Rind, D., J. Lerner, J. Jonas, and C. McLinden, 2007: The effects of resolution and model physics
on tracer transports in the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies general circulation models.
Hall, T.M., and T.W.N. Haine, 2002:
On ocean
transport diagnostics: The idealized age
tracer and the age spectrum.
Features of the model described here include the following: (1) tripolar grid to resolve the Arctic Ocean without polar filtering, (2) partial bottom step representation of topography to better represent topographically influenced advective and wave processes, (3) more accurate equation of state, (4) three - dimensional flux limited
tracer advection to reduce overshoots and undershoots, (5) incorporation of regional climatological variability in shortwave penetration, (6) neutral physics parameterization for representation of the pathways of
tracer transport, (7) staggered time stepping for
tracer conservation and numerical efficiency, (8) anisotropic horizontal viscosities for representation of equatorial currents, (9) parameterization of exchange with marginal seas, (10) incorporation of a free surface that accommodates a dynamic ice model and wave propagation, (11)
transport of water across the ocean free surface to eliminate unphysical «virtual
tracer flux» methods, (12) parameterization of tidal mixing
on continental shelves.