas, 16 increased in the northern Great Plains and Great Lakes region, 16,17 and not changed in other areas, such as the Sierra Nevada, although snow is melting earlier in the year and more precipitation is falling as rain versus snow.18 Very snowy winters have generally been decreasing in frequency in most regions over the last 10 to 20 years, although the Northeast has been seeing a normal number of such winters.19 Heavier - than - normal snowfalls recently observed in the Midwest and Northeast U.S. in some years, with little snow in other years, are consistent with indications of increased blocking (a large scale pressure pattern with little or no movement) of the wintertime circulation of the Northern Hemisphere.5 However, conclusions about trends in blocking have been found to depend on the method of analysis, 6 so the assessment and attribution of trends in blocking remains an active research area.

The meeting will mainly cover the following themes, but can include other topics related to understanding and modelling the atmosphere: ● Surface drag and momentum transport: orographic drag, convective momentum transport ● Processes relevant for polar prediction: stable boundary layers, mixed - phase clouds ● Shallow and deep convection: stochasticity, scale - awareness, organization, grey zone issues ● Clouds and circulation feedbacks: boundary - layer clouds, CFMIP, cirrus ● Microphysics and aerosol - cloud interactions: microphysical observations, parameterization, process studies on aerosol - cloud interactions ● Radiation: circulation coupling; interaction between radiation and clouds ● Land - atmosphere interactions: Role of land processes (snow, soil moisture, soil temperature, and vegetation) in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction ● Physics - dynamics coupling: numerical methods, scale - separation and grey - zone, thermodynamic consistency ● Next generation model development: the challenge of exascale, dynamical core developments, regional refinement, super-parametrization ● High Impact and Extreme Weather: role of convective scale models; ensembles; relevant challenges for model development

«Naturally occurring climate variability due to phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña impact on temperatures and precipitation on a seasonal to annual scale.

«there is still a long way to go before reliable regional predictions can be made on seasonal to decadal time scales.»

Other seasonal forecasts neglect the snow - polar vortex relationship and tend to focus solely on ENSO to predict large scale temperature patterns.

Within the confines of our work with RASM and CESM, we will: (i) quantify the added value of using regional models for downscaling arctic simulations from global models, (ii) address the impacts of high resolution, improved process representations and coupling between model components on predictions at seasonal to decadal time scales, (iii) identify the most important processes essential for inclusion in future high resolution GC / ESMs, e.g. ACME, using CESM as a test bed, and (iv) better quantify the relationship between skill and uncertainty in the Arctic Region for high fidelity models.

• Seasonal forecasting for water allocation and irrigated agriculture (IMPREX project) Johannes Hunink, Futurewater — presentation pdf • PEARL Project — preparing for extremes and rare event in coastal regions — Uwe Mikolajewicz, MPI - MET — presentation pdf • Commercial climate services — lessons learned from the Klimaspring campaign — Mikkel A. Thomassen, Smith Innovation — presentation pdf • Climate change impact on water resources — Experiences with different climates / scales / tools — Philipp Stanzel, Poyry Energy — presentation pdf • Climate change effect study for the Frisian Belt canal water system - Peter Schaper, Wetterskipfryslan — presentation pdf

Although warmer temperatures have been correlated with higher rates of CH4 production across a range of ecosystems (Yvon - Durocher et al. 2014), annual - scale reservoir GHG data are currently too limited to make inferences on how seasonal biases may either under or overestimate annual - scale fluxes.

Led by Dr. James E. Hansen from 1981 to 2013, research at GISS emphasized a broad study of global change, which is an interdisciplinary initiative addressing natural and man - made changes in our environment that occur on various time scales — from one - time forcings such as volcanic explosions, to seasonal / annual effects such as El Niño, and on up to the millennia of ice ages — and that affect the habitability of our planet.

The mitigation focus is on global climate and the century time scale, whereas the adaptation focus is regional and on timescales from the seasonal to decadal.

To describe and understand the physical processes responsible for climate variability and predictability on seasonal, interannual, decadal, and centennial time - scales, through the collection and analysis of observations and the development and application of models of the coupled climate system, in cooperation with other relevant climate - research and observing programmes.

I ask for a definition in part because you (Judith) seem to have defined «climate services» as occurring on the «seasonal to decadal time scale»... and things on that time scale in the past have always been called «weather».

Values are also averaged over successive four - month periods, to enable variations on upwards of the seasonal time scale to be seen more clearly than if monthly values had been plotted.

On seasonal time scales, where evaporation can exceed precipitation, trends in wet season becoming wetter and dry season becoming drier are also found.

The Polar Prediction Project (PPP) is a 10 - year (2013 — 2022) endeavour of the World Meteorological Organization's (WMO) World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) with the aim of promoting cooperative international research enabling development of improved weather and environmental prediction services for the polar regions, on time scales from hours to seasonal.

I will also add this that looks at seasonal temperatures on a more fine - grained decadal scale than the one you linked.

While the jury is still out on whether climate change is making conditions perfect for large - scale bushfires, scientists agree that bushfire seasons — a regular occurrence on the Australian seasonal calendar — are getting longer and the fires more intense.

Questions that remain unanswered and are of interest to biometeorologists include: how do these contrasting landscapes affect the exchanges of energy on seasonal and annual time scales; and, do biophysical constraints imposed by water supply and water demand affect whether the land is occupied by open grasslands or savanna?

The primary objective of this work was to expand upon the capabilities of past GFDL models used to study climate on seasonal to centennial time scales by the addition of a comprehensive and interactive carbon cycle in the land, ocean and atmosphere to «close the carbon cycle» in the same way we do for water and energy in a traditional climate model.

The scatter diagrams described and presented on these pages depict projected changes in seasonal surface air temperature and precipitation for three 30 - year periods (2010 - 2039, 2040 - 2069 and 2070 - 2099) relative to the baseline period 1961 - 1990 in 32 sub-continental scale regions (see below).

The Seasonal and Climate Applications group of the Finnish Meteorological Institute is composed of internationally known experts who do research on the post-processing possibilities and usage of different scale weather and climate predictions models.

These fluctuations are a useful reminder that «global warming» as yet remains smaller than natural temperature fluctuations on regional and seasonal time scales.»

A recent study by C10 analysed a number of different climate variables in a set of SMEs of HadCM3 (Gordon et al. 2000, atmosphere — ocean coupled version of HadSM3) from the point of view of global - scale model errors and climate change forcings and feedbacks, and compared them with variables derived from the CMIP3 MME. Knutti et al. (2006) examined another SME based on the HadSM3 model, and found a strong relationship between the magnitude of the seasonal cycle and climate sensitivity, which was not reproduced in the CMIP3 ensemble.