Sentences with phrase «on warming estimates»

Not exact matches

Hyrdro Flask states that their containers can keep warm beverages warm for 6 hours; that's a conservative estimate based on my test, but theirs was probably more stringent.

To be safe, estimate on using twice as much charcoal as you would during the warmer months.

(such version is able to claim being scientific, even while contradicting rather moderate warming estimates based on IPCC consensus)

Schmidt's rough estimate, which he posted on Twitter, is based on the extraordinary and unprecedented warming over the past 12 months, during which time global surface temperatures have shot past the 1 °C above pre-industrial level.

In 2013, Hawkins and Jones compared Callendar's pencil - and - paper estimates of warming, based on 147 stations, with modern estimates based on several thousand stations.

Now a new analysis is estimating the pace of species movement because of both climate change and land use, revealing new pressures that stem from local decisions to build, plant and cut on the warming landscape.

The researchers found that on windy nights it wasn't possible to measure the cooling effects of the green spaces beyond their boundaries as there was too much turbulent mixing of the air; but on calm warm nights they estimate that a network of green spaces of around 3 - 5 hectares each situated 100 - 150 m apart would provide comprehensive cooling for a city with a climate and characteristics similar to London.

By measuring the remaining difference — the 20,000 - year old ice deep in the West Antarctic ice sheet is about 1 degree Celsius cooler than the surface — the scientists were able to estimate the original temperature based on how fast pure ice warms up.

By reconstructing past global warming and the carbon cycle on Earth 56 million years ago, researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute among others have used computer modelling to estimate the potential perspective for future global warming, which could be even warmer than previously thought.

Until now, most estimates of how many species are threatened by climate change have been based on theoretical studies that look at the climatic and environmental conditions that species need to survive, and overlay this with estimates of how much suitable habitat will remain as the world warms.

The material on Amazon forest dieback was in the IPCC assessment as were the numbers on recent sea level (thought the IPCC did not use the information on recent contributions from land ice in their estimate for 21st century warming.)

On the contrary, preliminary modelling by Mark Flanner of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, suggests that waste heat would cause large industrialised regions to warm by between 0.4 °C and 0.9 °C by 2100, in agreement with Chaisson's estimates (Geophysical Research Letters, vol 36, p L02801).

«The sub-surface warming revealed in this research is on average twice as large as previously estimated with almost all of coastal Antarctica affected.

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has estimated that the average global warming in this century will rise by 4 °C in a business - as - usual scenario.

The United Nations Environment Program estimates that cutting back on methane and soot emissions alone could prevent 0.7 degree Celsius of additional warming by 2040 — and those cooling benefits could come faster than comparable cuts in CO2.

7It is particularly ironic that Lomborg would offer such a ridiculously precise estimate of the cost of the impacts of climate change from carbon dioxide emissions, inasmuch as the entire thrust of his books chapter on «global warming» is that practically nothing about the effects of greenhouse gases is known with certainty.

The authors estimate that if globe - warming emission continue unabated, fuel capacities and payload weights will have to be reduced by as much as 4 percent on the hottest days for some aircraft.

But the change from 2004 to 2007 in the sun's output of visible light, and the attendant warming at Earth's surface of 0.1 watt per square meter, is roughly equivalent to the overall forcing of the sun on the climate over the past 25 years — estimated by the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to be an additional 0.12 watt per square meter.

«The finding that this was not the case is alarming, because the Arctic is the most rapidly warming region on the planet, with conservative estimates predicting further warming of another approximately 4oC by the end of the century.»

Heatwaves from Europe to China are likely to be more intense and result in maximum temperatures that are 3 °C to 5 °C warmer than previously estimated by the middle of the century — all because of the way plants on the ground respond to carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

One tentative estimate put warming two or even three times higher than current middle - range forecasts of 3 to 4 °C based on a doubling of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which is likely by late this century.

Abstract — James L. Crowley — 12 November 2010 Effects of Rapid Global Warming at the Paleocene - Eocene Boundary on Neotropical Vegetation Temperatures in tropical regions are estimated to have increased by 3 ° to 5 °C, compared with Late Paleocene values, during the Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 56.3 million years ago)......... eastern Colombia and western Venezuela.

Therefore studies based on observed warming have underestimated climate sensitivity as they did not account for the greater response to aerosol forcing, and multiple lines of evidence are now consistent in showing that climate sensitivity is in fact very unlikely to be at the low end of the range in recent estimates.

«Moreover, our estimate of 0.27 C mean surface warming per century due to land - use changes is at least twice as high as previous estimates based on urbanization alone7, 8.»

By working on the still - not - fully - cracked nut of estimating changes in hurricane frequency and intensity in a warming climate, Gabe and his colleagues ended up with a modeling system with seasonal skill in regional hurricane prediction.

Still, it seems to me that even a rough estimate of the extent to which increasing solar output is raising temperatures on Mars would be a useful reality check on the «global warming» claims being made here on Earth.

The myth of no warming since 1998 was based on the satellite record estimates of the temperature of the atmosphere.

The calculations of prospective warming in the OXONIA lecture and the accompanying discussion papers are based on the new climate sensitivity estimates by Murphy et al which were published in Nature, 12 August 2004, vol.

As I understand it, the GCR - idea does not deny human influences on global warming and does not really provide a good estimate of what the magnitude of GCR influences might be.

None of the warming estimates from thawing permafrost are in the latest reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

For example, Sturrock et al. (2011) estimate that a) Dothistroma needle blight (Dothistroma septosporum or D. pini), whose primary host in Montana is ponderosa pine, will have reduced or increased impacts, depending on warmer and drier or wetter conditions, respectively; and b) Armillaria root disease (Armillaria spp.), which generally affects Douglas - fir and grand fir, will have increased impacts under warmer, drier conditions, but no change under warmer, wetter conditions.

«My fieldwork with the support of the InBev - Baillet Latour Fellowship will shed light on which processes are responsible for this ice shelf breakup, thereby improving the estimates how, when and where East Antarctica is most vulnerable to global warming.»

Leung emphasized the estimate's conservativeness, noting that the climate projections of warming devised by the U.S. Department of Energy and the National Center for Atmospheric Research are on the low end compared to most other models.

To quantify the impact of human - induced climate change on Harvey and to estimate whether it indeed exacerbated the rainfall thus requires taking into account the atmospheric circulation as well as the overall warming.

The Finnish Meteorological Institute has participated in research to estimate, based on climate model results and measurements, the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that can be released into the atmosphere without passing the climate warming limits set by the Paris Climate Agreement.

[Further Response: Our estimates of the magnitude of future global warming do not come from ice core data, and do not depend on it in any way.

The International Energy Agency estimates that an 80 % chance of keeping global warming to within 2C of pre-industrial temperatures would require investment of roughly $ 1 trillion per year up to 2050, about 10 % of existing expenditure on health care.

CO2 is a GHG and plays a role in warming, and as for the greenhouse effect of 30 odd deg C, estimates made by Gavin here on Real Climate are probably spot on.

«My fieldwork with the support of the InBev - Baillet Latour Fellowship will shed light on which processes are responsible for this ice shelf breakup, thereby improving the estimates how, when and where East Antarctica is most vulnerable to global warming» said Lenaerts.

Early estimates for dangerous global warming based on the «burning embers» approach [1], [19]--[20] have been recognized as probably being too conservative [77].

This approach is complementary to the approach of estimating cumulative emissions allowed to achieve a given limit on global warming [12].

The emission limit depends on climate sensitivity, but central estimates [12]--[13], including those in the upcoming Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [14], are that a 2 °C global warming limit implies a cumulative carbon emissions limit of the order of 1000 GtC.

This 2006 study found that the effect of amplifying feedbacks in the climate system — where global warming boosts atmospheric CO2 levels — «will promote warming by an extra 15 percent to 78 percent on a century - scale» compared to typical estimates by the U.N.'s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

So, while most research erroneously estimated the Inuits» caloric intake on Western intakes of ~ 2,000 - 2,500 calories per day, Sinclair showed that 2,500 calories was too low for the Inuit who needed to keep warm in Arctic temperatures.

In GISTEMP both October and November came in quite warm (0.58 ºC), the former edging up slightly on last month's estimate as more data came in.

Second, since warming estimates vary as a function of the GMST data products chosen (Table 2), we propose to estimate trends on the annual averages of all five data products.

To prime the pump, I mentioned a couple of instances that I reported on Dot Earth, including a report estimating 300,000 deaths a year from global warming and contentious statements made about the predicted die - back of the Amazon rain forest at a climate - science summit in Copenhagen early last year.

The smallest warming / sea level rise in TAR figure 5 will place a wide range of human and natural systems under very considerable pressure (and based on estimates of the melt - down point for greenland place us teetering on the edge of dangerous climate change).

The calculations of prospective warming in the OXONIA lecture and the accompanying discussion papers are based on the new climate sensitivity estimates by Murphy et al which were published in Nature, 12 August 2004, vol.

Gavin has, on several occasions, contended that Pat Michaels has taken Hansen's (PNAS, 2001) warming estimate for the next 50 years out of context (for the latest see # 35).