He's transformed the way educators are evaluated, putting much more emphasis
on student test scores as a measure of effective teaching.
Back on June 3, 2011, she wrote a letter to President Obama, detailing her concerns about the emphasis
on student test scores as a prominent part of educator evaluation.
To help teachers successfully fulfill their role in this endeavor, effective teacher supervision and evaluation systems that inform teacher professional development and improve instruction are essential; however, disagreement over what those systems should measure remains, and some researchers caution against relying
on student test scores as a valid metric (Baker et al, 2010)
The changes placed greater emphasis
on student test scores as a component of evaluations and established financial penalties for any school districts that did not comply.
Not exact matches
Jackson had access to each
student's
scores on the statewide standardized
test, and he used that
as a rough measure of their cognitive ability.
Finally, in Houston in 2010 — 11, he gave cash incentives to fifth - grade
students in 25 low - performing public schools,
as well
as to the parents and teachers of those
students, with the intent of increasing the time they spent
on math homework and improving their
scores on standardized math
tests.
In contrast, parents who value a performance orientation, focus
on their
student's achievement
as mainly measured by grades and
test scores — the need to
score better than others in order to succeed.
Cuomo has sought a two - year moratorium
on using
test scores in
students» grades, but wanted to use the
testing as part of the job evaluations of teachers and principals.
But her stance
on Common Core could factor into Rosa's relationship with state Education Commissioner MaryEllen Elia, who has supported the move toward higher standards,
as well
as the use of
student test scores in teacher evaluations.
The evaluation system pushed by Cuomo
as part of this 2010 re-election campaign devotes half of a teacher's evaluation
on their
students» performance
on standardized
test scores that teacher unions argue is a poor measure of a teacher's ability.
The law, which bases
as much
as 50 percent of teachers» job ratings
on student test scores, was strengthened during a time when more rigorous standardized exams, based
on the national Common Core academic standards, were being introduced into classrooms.
As predicted by state education officials,
scores on the first English and math
tests given statewide to elementary school
students under tougher new learning standards are not very good.
But she said it sounds like the plan is being sold
as a «matrix» when it's actually not much different than the current system, which is based
on student test scores and observations.
Opt - out activists have said the number will continue to grow, citing reasons such
as the perceived «over-testing» of
students using exams that are not age and grade appropriate,
as well
as the use of
test scores on teacher evaluations.
The «growth
score» is a state - produced calculation quantifying
students» year - to - year improvement
on standardized
tests while controlling factors such
as poverty.
As part of the 2015 state budget lawmakers voted to create the new teacher evaluation system that places a greater emphasis
on student test scores when evaluating the job performance of teachers and principals.
It gave former Mayor Bloomberg outsize power over the system, and helped make sure that teachers, parents and advocates had to fight at meetings,
on the streets and in the courts to block his efforts to close schools and establish standardized
test scores as the only measure of
students and teachers.
The
scores of New York City
students increased slightly in both math and English language arts
on the latest state
tests, released
on Aug. 14,
as students became more familiar with the Common Core Learning Standards and their teachers worked hard with what materials and training they eventually got.
The research also finds that black
students are 54 percent less likely than white
students to be identified
as eligible for gifted - education services after adjusting for the
students» previous
scores on standardized
tests, demographic factors, and school and teacher characteristics.
On the respective scales utilized to
test anxiety and depression, 41 percent of graduate
students scored as having moderate to severe anxiety while 39 percent
scored in the moderate to severe depression range.
«
Students»
scores on a
test of civic knowledge significantly improved after playing iCivics for the sample
as a whole,» LeCompte said.
In one study of 1,651 high school
students from three states, reading ability was just
as important to
students» science - class grades and
scores on state - level science
tests as the amount of science knowledge they had.
Students who didn't
score well
on the image
test tended to receive lower math
scores, even after factors, such
as IQ levels, were taken into account.
Using
student - level data from two states, Harvard Professor Martin West and I found that 40 to 60 percent of schools serving mostly low - income or underrepresented minority
students would fall into the bottom 15 percent of schools statewide based
on their average
test scores, but only 15 to 25 percent of these same schools would be classified
as low performing based
on their
test -
score growth.
A second study, recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) by Gary Chamberlain, using the same data
as Chetty and his colleagues, provides fodder both for skeptics and supporters of the use of value - added: while confirming Chetty's finding that the teachers who have impacts
on contemporaneous measures of
student learning also have impacts
on earnings and college going, Chamberlain also found that
test -
scores are a very imperfect proxy for those impacts.
And the evidence
on the importance of teacher academic proficiency generally suggests that effectiveness in raising
student test scores is associated with strong cognitive skills
as measured by SAT or licensure
test scores, or the competitiveness of the college from which teachers graduate.
As the state notes of its system, «A central tenet of AchieveNJ is that educators are never evaluated
on a single factor or
test score alone, but
on multiple measures of both effective practice and
student learning.»
But,
as numerous studies have shown, having a master's degree is generally not correlated with measures of teacher effectiveness, based
on student test scores.
The contractor then extracts information
on each
student's demographic characteristics, enrollment,
test scores, and certification for and participation in various programs such
as free and reduced - price lunch, special education, and English - language services.
Though we do not have data
on every aspect of teachers» working conditions, we do know certain characteristics of their
students that many believe affect the teaching conditions at a school: the percentage of low - income
students at the school (
as estimated by the percentage eligible for a subsidized lunch), the shares of
students who are African - American or Hispanic, average
student test scores, and class sizes.
Tenth - grade earth science
students who engaged in PBL earned higher
scores on an achievement
test as compared to
students who received traditional instruction (Chang, 2001).
A comparison to three classes with
students from the same schools showed that
students participating in the gardening project had higher science
test scores,
as measured by pretest and posttest
scores on a science
test developed for the program.
The exciting aspect of this is that it has the potential to increase the reading levels of our neediest
students, and could have an impact
on our
test scores as well,» he told Education World.
After extensive research
on teacher evaluation procedures, the Measures of Effective Teaching Project mentions three different measures to provide teachers with feedback for growth: (1) classroom observations by peer - colleagues using validated scales such
as the Framework for Teaching or the Classroom Assessment
Scoring System, further described in Gathering Feedback for Teaching (PDF) and Learning About Teaching (PDF), (2)
student evaluations using the Tripod survey developed by Ron Ferguson from Harvard, which measures
students» perceptions of teachers» ability to care, control, clarify, challenge, captivate, confer, and consolidate, and (3) growth in
student learning based
on standardized
test scores over multiple years.
Still, it may be that
test -
score results will never convince parents that their kids need to step it up, at least until schools stop handing out
As and Bs to
students who aren't
on track for success.
Many of the schools chosen by the
students were «better»
on traditional indicators, such
as student test scores and teacher characteristics.
As test - preparation materials leap off the printed page and onto the Web, an increasing number of states and districts are turning to online
test - prep programs to help raise
student scores on high - stakes assessments, Advanced Placement
tests, and college - entrance exams.
The original act held schools accountable to minimum percentages of proficient
students,
as measured by
scores on standardized
tests, with the threat of sanctions, including school closure, if they failed.
The NEPC report paints a dismal picture of
student learning at K12 - operated schools, but the fatal flaw of the report is that the measures of «performance» it employs are based primarily
on outcomes such
as test scores that may reveal more about
student background than about the quality of the school, and
on inappropriate comparisons between virtual schools and all schools in the same state.
At a time when the national conversation is focused
on lagging upward mobility, it is no surprise that many educators point to poverty
as the explanation for mediocre
test scores among U.S.
students compared to those of
students in other countries.
We analyzed the
test -
score improvements made between each
student's first 3rd - grade year and the following year
on both the state's own accountability exam and the Stanford - 9, a nationally normed exam administered at the same time
as the FCAT but not used for accountability purposes.
As noted above, one of the benefits of the analysis presented here is that it relies on student performance on NAEP, which should be relatively immune from such test - score «inflation» since it is not used as a high - stakes test under NCLB or any other accountability syste
As noted above, one of the benefits of the analysis presented here is that it relies
on student performance
on NAEP, which should be relatively immune from such
test -
score «inflation» since it is not used
as a high - stakes test under NCLB or any other accountability syste
as a high - stakes
test under NCLB or any other accountability system.
This effect is similar in size to those found in evaluations of primary - school inputs» impacts
on postsecondary outcomes, such
as being assigned to a teacher who is particularly effective in raising
student test scores.
We found no evidence, however, that the teachers to whom
students in the G&T program were assigned were any more effective,
as measured by their impact
on student test scores.
In response to the criticism that teacher impacts
on student test scores are inconsistent over time, the authors show that «although VA measures fluctuate across years, they are sufficiently stable» that selecting teachers even based
on a few years of data would have substantial impacts
on student outcomes, such
as earnings.
Restricting the study to those
students for whom baseline
test scores are available affords a check
on whether the lottery worked
as intended and whether any problems arose downstream.
«I also have the option of giving bonus money to
students who do something exceptional, such
as getting a perfect
score on a spelling
test,» Finn explained.
These annual volumes make assertions about empirical facts («
students»
scores on the state
tests used for NCLB are rising»; or «lack of capacity is a serious problem that could undermine the success of NCLB») and provide policy recommendations («some requirements of NCLB are overly stringent, unworkable, or unrealistic»; «the need for funding will grow, not shrink,
as more schools are affected by the law's accountability requirements»).
As critics contend, the state's aggregate test - score improvements on the 4th - grade FCAT reading exam — and likely on the NAEP exam as well — are inflated by the change in the number of students who were retained in 3rd grade in accordance with the state's new test - based promotion polic
As critics contend, the state's aggregate
test -
score improvements
on the 4th - grade FCAT reading exam — and likely
on the NAEP exam
as well — are inflated by the change in the number of students who were retained in 3rd grade in accordance with the state's new test - based promotion polic
as well — are inflated by the change in the number of
students who were retained in 3rd grade in accordance with the state's new
test - based promotion policy.
Fewer absences therefore may also explain why later - starting
students have higher
test scores:
students who have an early start time miss more school and could perform worse
on standardized
tests as a result.