Sentences with phrase «on the aggregate effect»

The final full document «Synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the intended nationally determined contributions» can be accessed here.

Synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the intended nationally determined contributions.

The UNFCCC in its «Synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the intended nationally determined contributions» describes the central results as emission reductions achieved in 2025 and 2030, not further.

Not exact matches

But the effect of the higher prices, assuming they are typically paid to suppliers elsewhere in the world, also acts somewhat like a tax on spending, hence aggregate demand falls.

At an aggregate level, it is difficult to discern the effect of movements in oil prices on the underlying price level, although some effect on the energy - intensive components of the CPI, such as transportation and travel, can be found.

Nevertheless, prescription drugs CPI is only 1.37 % of the aggregate index (according to a BLS official at the time of writing), thus the overall effect on medical care inflation and headline aggregate index should be limited.

Studies of international trade undertaken by the Reserve Bank and Productivity Commission have found little effect of import substitution on aggregate employment in Australia.

That punishment is not set to take effect until next season at the earliest, with PSG having been knocked out of the Champions League by Madrid 5 - 2 on aggregate.

Although Real Madrid would eventually win the cup at a canter (5 - 1 on aggregate) Ronaldo now finds himself in the midst of a five - match ban, which could have a devastating effect on Real Madrid in terms of their title ambitions, given how much points were at a premium in the title race of 2016/17.

A parent whom the GNA contacted, but spoke on condition of anonymity, narrated how her daughter who had aggregate seven (7) was posted to the school and subsequently received a text message to that effect indicating the account she was to pay the school fees into.

Good - government advocates fear this morning Supreme Court ruling could have wide - reaching effects for New York's own aggregate limits on campaign contributions in a given election cycle.

They will, in aggregate, have a significant effect on how we conduct our daily lives.

The researchers considered two possible explanations: Disease suppression might be the result of one or two additional substitutions on the same gene that buffer the harmful effect of the mutation; or suppression may be caused by numerous small substitutions throughout the genome that form an aggregate «shield.»

To capture only the effects of agricultural productivity on conflict rather than the opposite, the analysis incorporates the role of droughts using the Standardized Precipitation Index, which aggregates monthly precipitation by cell year.

Aggregate effects on IGF and its BPs were estimated by multivariate regression on macronutrient sources from dietary questionares and blood samples in 4700 + subjects, but the effect sizes were small and the only protein source where a statistically significant effect was seen was with dairy protein and dietary calcium (ie associated with dairy in general population cohorts).

Included in the PowerPoint: Macroeconomic Objectives (AS Level) a) Aggregate Demand (AD) and Aggregate Supply (AS) analysis - the shape and determinants of AD and AS curves; AD = C+I+G + (X-M)- the distinction between a movement along and a shift in AD and AS - the interaction of AD and AS and the determination of the level of output, prices and employment b) Inflation - the definition of inflation; degrees of inflation and the measurement of inflation; deflation and disinflation - the distinction between money values and real data - the cause of inflation (cost - push and demand - pull inflation)- the consequences of inflation c) Balance of payments - the components of the balance of payments accounts (using the IMF / OECD definition): current account; capital and financial account; balancing item - meaning of balance of payments equilibrium and disequilibrium - causes of balance of payments disequilibrium in each component of the accounts - consequences of balance of payments disequilibrium on domestic and external economy d) Exchange rates - definitions and measurement of exchange rates - nominal, real, trade - weighted exchange rates - the determination of exchange rates - floating, fixed, managed float - the factors underlying changes in exchange rates - the effects of changing exchange rates on the domestic and external economy using AD, Marshall - Lerner and J curve analysis - depreciation / appreciation - devaluation / revaluation e) The Terms of Trade - the measurement of the terms of trade - causes of the changes in the terms of trade - the impact of changes in the terms of trade f) Principles of Absolute and comparative advantage - the distinction between absolute and comparative advantage - free trade area, customs union, monetary union, full economic union - trade creation and trade diversion - the benefits of free trade, including the trading possibility curve g) Protectionism - the meaning of protectionism in the context of international trade - different methods of protection and their impact, for example, tariffs, import duties and quotas, export subsidies, embargoes, voluntary export restraints (VERs) and excessive administrative burdens («red tape»)- the arguments in favor of protectionism This PowerPoint is best used when using worksheets and activities to help reinforce the ideas talked about.

The cross-country comparative approach provides a number of unique advantages over national studies: It can exploit institutional variation that does not exist within countries; draw on much larger variation than usually available within any country; reveal whether any result is country - specific or more general; test whether effects are systematically heterogeneous in different settings; circumvent selection issues that plague within - country identification by using system - level aggregated measures; and uncover general - equilibrium effects that often elude studies in a single country.

The only studies that consistently find positive effects of resources are those that rely on student performance and school data averaged across all students and schools in a state.These aggregate studies, of which the RAND study is one, rely on limited data and are prone to serious statistical shortcomings, so they have been heavily discounted in the past.

Standard regression equations were used to estimate the «effects» of LSE, LCE, and an aggregate measure of efficacy on leader behavior as well as school and classroom conditions.

And in the aggregate, the writer corps could desperately use the healing effect of coming together simply as authors without mounting barricades on behalf of any label in particular.

Index investors, in aggregate, are likely to realize higher returns because of lower costs and the effect of reversion to the mean on active strategies.

The NRECA and APPA parties also ask that rules regarding energy storage located on the distribution network or behind a retail meter should not go into effect until after the pending rule (RM18 -9-000) on aggregate DERs is finalized.

From the article: «The tax, which rose from 10 Canadian dollars per ton of carbon dioxide in 2008 to 30 dollars by 2012, the equivalent of about $ 22.20 in current United States dollars, reduced emissions by 5 to 15 percent with «negligible effects on aggregate economic performance,» according to a study last year by economists at Duke University and the University of Ottawa.»

Current climate change is largely an aggregate effect; it depends mostly on the time integral of radiation imbalance, due to the large thermal inertia of the system.

Indian Himalayan basins are earmarked for widespread dam building, but aggregate effects of these dams on terrestrial ecosystems are unknown.

Weather extremes have no effect on aggregate public opinion.

Augment the Renewable Energy Guidelines by, for instance, requiring wind energy developers to comply with more rigorous criteria including scientific research on setback allowances, noise, wind velocity, human health issues, property values, agricultural animal productivity and welfare, air traffic flight paths (commercial passenger and cargo plus light aircraft including air ambulance), environmental and ecological impact, health and safety issues for domestic animals, longterm adverse effect of cement pedestals on ground water, depletion of finite local aggregate supply and induced seismic activity on faults.

The absence of any definition of «radiative forcing» in the 2007 Summary led many to believe that the aggregate (as opposed to anthropogenic) effect of CO2 on TS had increased by 20 % in 10 years.

Are you saying that the aggregate and cumulative external effects of human activities on climate change are negligible for the relevant time horizon (ie until life on earth stops for reasons not under the control of humans) or are you saying you disagree with all or some of the quantifications methods available at present?

One can immediately see that for sectors such as agriculture which have shrunk in importance in the economy this new metric minimizes the effect of climate on aggregated losses.

-- is not an economic activity, and only had an «attenuated» [loosely connected] effect on interstate commerce when taken in aggregate because individual crimes are local matters for local government to handle (no interstate aspect).

247/94, requires Ontario to implement a salary indexing adjustment for the salary year 2008 to 2009 based on the Statistics Canada Industrial Aggregate Index for Ontario («IAI») which came into effect in March, 2009.

Using publicly available community - level AEDI data, 62, 63 we ran a two - level multilevel logistic regression model for one aggregate developmental outcome measure (ie, risk of developmental vulnerability; figure 3A) and an example simulation (figure 3B) using a total sample of 181 500, with the proportion of Aboriginal children in each LGA derived from ABS estimates.64, 65 Binomial outcome data were simulated assuming a baseline risk of being vulnerable of 21 % and a community - level random effect based on the actual variation in the published data (figure 3A).

We conducted a quantitative meta - analysis of studies published between 1998 and 2008 on academic achievement, behavioral functioning, and EF with the aim of providing aggregated measures of effect size for these outcome domains.

In Study 2, emotion knowledge mediated the effects of EBP on emotion regulation, and emotion competence (an aggregate of emotion knowledge and emotion regulation) mediated the effects of EBP on social competence.