Sentences with phrase «on synaptic»

Symposia were published, on the glutamate synapse (Neuroscience 2009c), and on synaptic plasticity and memory (Neuroscience 2009d).

Since 2011, as an associate professor at Stanford University, I have led a team focused on synaptic changes occurring during normal and pathological behaviors (sleep, fragile X syndrome, ASD) as well as eye / brain neuronal regeneration.

We have previously shown ex-vivo its beneficial effect on synaptic transmission and plasticity in a mouse model of the OPHN1 loss of function.Here, we report that chronic treatment in adult mouse with Fasudil, is able to counteract vertical and horizontal hyperactivities, restores recognition memory and limits the brain ventricular dilatation observed in Ophn1 - / y However, deficits in working and spatial memories are partially or not rescued by the treatment.

These results contrast with traditional knockout mice, where compensatory mechanisms mean that knockout of either PDS95 or PDS93 have no effect on synaptic transmission (Elias 2006).

Our purpose is to better understand synapthopathies in general with a special focus on synaptic dysfunction induced by autoantibodies.

He is one of the world's leading researchers on synaptic plasticity in the brain and has pioneered new optical methods of observing the structural changes in the living brain as it adapts to its environment.

Her research seeks to clarify the protein machinery involved in memory formation and consolidation under normal and pathological conditions, focusing on synaptic transmission and brain plasticity.

Neuroscientists typically induce electrical pulses in the neurons artificially in order to perform research on synaptic mechanisms.

Neurons rely on synaptic interactions and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, which are small molecules transmitted across synapses to deliver signals from one cell to another that play a major role in reward - motivated behaviour.

«Our second surprising discovery is that this transport process is dependent on synaptic activity,» says Kiebler: The intron - containing mRNA is transported from one synapse to the next — but will only be released for translation in the vicinity of synapses that are momentarily active.

Without seeing the brain's wiring on a synaptic level, some neuroscientists believe we'll never truly understand how it works.

A second problem is that volatile anesthetics tend to partition into lipids and exert their primary effects on synaptic neurotransmission by interacting with proteins in a lipid environment.

Dr Victor Anggono, whose laboratory at QBI focusses on synaptic mechanisms, was a partner in the study.

«We looked at the effects of propofol — one of the most common general anaesthetic drugs used during surgery — on synaptic release,» the UQ Queensland Brain Institute scientist said.

Not exact matches

Levy currently serves on the Board of Directors of Synaptic Digital, KickApps, CokeM International Ltd., Spanfeller Media Group, HelpSettle, Ziplist and as Chairman of Buffalo based Synacor.

Slow - acting neurotransmitters control the efficacy of fast synaptic transmission by regulating the efficiency of neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals and by regulating the efficiency with which fast - acting neurotransmitters produce their effects on postsynaptic receptors.

Although the drug has serious side effects, Yan hopes that she can develop a similar but safer compound that prevents synaptic problems early on.

Molecular studies of gene expression during long - lasting synaptic plasticity related to memory storage initially focused on the identification of positive regulators.

The same information can be represented as lines on paper, as electrical charges inside a PC's memory banks or as the strength of the synaptic connections among nerve cells.

Clint Perry, senior author on the paper, said: «These correlations suggest that bees with more synaptic complexes in the visual association areas of their brain were predisposed to better memory and faster learning.

Dr. Stuart Hameroff, lead author on the new TUS study, said: «This suggests TUS may stimulate natural megahertz resonances in brain microtubules, enhancing not only mood and conscious mental states, but perhaps also microtubule functions in synaptic plasticity, nerve growth and repair.

A study based on the research, «Habituation based synaptic plasticity and organismic learning in a quantum perovskite,» appeared in the August 14 online issue of Nature Communications.

«The new growth rule provides structural plasticity with a principle that is almost as simple as that of synaptic plasticity,» says co-author Arjen van Ooyen, who has been working on models for the development of neural networks for decades.

«This is the first time we have synaptic density measurement in live human beings,» said Carson, who is senior author on the study.

Mice in booze camp In the new study, performed on adolescent male mice, ethanol alcohol exposure seemed to enhance synaptic plasticity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a part of the brain that plays a critical role in the reward pathway.

On the contrary, we found that strong inhibition of BACE1 in mice causes structural and functional synaptic alterations with deterioration of cognitive performance.»

He and his team have now gathered that data by exploring the impact of long - term BACE1 inhibition on dendritic spine dynamics, synaptic functions, and cognitive performance in adult mice.

«Based on these findings, it was particularly interesting to find out if and to what extent the mGlu5 receptor affects synaptic plasticity and, consequently, memory formation in the CA3 region,» explains Hagena.

In this role, she focuses on the development of biologically relevant high throughput biochemical and phenotypic assays to enable high throughput screening (HTS) for a variety of drug targets for psychiatric disorders, and is currently interested in developing a high throughput calcium dynamics assay to monitor synaptic networks.

The number of neurons in each human brain is on the order of billions, and the synaptic contacts that the neurons make among themselves number in the trillions.

Nguyen plans on applying IM - LARIAT technology to a living brain, where she would be able to control synaptic vesicle transmission and communication between neurons.

When the synapse growth is based on the correlated development of all synaptic components, it can remain stable for long periods of time.

This news is highly significant because the focus is increasingly on repairing synaptic connections as a therapeutic strategy in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.

«My lab works on the neural bases of learning and memory,» says Pozzo - Miller, «so we decided to test if LM22A - 4 was able to improve spatial discrimination deficits by enhancing synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, the brain region responsible for spatial learning and memory.»

«This work shows that dendritic spines, which are sub-micrometer compartments within individual neurons, are the prime candidates for the initial tag of transient, millisecond synaptic activity that eventually orchestrates memory traces in the brain lasting tens of years,» said Shahid Khan, senior scientist at the Molecular Biology Consortium at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a co-author on the PNAS paper.

The researchers developed a synaptic device that can reconfigure itself based on voltages applied at the input terminal of the device.

Hence, understanding how synaptic pruning occurs may shed light on neurodevelopmental disorders and on neurodegenerative diseases in which a synaptic pruning gone awry may contribute to pathological synapse loss.»

mystery, as they make it possible to examine all the synaptic pathways that contribute to memory, rather than focusing on whether it is the synapsis or the neuron that activates the other.

What develops the brain is stimulation — the process of synaptic architecture depends on stimuli — it strengthens the connections needed and prunes those not needed.

Indeed, when the researchers knocked out the gene for one synaptic protein, called SAPAP3, in mice they noticed something odd: After a few months, the animals developed lesions on their heads and necks.

Their results show that the declines in synaptic biomarkers had little impact on the participants» cognitive skills.

This synaptic action results in a prolonged inhibitory synaptic potential which is dependent on metabolism and is selectively blocked by cooling and ouabain.

«Our research shows that combination treatment with the two compounds can promote resilience against stress - mediated depression - like phenotypes by modulating systemic inflammatory responses and brain synaptic plasticity in a mouse model of depression,» says Jun Wang, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Neurology and first author on the paper.

Unexpectedly, these behavioral changes were accompanied by an increase in inhibitory synaptic transmission with no apparent effect on excitatory synapses.

Building on their previous work that identified and activated memory cells, a group led by RIKEN Brain Science Institute and RIKEN - MIT Center Director Susumu Tonegawa has now shown that spines — small knobs on brain - cell dendrites through which synaptic connections are formed — are essential for memory retrieval in these AD mice.

Once the elongating fibers have established the appropriate synaptic contacts with the target cells, the continued survival of the innervating cells in the ganglion appears to depend on the availability of NGF.

Along the long axis of PFs, the CB1 was localized at a much higher density on the perisynaptic membrane than on the extrasynaptic and synaptic regions.

«Microbial reconstitution reverses maternal diet - induced social and synaptic deficits in offspring» by Buffington et al. published in Cell on Thursday 16th June.

During his PhD work at the Lyon Neuroscience Center (France), he worked on the regulation of postnatal synaptogenesis and synaptic remodeling associated with learning and memory.

Professor Martin's research focuses on the cell biology of transcription - dependent forms of synaptic plasticity, particularly those underlying learning and memory.