It was based
on small numbers of patients — including just seven treated with PSR.
Not exact matches
The disease is generally pretty mild —
on par with flu — but health workers have recently found that a
small number of patients seem to go
on to develop an autoimmune disorder that can cause nerve damage and paralysis called Guillain — Barré syndrome.
The
small number of patients and the lack
of controls means that the study is not definitive, but it casts significant doubt
on the effectiveness
of the hormone in children who make normal levels
of growth hormone, he says.
Researchers have found that just five strains are overwhelmingly the culprits in more than 3000 samples
of resistant S. aureus collected from
patients around the world; the
small number suggests that relatively few strains can easily develop resistance to antibiotics, allowing scientists to focus
on these few and determine what makes them so virulent.
«We look for activity
of our molecules in phase 2, and
on numerous occasions we generate statistically significant data with relatively
small numbers of patients, which gives us reasonable confidence that the program will be successful in phase 3 with a larger group
of patients.
By combining two or more
of these outcomes to create a single category, you can say it helped «A and B» even if it only helped A and not B. For example, although there was no statistically significant effect from tPA in the NINDS trial
on the
number of patients who died, there was a
small decrease in disability for those who survived.
This method will be useful when the death risk
of a novel infectious disease has to be quantified using data from
small numbers of patients during the course
of an outbreak, providing information
on which age groups to minimize exposure in hospitals, nursing homes and daycare facilities.
There are a
small number of unscrupulous actors who have seized
on the clinical promise
of regenerative medicine, while exploiting the uncertainty, in order to make deceptive, and sometimes corrupt, assurances to
patients based
on unproven and, in some cases, dangerously dubious products.
For example, pneumonitis, which a
small number of patients on checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy may experience, can cause some
of the same symptoms as a bacterial respiratory infection, but should be treated with steroids instead
of antibiotics.
However, subsequent studies carried out
on small numbers (20 — 30)
of CFS
patients, failed to confirm evidence for HTLV (type 1 or 11)[22]--[25] or other retroviruses, including the closely - related simian T lymphotropic virus type l, the prototype foamy virus, simian retrovirus, bovine and feline leukaemia viruses [26] and HIV - 1 [23].
The biggest reality check
of all, however, is that the
number of cancers immunotherapy has been proven effective for is still relatively
small (though growing)-- and it doesn't work
on every
patient.
Furthermore, there is also little question that the vast majority
of conversations, seminars and published papers
on the subject have addressed gut microflora purely in terms
of its role in GI health, particularly in reference to the ever increasing
number of patients who present with issues such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),
small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and inflammatory bowel disease.
This is most critical if they see only a few, as it is difficult for a veterinarian to stay current
on exotic animal medicine if they only treat a
small number of these
patients.
Drugs are tested by the people who manufacture them, in poorly designed trials,
on hopelessly
small numbers of weird, unrepresentative
patients, and analysed using techniques which are flawed by design, in such a way that they exaggerate the benefits
of treatments.